Indian History: Tribal and Peasant Movements

Study Flashcards Play Quiz

Questions and Answers

Who led the Pagal Panthis rebellion against the Zamindars and British Agents?

Karam Shah, Tipu Shah

Which rebellion was a result of the British land revenue system?

Moplah Rebellion

Who led the Kuka Rebellion against the British?

Ram Singh

What was the reason for the Vellore Mutiny?

Removal of caste privileges and markers Signup and view all the answers

Which rebellion was a result of the financial burden of subsidiary Alliance?

Velu Thampi Rebellion Signup and view all the answers

Who led the Pailkas Rebellion against the land revenue demand?

Bidyadhar Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for the Sanyasi Rebellion?

British attempted to stop their mobility Signup and view all the answers

Who led the Ramosi Rebellion against the land revenue settlement?

Chittur Singh Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the Rangpur rebellion in 1783?

Against the Ijardari system and Debi Singh Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a characteristic of the tribal movements?

Localised and focused on local issues Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Indigo revolt?

The Bengal Tenancy Act was passed in 1860 Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the Deccan riots?

Against the exploitation of money lenders Signup and view all the answers

What was a weakness of the tribal movements?

Different tribal identities that limited unity and coordination Signup and view all the answers

What was a result of the Pabna revolt?

The Indigo Commission was established to investigate the revolt Signup and view all the answers

What was a reason for the Rangpur rebellion, Indigo revolt, and Pabna revolt?

Against the exploitation of landlords and money lenders Signup and view all the answers

What was a strength of the tribal movements?

Easy mobilization of tribal groups Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the British policies of recruiting labor during the First World War?

Kukis Revolt Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements was led by Jadonang?

Naga Movement Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason behind the peasant revolts in India during the colonial period?

Resentment against the destruction of countryside and poverty Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements took place in the 1820s?

Ahoms Revolt Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the occupation of the hilly region?

Khasis Revolt Signup and view all the answers

What was the main limitation of the rebellions before 1857 in India?

They were limited to specific regions and did not address larger colonial issues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements took place in Tripura?

Revolt in Tripura Signup and view all the answers

What was the common demand of the tribal rebellions in India during the colonial period?

Protection of their forests and natural resources from colonial exploitation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements was led by Gaidinliu?

Heraka cult Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of colonial policies on the Indian countryside?

It caused the destruction of the countryside and poverty Signup and view all the answers

Why did the rebellions and revolts in India often falter or stop?

Because they received concessions from the British colonial system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements was a response to the hike in House Tax rates?

Revolt in Tripura Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary target of the rebellions in India during the colonial period?

The British officers or agents of colonialism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tribal movements took place in the 1930s?

Heraka cult Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of commercialization on Indian peasants during the colonial period?

It forced them to take up British-suggested crops and led to poverty Signup and view all the answers

What was the nature of the resistance movements in India during the colonial period?

They were fragmented and localized, with varying demands and targets Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tribal and Peasant Movements in India

Rebellions, Peasant Revolts, and Tribal Revolts

Rebellions targeted British officers or agents due to colonial policies
Peasant rebellions were against economic policies and agents created in agriculture
Tribal rebellions were against colonial forest policy and agents of colonialism

Reasons for Rebellions

Land revenue settlements leading to poverty and destruction of countryside
Strengthening of powers of landed intermediaries (landlords and money lenders)
Commercialization and forced adoption of British suggested crops
Famines and food shortages
Colonial policies and administrative machinery affecting people

Problem with Rebellions

Limited understanding of colonialism, targeting agents but seeking redressal from the British state
Localized nature, remaining within their own territory and not going beyond local issues
Easily diluted or stopped with concessions from the British colonial system

Examples of Rebellions

Sanyasi Rebellions (1763-1820) against British attempts to stop their mobility
Fakir Uprising (1763-1820) against mobility restrictions
Pagal Panthis (1763-1820) against Zamindars and British Agents
Moplah Rebellion against British land revenue system
Kuka Rebellion (1840-45) against Sikh loss of territory and humiliation
Vellore Mutiny (1806) against removal of caste privileges and markers
Velu Thampi Rebellion (1809) against financial burden of subsidiary alliance
Pailkas Rebellion (1817) against land revenue demand for rent-free land

Peasant Uprisings

Rangpur Rebellion (1783) against Ijardari system and exploitation
Indigo Revolt (1859-60) against coercive practices of planters
Deccani Riots (1857) against money lenders and cotton prices
Panna Rebellion (1857) against landlords and exploitation

Reasons for Peasant Uprisings

Colonial economic policies, land revenue settlement, commercialization, and deindustrialization
New land revenue system
Ruin of handicrafts leading to overcrowding of land
Colonial administrative and judicial system

Tribal Movements

Reasons for Tribal Movements:
- Colonial forest policy
- Influx of exploitative agents (money lenders and Zamindars)
- Non-accessibility to forest resources
- Taking away forest resources
Strengths:
- Localized nature
- Local issues
- Tribal identity
- Easy mobilization
Weaknesses:
- Different tribal identities limiting unity and coordination
- Localized nature
- Limited knowledge of colonialism
- Lack of unity
- Primitive weapons

Examples of Tribal Movements

Ahoms Revolt (1828-33) against non-fulfillment of pledges by the British East India Company
Khasis Revolt (1830) against occupation of the hilly region
Singphos Rebellion (1830s) against British rule
Kukis Revolt (1917-19) against British policies of recruiting labor during World War I
Revolt in Tripura (1863, 1942-4, 1920) against hike in House Tax rates and settlement of outsiders
Zeliangrong Movement (1920) against the failure of British to protect them during the Kuki violence
Naga Movement (1905-31) against British rule and for setting up of a Naga Raj
Heraka cult (1930) against British rule and suppression

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.