30 Questions
What are the key areas that Article 39 directs the state to ensure?
adequate means of livelihood, ownership and control of material resources, economic system not resulting in wealth concentration, equal pay for equal work, protection of workers' strength and health, prevention of exploitation of childhood and youth
According to Article 42, what provisions should the state make?
securing just and humane working conditions and providing maternity relief
What is the objective of Article 43?
to achieve a livable wage and an acceptable standard of living for all workers
What is the significance of Article 43A?
ensuring worker participation in the administration of industries
Who was the key guiding factor during the freedom movement?
Mahatma Gandhi
What directive principles are aimed at executing Gandhian principles?
certain directive principles in the Constitution
What are some of the government programmes implemented to help mothers and children with health and nutrition in India?
Maternity benefits and school lunches
What is the motivating force underlying all the social initiatives mentioned in the text?
Directive Principles
Which Central Government-sponsored schemes are mentioned in the text to meet the Indian State's social sector responsibilities?
Pradhan Mantri Gram Swasthya Yojana (PMGSY) and National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
Why is modernization and extension of essential health and education services required in India?
To address disparities in health and education sectors compared to other countries
What key aspects are addressed by the Constitution in relation to society and individuals?
Freedom to labour, right to appropriate means of subsistence, and socioeconomic justice
Why is it important for India, as a Democratic Welfare State, to focus on health and education services?
To ensure socioeconomic justice for all segments of society
What is the view of the Supreme Court regarding the interplay of Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights?
The Supreme Court started giving value to the Directive Principles and argued for harmonizing them with Fundamental Rights.
How did the judicial attitude towards Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights change over time?
The Supreme Court's view shifted towards valuing the Directive Principles and seeking to implement them in interpreting statutes.
In what way did the Supreme Court suggest interpreting a statute regarding Directive Principles?
The Courts could interpret a statute in line with the social philosophy of the Directive Principles, giving preference to that construction.
What is the assumption made by the Supreme Court regarding law makers and Directive Principles?
The assumption was that law makers are not completely unmindful or oblivious of the Directive Principles.
What is the relationship between Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights?
Directive Principles have to conform to and run as subsidiary to the Chapter on Fundamental Rights.
What extent of abridgement is allowed for the Chapter on Fundamental Rights by legislative or executive acts?
The Chapter on Fundamental Rights is not liable to be abridged, except to the extent provided in the appropriate article in Part III.
In what way did the Courts view the relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles?
The Courts adopted the view of harmonious construction between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
What principle did the Courts adopt in determining the scope and ambit of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles?
The principle of harmonious construction.
Which case in 1958 affirmed the primacy of Fundamental Rights while also considering Directive Principles?
Kerala Education Bill case.
Did the Courts make Directive Principles justiciable as such?
No, the Courts did not make Directive Principles justiciable as such.
According to the Supreme Court, was there a conflict between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles?
The Supreme Court asserted that there is 'no conflict on the whole' between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
How did the Courts attempt to give effect to both Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles?
Courts adopted the principle of harmonious construction and aimed to give effect to both as much as possible.
What does the Supreme Court state about the right to live with human dignity?
It derives its life breath from the Directive Principles of State Policy.
Which rights are included in the right to life according to the Supreme Court?
The right to enjoy pollution free water and air and environment.
What is the obligation of the employer towards employee workers, according to the Court?
To protect the health and vigour of the employee workers.
Which rights are explicitly mentioned under the right to education in Art. 21?
To be spelled out in the light of the Directive Principles contained in Art. 41 and 45.
What right has been derived by reading Art. 21 with Arts. 39(e), 41, 43, and 48A?
Right to health and social justice for workers.
In what way is the right to privacy recognized?
As a fundamental right.
Test your knowledge on Article 39 of the Indian Constitution which focuses on ensuring rights to adequate means of livelihood, organizing material resources for common good, avoiding wealth concentration, and promoting equal pay for equal work.
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