Indian Heritage: Monuments, Taj Mahal & Forts

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Questions and Answers

What is passed down from one generation to another called?

  • Monument
  • Heritage (correct)
  • Folk tale
  • Epic

Which of the following is an example of a monument?

  • Song
  • Food
  • Fort (correct)
  • Dance

Where is the Taj Mahal located?

  • Madhya Pradesh
  • Uttar Pradesh (correct)
  • Arunachal Pradesh
  • Rajasthan

Who built the Taj Mahal?

<p>Shah Jahan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fort is guarded by a 36-kilometre-long wall?

<p>Kumbhalgarh Fort (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who built the Sanchi Stupa?

<p>Emperor Ashoka (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which state is the Shore Temple located?

<p>Tamil Nadu (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Konark Sun Temple was built to honor which god?

<p>Sun God (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a feature of the Tawang Monastery?

<p>Yellow roof (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the Ramayana and the Mahabharata?

<p>Epics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which language were the Panchatantra written?

<p>Sanskrit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ramayana is the story of whom?

<p>Rama (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A folk tale is passed down from one generation to another by whom?

<p>People (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For how many years were Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana sent away from Ayodhya?

<p>14 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common theme in fables?

<p>Teaching a lesson (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a harvest festival of Tamil Nadu?

<p>Pongal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is prepared during Onam in Kerala?

<p>Special feast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of India is Baisakhi celebrated?

<p>Punjab (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for celebrating festivals?

<p>Time for fun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is celebrated three times a year?

<p>Bihu (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describe a key difference between the Ramayana and the Mahabharata?

<p>The Ramayana narrates the journey of a prince rescuing his wife, whereas the Mahabharata revolves around a war between cousins for a kingdom. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes folk tales from other forms of storytelling?

<p>Folk tales are passed down through generations orally and do not have a single known author. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the Panchatantra stories impart wisdom?

<p>Through short stories featuring animal characters that illustrate moral lessons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do harvest festivals reflect the culture and traditions of a region?

<p>By showcasing unique regional customs, foods, and traditions associated with the harvest season. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is India described as having a rich heritage?

<p>Because of its diverse collection of stories, festivals, and traditions passed down through generations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Kumbhalgarh Fort demonstrate a blend of security and culture?

<p>By housing palaces, gardens, and temples within a 36-kilometer-long protective wall. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What architectural element of the Konark Sun Temple is most symbolic of its dedication?

<p>Its chariot shape with large stone wheels, dedicated to the Sun God. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do monuments like the Taj Mahal and Sanchi Stupa reflect both personal sentiments and broader cultural values?

<p>They represent personal memories (e.g., Taj Mahal) and reflect religious beliefs (e.g., Sanchi Stupa). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the Tawang Monastery serve as a multi-faceted institution within its community?

<p>By housing a library, school, and museum, in addition to providing residence for monks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a historian were studying the reign of Emperor Ashoka, which monument mentioned would provide the most direct insight into his personal beliefs?

<p>Sanchi Stupa, due to its association with Gautama Buddha, whose teachings Ashoka followed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heritage includes things passed down from one generation to another.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monuments are always built to celebrate a sports victory.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Taj Mahal is located in Mumbai.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Kumbhalgarh Fort has a wall that is shorter than the Great Wall of China.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Sanchi Stupa was built by Emperor Akbar.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Shore Temple is in Kerala.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Konark Sun Temple was built to honor the Moon God.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tawang Monastery has a blue roof.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ramayana and the Mahabharata are examples of plays.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ramayana is primarily about the story of Ravana.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Mahabharata is a story about cousins, the Pandavas and the Kauravas, fighting for the throne of Hastinapur.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Folk tales generally have a single, known author.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Panchatantra is a compilation of fables that use animal characters to teach lessons.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Panchatantra was originally written in Hindi.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Festivals are celebrated with special dishes, new clothes, and gatherings with relatives and friends.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

National festivals are related to a particular religion.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Harvest festivals are celebrated after crops have been cut.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Baisakhi is the harvest festival of Assam.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pongal is a harvest festival celebrated in Kerala.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] means something that is passed down from one generation to another.

<p>Heritage</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank], temples, palaces, pillars, monasteries, memorials are all monuments.

<p>Forts</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Taj Mahal is in Agra in ______ Pradesh.

<p>Uttar</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan in memory of his ______.

<p>wife</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Kumbhalgarh Fort is in ______.

<p>Rajasthan</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Sanchi Stupa is in Sanchi in Madhya ______.

