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Questions and Answers
Which movement launched in 1942 demanded immediate independence from British rule?
Who led the Indian National Army formed in 1942 to fight against the British?
What was the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi that inspired millions of Indians to fight for their freedom?
Which key figure in the Indian independence movement became India's first Prime Minister after independence?
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What was the result of the Quit India Movement in 1942?
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What was the initial focus of the Indian National Congress when it was established in 1885?
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Which event or movement is credited with establishing Mahatma Gandhi as an influential leader in the Indian independence struggle?
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What was the primary objective of the Salt Satyagraha, which was part of the Civil Disobedience Movement?
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Which of the following events or policies triggered widespread protests against British rule in the 19th century?
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What was the primary strategy employed by the Non-Cooperation Movement (Satyagraha) initiated by Mahatma Gandhi?
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Study Notes
Modern History of India: Indian Independence Movement and Its Key Figures
The modern history of India is marked by several significant events and movements, one of which was the Indian independence movement. This era witnessed intense political activities aimed at gaining freedom from British colonial rule. Several key figures played pivotal roles in shaping this period. Here's an overview of the Indian independence movement and its notable leaders.
The Indian Independence Movement
Early Stages
The Indian independence movement started with the Indian National Congress being established in 1885. It was initially focused on constitutional reforms within the framework of the British Raj. However, the movement gained momentum during the 19th century when the British government introduced policies like the Ilbert Bill that disenfranchised Indians and triggered widespread protests against their rule.
Non-Cooperation Movement
In 1920, Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Non-Cooperation Movements (Satyagraha) which encouraged people to boycott foreign goods, quit state schools, and leave government jobs. Although it failed to gain mass support, it established Gandhi as an influential leader.
Civil Disobedience Movement
The Civil Disobedience Movement began in 1930 with the Salt Satyagraha, where Gandhi led thousands of protesters to make salt illegally in defiance of British tax policies. This campaign escalated into larger acts of civil disobedience, including mass protests against foreign trade companies and state liquor stores.
Quit India Movement
The Quit India Movement was launched in 1942, demanding immediate independence from British rule. The movement led to widespread violence across India and the imprisonment of many leaders, including Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose.
Role of the Indian National Army
The Indian National Army was formed in 1942 during the Second World War. It was composed of Indian soldiers who had been captured by the Japanese and were eager to fight against the British. The INA was led by Subhas Chandra Bose, who believed that the only way to gain India's independence was through armed struggle.
Post-War Scenario
After the end of the Second World War, the British government became open to granting India independence. In 1947, India attained freedom after 200 years of British rule, leading to the partition of India and Pakistan.
Key Figures in the Indian Independence Movement
Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi, also known as Bapu, was a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement. He was instrumental in fostering mass movements like the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience movements. Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance inspired millions of Indians to fight for their freedom.
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru was a key figure in the Indian independence movement. He became the President of the Congress in 1929 and later served as India's first Prime Minister. Nehru was a proponent of a secular and democratic India.
Subhas Chandra Bose
Subhas Chandra Bose was a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement who advocated for armed struggle against British rule. He formed the Indian National Army to fight alongside the Axis powers during World War II. Despite his controversial methods, Bose remains a revered figure in some parts of India.
These individuals, along with many others, played crucial roles in India's journey towards independence. Their efforts and sacrifices have shaped the modern history of India, leading to the country we know today.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Indian independence movement and its key figures with this quiz. Explore important events like the Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Quit India Movement, while learning about iconic leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose.
