Questions and Answers
Who captured the armories in Chittagong and proclaimed a provisional revolutionary government?
What was one of the important positive outcomes of the Civil Disobedience Movement?
What was a key feature of the Government of India Act, 1935?
Which economic crisis influenced the rise of the Communist Party of India in the 1930s?
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What aspect of trade was affected by the Great Depression in India?
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What type of governance was introduced at the center by the Government of India Act, 1935?
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Who was caught and hanged in 1933 after a year of evasion?
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How many provinces were part of the all-India Federation as per the Government of India Act, 1935?
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What was a significant political development initiated by Surya Sen in Chittagong?
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What was one effect of the Great Depression on agricultural prices in British India?
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Study Notes
Champaran Satyagraha
- Initiated by Gandhi to oppose oppressive laws that restricted freedom of movement for farmers.
- Featured the tinkathia system in Bihar, forcing peasants to cultivate indigo for European planters.
- European, realizing the market shift due to synthetic dyes, increased rent and collected illegal dues from cultivators.
Gandhi's Influences
- Influenced by the works of Tolstoy, Ruskin, and Thoreau, shaping his philosophy and strategies.
- Established the Phoenix Settlement (1905) and Tolstoy Farm (1910) for community living and training for non-violent resistance.
Political Movements
- The Simon Commission faced boycott from Indian political parties, including the Congress and Muslim League.
- The 1928 All Party Conference aimed to draft a constitutional alternative to Simon Commission proposals, led by Motilal Nehru.
- The Nehru Report recommended dominion status for India and reserved seats for Muslims.
Jinnah’s Influence
- Jinnah initially supported unity but shifted towards advocating for a separate nation for Muslims due to rejections at the All Party Conference.
Bhagat Singh and Revolutionary Actions
- Bhagat Singh gained notoriety after the lathi charge event leading to Lala Lajpat Rai’s death.
- Alongside B.K. Dutt, he threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929, calling for revolution.
- His execution had a significant impact on Indian youth, enhancing his popularity and commitment to the freedom struggle.
Chittagong Armoury Raid
- Conducted by Surya Sen in 1930, aimed to establish a provisional revolutionary government.
- Innovative guerrilla tactics were employed for three years until Surya Sen was captured and executed.
The Left Movement in the 1930s
- The Communist Party of India gained prominence during the economic turmoil of the Great Depression.
- The Depression resulted in declining trade and agricultural prices, influencing the political landscape.
Government of India Act 1935
- A significant outcome of the Civil Disobedience Movement, providing provincial autonomy and dyarchy at the center.
- Introduced an all-India federation with various provinces and allowed for greater self-governance in the regions.
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Description
Explore the Champaran Satyagraha led by Gandhi against the exploitative tinkathia system in Bihar. This quiz delves into the historical context, influential figures, and the impact of unjust laws that affected the peasants. Test your knowledge on this pivotal movement in Indian history.