<p>Pradesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Shore Temple is in Mahabalipuram in Tamil ______.

<p>Nadu</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Konark Sun Temple is in Konark in ______.

<p>Odisha</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Konark Sun Temple was built to honor the ______ God.

<p>Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ramayana and the Mahabharata are our ______.

<p>epics</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ramayana is the story of Rama, the son of Dasharatha, the king of ______.

<p>Ayodhya</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rama, his wife Sita and his younger brother ______ were sent away from Ayodhya for 14 years.

<p>Lakshmana</p> Signup and view all the answers

The king of Lanka, ______, took Sita away with him in the Ramayana story.

<p>Ravana</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Mahabharata is the story of the Pandavas and the ______.

<p>Kauravas</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Pandavas and Kauravas fought for the throne of ______.

<p>Hastinapur</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ tale is a story told by people and passed from one generation to another.

<p>folk</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Panchatantra is a collection of ______.

<p>fables</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ are a collection of stories and fables.

<p>Jatakas</p> Signup and view all the answers

Festivals related to a particular religion are called ______ festivals.

<p>religious</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] festivals are celebrated when the crops have been cut.

<p>Harvest</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which language were the Ramayana and Mahabharata written?

<p>Sanskrit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who takes Sita away in the Ramayana?

<p>Ravana</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who helped Rama and Lakshmana defeat Ravana?

<p>Hanumana</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Mahabharata tells the story of a fight between the Pandavas and who else?

<p>Kauravas</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a folk tale?

<p>A story told by people and passed from one generation to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the short stories that teach lessons through animal characters called?

<p>Fables</p> Signup and view all the answers

What values does the Panchatantra teach us about?

<p>Values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one thing people do to celebrate festivals?

<p>Eat special dishes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of festival is Baisakhi?

<p>Harvest festival</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Indian state celebrates Onam?

<p>Kerala</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which Indian city is the Taj Mahal located?

<p>Agra</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who built the Taj Mahal and in whose memory?

<p>Shah Jahan, his wife</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ruler built the Kumbhalgarh Fort approximately 600 years ago?

<p>Rana Kumbha</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Kumbhalgarh Fort is guarded by a long wall. After which wall is it the second longest in the world?

<p>The Great Wall of China</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which state of India is the Sanchi Stupa located?

<p>Madhya Pradesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who built the Sanchi Stupa more than 2000 years ago?

<p>Emperor Ashoka</p> Signup and view all the answers

On which shore does the Shore Temple, located in Mahabalipuram, stand?

<p>Bay of Bengal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which god does the Konark Sun Temple honor?

<p>Sun God</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the two epics mentioned.

<p>Ramayana or Mahabharata</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'heritage' mean?

<p>Something passed down from one generation to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one type of monument.

<p>Forts</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which city is the Taj Mahal located?

<p>Agra</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who built the Taj Mahal and in memory of whom?

<p>Shah Jahan in memory of his wife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Indian fort has the second-longest wall in the world?

<p>Kumbhalgarh Fort</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the state in which the Shore Temple is located.

<p>Tamil Nadu</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which god is the Konark Sun Temple dedicated to?

<p>The Sun God</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Tawang Monastery located?

<p>Arunachal Pradesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the two Indian epics mentioned.

<p>The Ramayana</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the two groups of cousins that fight for the throne in the Mahabharata?

<p>Pandavas and Kauravas</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to stories passed down through generations, with no single author?

<p>Folk tales</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which collection of fables uses animal characters to teach lessons?

<p>Panchatantra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are festivals related to a specific religion known as?

<p>Religious festivals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of festival celebrates the cutting of crops?

<p>Harvest festivals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which harvest festival is celebrated in Punjab in April?

<p>Baisakhi</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which state is the harvest festival Onam celebrated?

<p>Kerala</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ramayana

An ancient Sanskrit epic about Rama rescuing his wife Sita from Ravana.

Mahabharata

An ancient Sanskrit epic about a war between the Pandavas and Kauravas for the throne of Hastinapur.

Folk tales

Stories passed down through generations with no known author.

Panchatantra

A collection of fables written in Sanskrit that teach us about values.

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Fable

Short stories that teach a lesson using animal characters.

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Jatakas

A collection of stories and fables, often with a moral or religious theme.

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Festival

A time for fun, special food, new clothes, and meeting loved ones.

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Religious Festivals

Festivals related to a specific belief system or faith.

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Harvest Festivals

Festivals celebrated at the time when crops have been harvested.

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Baisakhi

The harvest festival of Punjab, celebrated in April.

