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Questions and Answers
Which year did the Indian Instrument Act first come into effect?
Which year did the Indian Instrument Act first come into effect?
- 1919 (correct)
- 1935
- 1947
- None of the above
What was one of the provisions of the Indian Instrument Act of 1919?
What was one of the provisions of the Indian Instrument Act of 1919?
- Introduction of a bicameral system (correct)
- Full independence for India
- Creation of a federal government
- Abolition of the Viceroy's Executive Council
The Indian Instrument Act of 1935 provided for a central civil service commission.
The Indian Instrument Act of 1935 provided for a central civil service commission.
True (A)
The Indian Independence Act, 1947 declared India as independent and sovereign on _______.
The Indian Independence Act, 1947 declared India as independent and sovereign on _______.
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What was abolished by the Indian Independence Act, 1947?
What was abolished by the Indian Independence Act, 1947?
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Match the following lists from the Indian Instrument Act of 1935:
Match the following lists from the Indian Instrument Act of 1935:
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Study Notes
Indian Instrument Act, 1919
- Introduced key reforms known as the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms.
- Established a bicameral system (two legislative houses) with direct elections.
- Introduced a provision for communal representation and separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans.
- Required three out of six members of the Viceroy's Executive Council to be Indian.
- Allowed members of parliament to introduce budget proposals and ask supplementary questions.
- Provided for an Indian to join the Viceroy's Executive Council, exemplified by Satyendra Prasad Sinha.
Indian Instrument Act, 1935
- Established a central civil service commission for recruitment of civil servants.
- Introduced provincial autonomy by abolishing dyarchy, which previously involved two systems of governance.
- Introduced responsible ministries in the Provinces, marking a shift towards democratic governance.
- Established separate provincial budgets independent of the central budget.
- Created an All India Federation, unifying states and provinces as a single unit.
- Divided powers into three lists:
- Federal List: 59 subjects for the center.
- Provincial List: 54 subjects for provinces.
- Concurrent List: 36 subjects for both center and provinces.
- Vested residual powers with the Viceroy.
- Granted the right to franchise based on property, tax, or education.
Indian Independence Act, 1947
- Declared India independent and sovereign on August 15, 1947.
- Separated India from the British Commonwealth.
- Led to the creation of two separate and independent nations: India and Pakistan.
- Established constitutional assemblies for both India and Pakistan to create their own constitutions.
- Abolished the post of Secretary of State for India.
- Established the position of Secretary of State for Commonwealth affairs.
- Transferred all powers to India's Secretary of State.
Other Key Details
- The Federal Court was established in 1937.
- The Mountbatten Plan was implemented, which ultimately led to the partition of India and Pakistan.
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