Indian Constitution and State Reorganization
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Questions and Answers

When did the Constitution of India come into effect?

  • 15 August 1947
  • 14 November 1950
  • 1 January 1950
  • 26 January 1950 (correct)

    • What was the major challenge faced by India after independence regarding its democratic system?

  • Conducting the first general election (correct)
  • Establishing a one-party rule
  • Imposing martial law
  • Eliminating corruption in politics

    • What was the primary reason for the demand to reorganize states in India?

  • Economic disparities between states
  • Regional political instability
  • Cultural and linguistic differences (correct)
  • Religious conflicts among communities

    • Which assembly was formed in 1946 to draft the Constitution of India?

    <p>Constituent Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Indian democracy from many Asian and African countries post-independence?

    <p>Continuation of democratic governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the Nagpur session of the Indian National Congress?

    <p>To form state committees based on language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the freedom fighter that initiated a satyagraha for the formation of Andhra Pradesh?

    <p>Potti Sriramalu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the States Reorganization Act of 1956?

    <p>Formation of 14 states and 6 union territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic model did India adopt after independence?

    <p>A mixed economy combining capitalist and socialist principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who chaired the commission that recommended the States Reorganization Act of 1956?

    <p>Fazl Ali</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the chairman of the Planning Commission of India when it was established?

    <p>Jawaharlal Nehru</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary goal of the Five-Year Plans initiated by the Planning Commission?

    <p>Alleviate poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country provided significant assistance to the largest number of iron and steel industrial firms in India?

    <p>Soviet Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the major dams constructed in India post-independence?

    <p>To serve as primary sources of infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary source of the concept of economic planning for India after independence?

    <p>Soviet Union's economic strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Bhakra Nangal Project in India?

    <p>It is the largest multipurpose project in the country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the notable events that took place on October 2, 1982, in India?

    <p>Initiation of projects to improve infrastructure and agriculture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization focuses on medical research in India?

    <p>Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is recognized for leading the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research?

    <p>Homi Jahangir Bhabha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change occurred in the Indian economy during the 1990s?

    <p>Shift towards the private sector from the public sector.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Indian Institutes were established between 1954 and 1964?

    <p>Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was formed in 1962 to facilitate space research in India?

    <p>Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the first satellite launched by India in 1975?

    <p>Aryabhatta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is primarily responsible for India's space research?

    <p>Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which missiles were developed by Dr. Raja Ramanna?

    <p>Agni and Prithwi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Vikram Sarabhai's primary contribution to India?

    <p>Advancement of atomic energy research and space technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which title is Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam most commonly referred to as?

    <p>Missile Man of India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary mission of Chandrayaan?

    <p>To collect samples from the Moon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following missions was India's first to reach Mars?

    <p>Mangalyaan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant center is named after Vikram Sarabhai?

    <p>Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary objective of the Radhakrishnan Commission?

    <p>To study university education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which recommendation was made by the Kothari Commission?

    <p>Establish multipurpose schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major focus of the National Policy on Education formulated in 1986?

    <p>Preparing India for future challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which commission recommended the formation of the University Grants Commission (UGC)?

    <p>Radhakrishnan Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Lakshmana Swami Mudaliar Commission study?

    <p>Secondary education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first education minister of independent India?

    <p>Maulana Abul Kalam Azad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Operation Blackboard Programme?

    <p>To universalise primary education and improve school infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which initiative was started to encourage girls' education in India?

    <p>Sarva Siksha Abhiyan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which notable cultural achievement occurred in India post-independence?

    <p>Establishment of numerous cultural institutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major change was introduced by the New Education Policy?

    <p>Making education a fundamental right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution is responsible for promoting dance, drama, and music in India?

    <p>Sangit Natak Akademi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle reflects India's policy of avoiding alliances with major power blocs?

    <p>Policy of Non-alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which academy focuses on making books available affordably and promoting reading habits in India?

    <p>National Book Trust of India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the main objective of India's foreign policy?

    <p>Peaceful coexistence and welfare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is responsible for conducting national drama festivals annually in India?

    <p>National School of Drama</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle emphasizes the importance of respecting territorial integrity between nations?

    <p>Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of mutual non-interference in internal affairs aim to protect?

    <p>Sovereignty of nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the Panchsheel Principles?

    <p>Military alliance for mutual defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the leaders involved in signing the Panchsheel agreement in 1954?

    <p>Jawaharlal Nehru and Chou En-lai</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the broader significance of the Panchsheel Principles for India's foreign policy?