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Heritage

Something passed down from one generation to another, like monuments, songs, and languages.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Monuments

Special buildings or structures, like forts, temples and memorials, that remind us of famous people or events.

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Taj Mahal

A memorial in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, made of white marble by Shah Jahan for his wife.

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Kumbhalgarh Fort

A fort in Rajasthan built by Rana Kumbha, featuring a 36-km-long wall.

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Sanchi Stupa

One of the oldest monuments, located in Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, built by Emperor Ashoka.

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Shore Temple

One of the oldest temples, carved from granite, located in Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu.

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Konark Sun Temple

A chariot-shaped temple in Konark, Odisha, built to honor the Sun God.

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Tawang Monastery

A Buddhist monastery in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, known for its tall Buddha statue.

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Epic

A long poem that narrates the story of heroes and their adventures.

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Ramayana and Mahabharata

Two famous epics of India that tell the stories of heroes and their adventures.

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What are Monuments?

Buildings that remind people of a famous person or event, like forts and temples.

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What is the Taj Mahal?

The white marble memorial built by Shah Jahan in Agra for his wife.

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What is Kumbhalgarh Fort?

A fort in Rajasthan built by Rana Kumbha with a very long wall.

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What is Sanchi Stupa?

A stupa built by Emperor Ashoka in Madhya Pradesh with decorated gateways.

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What is the Konark Sun Temple?

A temple built to honor the Sun God in the shape of a chariot.

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Bihu

Harvest festival of Assam, celebrated three times a year with music and dance.

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Pongal

Harvest festival of Tamil Nadu, celebrated in January with kolams.

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Onam

Harvest festival of Kerala, celebrated in August-September with feasts and boat races.

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What is Heritage?

Something passed from one generation to the next.

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What is a monument?

A building that reminds us of a famous person or event.

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What is Granite?

A type of stone used to build the Shore Temple.

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What is a Stupa?

Holy structure for followers of Gautama Buddha.

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Who was Emperor Ashoka?

Emperor who built the Sanchi Stupa.

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Who was Narasimhadeva I?

The ruler who built the Konark Sun Temple.

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Who was Narasimhavarmana II?

The ruler who built the Shore Temple.

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What is Kumbhalgarh's Wall?

The second-longest wall in the world.

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Who was Shah Jahan?

The ruler who built the Taj Mahal.

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What is Uttar Pradesh?

The state where the Taj Mahal located.

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Indian Epics

Ancient stories, originally in Sanskrit, about heroes and values.

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Main story of Ramayana

Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana's journey, battles, and triumph over Ravana.

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Main Story of Mahabharata

The battle between the Pandavas and Kauravas for the throne of Hastinapur.

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Folk Tale Definition

Stories passed down through generations without a known author

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Purpose of Festivals

Celebrations with food, clothes, and gatherings.

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Purpose of Harvest Festivals

Celebrations after the crops are gathered.

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What is Baisakhi?

Harvest festival in Punjab celebrated in April.

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What is Bihu?

The harvest festival of Assam, celebrated thrice a year.

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What is Pongal?

Harvest festival in Tamil Nadu celebrated in January.

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What is Cultural Heritage?

Buildings, songs, dances, languages, and paintings passed down.

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Examples of Monuments

Temples, forts, and palaces.

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Location of Taj Mahal

Uttar Pradesh

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What is the purpose of 'The Great Wall?'

A wall that protects land or fort

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Location of Sanchi Stupa

Madhya Pradesh

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Location of Shore Temple

Tamil Nadu

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Location of Konark Sun Temple

Odisha

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Location of Tawang Monastery

Arunachal Pradesh

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Epics tell stories about:

Heroes and adventures

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What's the importance of Stupas?

Holy to the followers of Gautama Buddha

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What is a Fable?

Short stories that teach a lesson using mainly animal characters.

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What is a Folk Tale?

A story that is told by people and passed from one generation to another.

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What are Harvest Festivals?

Celebrated after harvesting crops, can vary by region.

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What is Kolam?

Decorating houses with kolams is essential.

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What is the Ramayana?

A story of Rama rescuing Sita from Ravana, written in Sanskrit.

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What is the Mahabharata?

A story of cousins battling for the throne of Hastinapur, origianlly written in Sanskrit.

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What is Onam?

A harvest festival of Kerala, celebrated in August-September with feasts and boat races.

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What is the Panchatantra

Stories written in Sanskrit with animals teaching morals.

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What is the Shore Temple?

Located in Mahabalipuram and built from Granite

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What is Konark Sun Temple?

