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Questions and Answers
Who led the Pagal Panthis rebellion against the Zamindars and British Agents?
Who led the Pagal Panthis rebellion against the Zamindars and British Agents?
Which rebellion was a result of the British land revenue system?
Which rebellion was a result of the British land revenue system?
Who led the Kuka Rebellion against the British?
Who led the Kuka Rebellion against the British?
What was the reason for the Vellore Mutiny?
What was the reason for the Vellore Mutiny?
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Which rebellion was a result of the financial burden of subsidiary Alliance?
Which rebellion was a result of the financial burden of subsidiary Alliance?
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Who led the Pailkas Rebellion against the land revenue demand?
Who led the Pailkas Rebellion against the land revenue demand?
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What was the reason for the Sanyasi Rebellion?
What was the reason for the Sanyasi Rebellion?
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Who led the Ramosi Rebellion against the land revenue settlement?
Who led the Ramosi Rebellion against the land revenue settlement?
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What was the primary reason for the Rangpur rebellion in 1783?
What was the primary reason for the Rangpur rebellion in 1783?
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Which of the following was a characteristic of the tribal movements?
Which of the following was a characteristic of the tribal movements?
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What was the outcome of the Indigo revolt?
What was the outcome of the Indigo revolt?
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What was the primary reason for the Deccan riots?
What was the primary reason for the Deccan riots?
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What was a weakness of the tribal movements?
What was a weakness of the tribal movements?
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What was a result of the Pabna revolt?
What was a result of the Pabna revolt?
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What was a reason for the Rangpur rebellion, Indigo revolt, and Pabna revolt?
What was a reason for the Rangpur rebellion, Indigo revolt, and Pabna revolt?
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What was a strength of the tribal movements?
What was a strength of the tribal movements?
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Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the British policies of recruiting labor during the First World War?
Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the British policies of recruiting labor during the First World War?
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Which of the following tribal movements was led by Jadonang?
Which of the following tribal movements was led by Jadonang?
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What was the primary reason behind the peasant revolts in India during the colonial period?
What was the primary reason behind the peasant revolts in India during the colonial period?
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Which of the following tribal movements took place in the 1820s?
Which of the following tribal movements took place in the 1820s?
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Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the occupation of the hilly region?
Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the occupation of the hilly region?
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What was the main limitation of the rebellions before 1857 in India?
What was the main limitation of the rebellions before 1857 in India?
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Which of the following tribal movements took place in Tripura?
Which of the following tribal movements took place in Tripura?
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What was the common demand of the tribal rebellions in India during the colonial period?
What was the common demand of the tribal rebellions in India during the colonial period?
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Which of the following tribal movements was led by Gaidinliu?
Which of the following tribal movements was led by Gaidinliu?
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What was the impact of colonial policies on the Indian countryside?
What was the impact of colonial policies on the Indian countryside?
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Why did the rebellions and revolts in India often falter or stop?
Why did the rebellions and revolts in India often falter or stop?
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Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the hike in House Tax rates?
Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the hike in House Tax rates?
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What was the primary target of the rebellions in India during the colonial period?
What was the primary target of the rebellions in India during the colonial period?
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Which of the following tribal movements took place in the 1930s?
Which of the following tribal movements took place in the 1930s?
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What was the impact of commercialization on Indian peasants during the colonial period?
What was the impact of commercialization on Indian peasants during the colonial period?
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What was the nature of the resistance movements in India during the colonial period?
What was the nature of the resistance movements in India during the colonial period?
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Study Notes
Tribal and Peasant Movements in India
Rebellions, Peasant Revolts, and Tribal Revolts
- Rebellions targeted British officers or agents due to colonial policies
- Peasant rebellions were against economic policies and agents created in agriculture
- Tribal rebellions were against colonial forest policy and agents of colonialism
Reasons for Rebellions
- Land revenue settlements leading to poverty and destruction of countryside
- Strengthening of powers of landed intermediaries (landlords and money lenders)
- Commercialization and forced adoption of British suggested crops
- Famines and food shortages
- Colonial policies and administrative machinery affecting people
Problem with Rebellions
- Limited understanding of colonialism, targeting agents but seeking redressal from the British state
- Localized nature, remaining within their own territory and not going beyond local issues
- Easily diluted or stopped with concessions from the British colonial system
Examples of Rebellions
- Sanyasi Rebellions (1763-1820) against British attempts to stop their mobility
- Fakir Uprising (1763-1820) against mobility restrictions
- Pagal Panthis (1763-1820) against Zamindars and British Agents
- Moplah Rebellion against British land revenue system
- Kuka Rebellion (1840-45) against Sikh loss of territory and humiliation
- Vellore Mutiny (1806) against removal of caste privileges and markers
- Velu Thampi Rebellion (1809) against financial burden of subsidiary alliance
- Pailkas Rebellion (1817) against land revenue demand for rent-free land
Peasant Uprisings
- Rangpur Rebellion (1783) against Ijardari system and exploitation
- Indigo Revolt (1859-60) against coercive practices of planters
- Deccani Riots (1857) against money lenders and cotton prices
- Panna Rebellion (1857) against landlords and exploitation
Reasons for Peasant Uprisings
- Colonial economic policies, land revenue settlement, commercialization, and deindustrialization
- New land revenue system
- Ruin of handicrafts leading to overcrowding of land
- Colonial administrative and judicial system
Tribal Movements
- Reasons for Tribal Movements:
- Colonial forest policy
- Influx of exploitative agents (money lenders and Zamindars)
- Non-accessibility to forest resources
- Taking away forest resources
- Strengths:
- Localized nature
- Local issues
- Tribal identity
- Easy mobilization
- Weaknesses:
- Different tribal identities limiting unity and coordination
- Localized nature
- Limited knowledge of colonialism
- Lack of unity
- Primitive weapons
Examples of Tribal Movements
- Ahoms Revolt (1828-33) against non-fulfillment of pledges by the British East India Company
- Khasis Revolt (1830) against occupation of the hilly region
- Singphos Rebellion (1830s) against British rule
- Kukis Revolt (1917-19) against British policies of recruiting labor during World War I
- Revolt in Tripura (1863, 1942-4, 1920) against hike in House Tax rates and settlement of outsiders
- Zeliangrong Movement (1920) against the failure of British to protect them during the Kuki violence
- Naga Movement (1905-31) against British rule and for setting up of a Naga Raj
- Heraka cult (1930) against British rule and suppression
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Description
Explore the rebellions, revolts, and movements of tribes and peasants in India against colonial policies and their agents, including the reasons behind these uprisings.
