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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the Preamble in the Indian Constitution?
Which of the following is NOT a Fundamental Right guaranteed by the Constitution?
What is the primary purpose of the Directive Principles of State Policy?
When were the Fundamental Duties introduced in the Indian Constitution?
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What is the Composition of the Parliament of India?
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What is the procedure to amend the Indian Constitution?
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What is the purpose of Article 352 in the Indian Constitution?
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What is the significance of the 42nd Amendment in the Indian Constitution?
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What is the composition of the government of India?
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What is the purpose of Article 356 in the Indian Constitution?
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Study Notes
Preamble
- The Preamble is the introductory part of the Indian Constitution
- It sets out the objectives of the Constitution
- It declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
Fundamental Rights
- Guaranteed by the Constitution, these are basic human rights
- Articles 12-35: Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to Constitutional Remedies
- Can be enforced by the courts
Directive Principles of State Policy
- Guidelines for the government to implement policies for the welfare of citizens
- Non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by the courts
- Articles 36-51: socioeconomic development, international peace and security, and strengthening the Indian economy
Fundamental Duties
- Introduced by the 42nd Amendment in 1976
- Articles 51A: duties of citizens, including respecting the Constitution, the national flag, and the national anthem
Government of India
- Parliamentary System: President as the Head of State, Prime Minister as the Head of Government
- Three branches of government: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial
- Bicameral Parliament: Lok Sabha (Lower House) and Rajya Sabha (Upper House)
Amendments
- Procedure for amending the Constitution: Article 368
- Can be initiated by the introduction of a Bill in either House of Parliament
- Requires a special majority (2/3 majority in each House and ratification by at least half of the State Legislatures)
Emergency Provisions
- Article 352: National Emergency, can be declared by the President if the security of India is threatened
- Article 356: State Emergency, can be declared by the President if the government of a State cannot function in accordance with the Constitution
- Article 360: Financial Emergency, can be declared by the President if the financial stability of India is threatened
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Description
Test your knowledge of the Indian Constitution, including its Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and government structure. Covers key concepts and articles.