Built to honor the Sun God

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What is an Epic Poem?

Tells the story of heroes and adventures

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What is Tawang Monastery?

Located in Arunachal Pradesh

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What are Epics?

Stories about gods, goddesses, or heroes

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What is Onam Sadya?

A special meal prepared during Onam.

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What are Kolams?

Traditional decorations used during Pongal.

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What is Shore Temple?

Located in Tamil Nadu built of rock.

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Monastery Definition

Religious building for Buddhist monks.

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What does 'epic' mean?

A long narrative poem in Sanskrit.

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What are Fables?

Stories where animals teach moral lessons.

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What are Folk Tales?

Passed down stories with no single author.

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Ramayana summary

Rama defeats Ravana, rescuing Sita.

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Mahabharata summary

Pandavas and Kauravas fight for a throne.

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The Panchatantra

Collection of fables teaching values.

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Study Notes

  • Heritage is passed down from one generation to another and includes monuments, songs, music, dances, plays, epics, folk tales, festivals, food, dress, languages, and paintings.
  • India has a rich heritage of which Indians are proud.

Monuments

  • Monuments are special buildings that remind people of famous individuals or events.
  • Forts, temples, palaces, pillars, monasteries and memorials all qualify as monuments.

Taj Mahal

  • The Taj Mahal is located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
  • It was constructed over 350 years ago from white marble.
  • Shah Jahan built it as a memorial to his wife.
  • It is a highly visited monument in India.

Kumbhalgarh Fort

  • It is one of Rajasthan's famous forts.
  • Rana Kumbha built it approximately 600 years ago.
  • Includes palaces, gardens, and temples within the fort.
  • Features a 36 km long wall, second-longest in the world after the Great Wall of China.

Sanchi Stupa

  • Located in Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh.
  • Emperor Ashoka built it over 2000 years ago.
  • It is renowned for its decorated gateways.
  • Stupas are holy for Gautama Buddha's followers.
  • Emperor Ashoka was a follower of Gautama Buddha.
  • It is one of the oldest monuments.

Shore Temple

  • Located in Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu.
  • Narasimhavarmana II built it around 1300 years ago.
  • Constructed from granite rock.
  • Named for its location on the Bay of Bengal shore.
  • It is one of the oldest temples.

Konark Sun Temple

  • Located in Konark, Odisha.
  • Narasimhadeva I constructed it over 700 years ago.
  • The temple is shaped like a chariot with large stone wheels.
  • Dedicated to honouring the Sun God.
  • It is one of the most famous temples.

Tawang Monastery

  • Located in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh.
  • It is a Buddhist monastery.
  • Features a tall statue of Gautama Buddha.
  • Known for its yellow roof and colourful gateway.
  • Contains a library, school, museum, and residences for monks.
  • It is the tallest Buddhist monastery in India.

Epics

  • An epic is a long poem that recounts the stories of heroes and their adventures.
  • The Ramayana and the Mahabharata are Indian epics.
  • They are written in Sanskrit.

The Ramayana

  • The Ramayana is about Rama, son of King Dasharatha of Ayodhya.
  • Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana were exiled for 14 years and lived in forests.
  • Ravana kidnapped Sita, leading to a battle where Rama, aided by Hanuman, defeated Ravana and rescued Sita.

The Mahabharata

  • It tells the story of the Pandavas and Kauravas, cousins who fought for the throne of Hastinapur.
  • The Pandavas ultimately won the battle.

Folk Tales

  • Folk tales are stories passed down through generations without a known author.
  • The Panchatantra is a collection of fables, where fables are short stories teaching lessons through animal characters.
  • Written in Sanskrit, the Panchatantra imparts values.
  • The Jatakas are also a collection of stories and fables.

Festivals

  • Festivals are times for enjoyment, special foods, new clothes, and gatherings with relatives and friends.
  • Festivals are grouped into national, religious, and harvest festivals.

Religious Festivals

  • Religious festivals relate to specific religions.

Harvest Festivals

  • Harvest festivals celebrate the cutting of crops and vary by region and time of year.

Baisakhi

  • It is the harvest festival of Punjab, celebrated in April.

Bihu

  • It is the harvest festival of Assam, celebrated three times a year with music and dance.

Pongal

  • It is the harvest festival of Tamil Nadu, celebrated in January where people decorate their houses with kolams.
  • People make kolams to decorate their houses

Onam

  • It is the harvest festival of Kerala, celebrated in August-September.
  • Includes a special feast called onam sadya and boat races.

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