Indian Government and History

Government

• System of Government: Federal parliamentary democratic republic
• Head of State: President (currently Droupadi Murmu)
• Head of Government: Prime Minister (currently Narendra Modi)
• Parliament: Bicameral (Lok Sabha - Lower House, Rajya Sabha - Upper House)
• Major Political Parties: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), and others

History

• Ancient Period:
  • Indus Valley Civilization (3300-1300 BCE): First urban civilization in India
  • Vedic Period (1500-500 BCE): Emergence of Hinduism and the Vedas
  • Mauryan Empire (322-185 BCE): Unified India under Ashoka the Great
• Medieval Period:
  • Gupta Empire (320-550 CE): Golden Age of Indian culture and science
  • Islamic Rule (712-1756 CE): Muslim invasions and the Delhi Sultanate
  • Mughal Empire (1526-1756 CE): Period of cultural and architectural achievements
• Modern Period:
  • British Colonization (1756-1947 CE): India under British rule
  • Indian Independence Movement (1857-1947 CE): Led by Mahatma Gandhi and others
  • Independence and Partition (1947 CE): India gained independence, divided into India and Pakistan

Government

• India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic
• The President serves as the Head of State, currently held by Droupadi Murmu
• The Prime Minister serves as the Head of Government, currently held by Narendra Modi
• The parliament is bicameral, consisting of the Lok Sabha (Lower House) and the Rajya Sabha (Upper House)
• Major political parties include the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), and others

History

Ancient Period

• The Indus Valley Civilization (3300-1300 BCE) was the first urban civilization in India
• The Vedic Period (1500-500 BCE) saw the emergence of Hinduism and the Vedas
• The Mauryan Empire (322-185 BCE) unified India under Ashoka the Great

Medieval Period

• The Gupta Empire (320-550 CE) is considered the Golden Age of Indian culture and science
• Islamic Rule (712-1756 CE) brought Muslim invasions and the Delhi Sultanate
• The Mughal Empire (1526-1756 CE) saw a period of cultural and architectural achievements

Modern Period

• British Colonization (1756-1947 CE) saw India under British rule
• The Indian Independence Movement (1857-1947 CE) was led by Mahatma Gandhi and others
• India gained independence and was divided into India and Pakistan in 1947 CE

Test your knowledge on the system of government in India, its heads of state and government, parliament, and major political parties. Also, learn about the ancient history of India, including the Indus Valley Civilization.