Indian National Movement: 1870s-1947

• Learners will be able to examine the impact of events during the Indian national movement starting from the 1870s.
• They will also be able to analyze the contribution and key features of various strands of nationalism like subaltern, revolutionary, and mainstream nationalism.
• The aim is to trace the evolution of the Indian National Congress.
• Illustrate how the Indian national movement became a mass movement.
• Evaluate the strategy of non-violent protest developed by Mahatma Gandhi to oppose the British rule.
• Critically study the events since the 1930s which eventually led to India's freedom and partition.

History Maker

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak (1856-1920) was a radical Congress leader.
• Tilak fought for the freedom of the press and founded two newspapers, Kesari and Mahratta, in 1881.
• The purpose of these newspapers was to arouse national consciousness and spread resistance against British rule.
• He gave the slogan, "Freedom is my birthright and I shall have it!".
• People honored him with the title of Lokmanya.

Indian National Movement - At a Glance

First Phase: The Early Nationalists

• Peasant and Tribal movements took place.
• The Partition of Bengal occurred.
• Swadeshi and Boycott Movements were prominent.
• Revolutionary Nationalism was a growing force.
• The Home Rule League was established

Second Phase

• Encompassed the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
• The Khilafat Movement and Non-cooperation Movement happened.
• Revival of Revolutionary Nationalism.

Mass Phase

• Included Subaltern and Revolutionary Nationalist Movements.
• There was a Demand for Purna Swaraj (complete self-rule).
• The Civil Disobedience Movement gained traction.
• The Government of India Act of 1935 was enacted.
• The Quit India Movement was launched.
• The Indian National Army was formed.
• The Simon Commission was formed.
• The Cabinet Mission took place.