Indian History: Aurangzeb and the Mughal Empire

<p>The Mughal Empire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They established their own state. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They integrated both Persian and Hindu influences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The political dynamics and artistic patronage evolved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hindi is among the most widely spoken languages in India. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mughal miniatures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were a fusion of Persian and Hindu art forms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A series of military conflicts with Mughal forces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A famine leading to over 2 million deaths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They slowly built their own power. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It remains the center of Sikhism today. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ongoing military campaigns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turkish armies invaded India (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delhi Sultanate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He completely destroyed the city (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The city was deserted for months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluctuations of power and destruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He allowed various religions to coexist peacefully. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Todar Mal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reformed education for the region's children. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural blending that affected various aspects like art and language. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persian (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He won a battle against a much larger army from Delhi. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He counted both Timur the Lame and Genghis Khan as ancestors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was lost due to his son's incompetence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Akbar, meaning 'Great' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He inherited a kingdom in Central Asia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased taxes on farmers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fine white marble and jewels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technical support for agriculture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crisis and neglect of essential needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As one of the most beautiful buildings in the world (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A king must be aggressive to deter neighbors from attacking. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1556 to 1605 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heavy artillery comparable to the Safavids and Ottomans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unification of a territory larger than unified Europe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a wise and tolerant ruler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grasper of the World (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>She was a brilliant politician who understood the use of power. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He promoted Islam but was tolerant of other religions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was Akbar's son. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>She was a Persian princess. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aurangzeb ruled from 1658 to 1707 as Mughal emperor. He expanded their empire.

Shah Jahan's son, who became emperor in 1658.

Founded by a Hindu warrior community who established an independent state.

The prominent leader of the Marathas.

The Mughal empire expanded furthest under Aurangzeb's rule.

Small, detailed, colorful paintings from the Mughal court, combining Persian and Hindu styles.

The royal court of the Mughal emperors, a center for art and culture.

The death of Emperor Akbar in 1605, marking a change in the Mughal court.

Decorative paintings made for books, an example of Mughal art.

Styles from Persia and India blended in Mughal art.

A series of wars between the Sikhs and the Mughal Empire took place in the early 17th century.

Aurangzeb's long reign, while expanding the empire, ultimately drained its resources and led to a devastating famine.

During Aurangzeb's reign, over 2 million people perished in a famine that ravaged the empire.

Western traders gradually gained power in the region as the Mughal Empire's influence waned.

The Punjab region is considered the heartland of Sikhism, where the religion originated and continues to thrive.

A loose empire of Turkish warlords who ruled from Delhi starting around 1000 CE.

Timur, a powerful conqueror, completely destroyed Delhi in 1398, leaving the city deserted for months.

Around 1000 CE, Turkish armies invaded India, and Delhi became the capital of their empire.

Delhi played a significant role in the history of India, serving as a capital and trading center.

Well-trained Turkish armies conquered parts of India starting around 1000 CE.

Akbar, a Mughal emperor, allowed people of different religions to practice their faiths freely.

Akbar's finance minister, Todar Mal, designed a smart and effective tax system for the Mughal Empire.

The Mughals implemented changes to education for children in their territories.

The Mughal Empire's arts, education, politics, and language showed a blend of different cultures.

Persian, the language of Akbar's court, greatly influenced Mughal culture.

Babur was a descendant of both Timur the Lame and Genghis Khan, two prominent historical figures.

At the age of 11, Babur inherited a kingdom in Central Asia and later led a successful military campaign in 1526.

Babur's son, Humayun, inherited the kingdom but was unable to maintain control over the territories Babur had gained.

Akbar, meaning 'Great,' was the grandson of Babur and a significant ruler in the Mughal dynasty.

In 1526, Babur led a smaller army of 12,000 against a much larger force of 100,000 and achieved a decisive victory.

Akbar's son and the Mughal emperor, also known as "Grasper of the World." He aimed to promote Islam while maintaining tolerance for other faiths.

A powerful Persian princess and Jahangir's wife, skilled in politics and wielding considerable influence in the Mughal court.

Jahangir actively promoted Islam but also practiced tolerance towards other religions like Hinduism.

Nur Jahan was a shrewd politician who understood the complexities of power and used it effectively in the Mughal court.

The Mughal emperors, including Jahangir, generally maintained a policy of religious tolerance, allowing for the existence of diverse faiths, but favoring Islam.

Akbar, who ruled India from 1556 to 1605, is known for his wisdom and tolerance. He united a vast territory and was a strong military leader.

Akbar believed a king must be aggressive to protect his kingdom from attacks by neighboring rulers. He emphasized the importance of military strength.

Like the Safavids and Ottomans, Akbar equipped his armies with cutting-edge weapons, including heavy artillery, to dominate the battlefield.

Akbar's skillful combination of military power and political wisdom allowed him to bring together a vast land with over 100 million people, bigger than all of Europe at that time.

Akbar's rule and policies influenced the Mughal Empire for generations. He is remembered as a wise and tolerant ruler who unified a vast territory.

Shah Jahan, the Mughal emperor, invested heavily in constructing grand buildings, including the Taj Mahal, gardens, monuments, and forts. However, his projects came at a high cost to the country.

Shah Jahan's extravagant building projects drained the nation's resources, neglecting the needs of farmers and other citizens. The focus on monuments led to high taxes, burdening the population, and neglecting vital infrastructure like roads and irrigation.

While Shah Jahan invested in magnificent constructions, farmers struggled. The focus was on grand projects rather than essential needs like tools, roads, and irrigation, leading to difficulty in sustaining their livelihood and contributing to India's harsh environment.

Shah Jahan's reign prioritized monumental construction rather than the needs of his people. This focus resulted in neglect of farmers' needs and the burden of high taxes, showcasing a disconnect between the ruler's lavish projects and the suffering of the people.

Shah Jahan's reign is remembered for its impressive architectural achievements, such as the Taj Mahal. However, it also left a lasting impact on the economy and the people. Despite its beauty, the focus on grand constructions at the expense of basic needs created hardship for the population.