    <p>It established a framework for peaceful international relations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Constitution of India

    • The Constitution of India became effective on January 26, 1950, and India was declared a Republic.
    • The Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly formed in 1946, chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
    • The Constitution reflects the aspirations of the Indian independence movement.
    • The first general elections in accordance with the Constitution took place in 1951-1952.

    Linguistic Reorganization of States

    • After independence, India faced the challenge of forming states based on language.
    • In 1953, Andhra Pradesh was formed for Telugu speakers, sparked by the satyagraha of Potti Sriramalu, a freedom fighter.
    • The States Reorganization Act of 1956, based on the recommendations of the Fazl Ali Commission, created 14 states and 6 union territories.
    • Further reorganizations resulted in 28 states and 8 union territories, including Delhi.

    The Indian Economy Post Independence

    • India adopted a mixed economic model after independence, emphasizing the role of the public sector.
    • The Planning Commission was established in 1950, with Jawaharlal Nehru as its chairman.
    • The Five-Year Plans, starting in 1951, aimed to achieve economic growth, poverty reduction, agricultural development, education, industrial progress, and energy generation.
    • The Soviet Union provided assistance to establish iron and steel industries, including Bhilai, Bokaro, and Rourkela.

    Key Figures in Indian Development

    • Jawaharlal Nehru: Prime Minister of India, key figure in the Planning Commission and economic development.
    • Potti Sriramalu: Freedom fighter who led a satyagraha for the formation of Andhra Pradesh.
    • Fazl Ali: Chairman of the States Reorganization Commission.
    • K.M. Panikkar & H.N. Kunzru: Members of the States Reorganization Commission.
    • Gulzarilal Nanda: Vice Chairman of the Planning Commission.
    • T.T. Krishnamachari & C.D. Deshmukh: Members of the Planning Commission.

    Science and Technology in Independent India

    • The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), were established to promote research.
    • Homi Jahangir Bhabha: Prominent figure in scientific research, credited with founding the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and the Indian Atomic Energy Commission.
    • S.N. Bhatnagar: Key figure in scientific research and instrumental in the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).

    Space Research in India

    • The Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) was established in 1962, with Vikram Sarabhai as a key advisor.
    • The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was formed in 1969.
    • The first rocket-launching station was set up in Thumba, Kerala.
    • India successfully launched Aryabhatta, its first satellite, in 1975.
    • Prominent space agencies in India include the National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) and the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL).

    Key Figures in Space Research

    • Vikram Sarabhai: Pioneer in space research, founded the Physical Research Laboratory in Ahmedabad and the Space Research Centre in Thumba.
    • Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: Renowned scientist, known as the "Missile Man of India," and eleventh President of India.
    • Dr. Raja Ramanna: Prominent scientist who contributed to missile technology, including the Agni and Prithwi missiles

    Key Space Missions and Achievements

    • Chandrayaan: India's first lunar mission, launched in 2008.
    • Mangalyaan: India's mission to Mars, demonstrating the nation's capabilities in space exploration.

    Education in Independent India

    • Dr. D.S. Kothari: Prominent figure in Indian education, chaired the Commission for the comprehensive study of education in independent India.
    • The Radhakrishnan Commission (1948) focused on university education, recommending the establishment of professional institutions, emphasis on women's education, and the creation of the University Grants Commission (UGC).
    • The Lakshmana Swami Mudaliar Commission (1952) focused on secondary education, recommending the implementation of a three-language formula.
    • The Kothari Commission (1964) aimed to create a national pattern of education, recommending the establishment of multi-purpose schools, a council for teacher training, the 10+2+3 pattern of education, vocational education, and value education at the secondary level.
    • The National Policy on Education, formulated in 1986, aimed to prepare India for the 21st century, focusing on primary education, Operation Blackboard for universalizing primary education, Navodaya Vidyalayas, and girls' education.
    • Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: First Education Minister of independent India, key figure in shaping national education policy.

    Cultural Achievements

    • Independent India saw the establishment of numerous cultural institutions to promote Indian culture domestically and internationally, including:
    • Sangit Natak Akademi: (National Academy of Dance, Drama, and Music) in New Delhi, promotes dance, drama, and music in India.
    • Lalit Kala Akademi: in New Delhi, promotes Indian visual arts.
    • Sahitya Akademi: in New Delhi, promotes Indian literature.
    • National School of Drama: in New Delhi, conducts national drama festivals.
    • National Book Trust of India: in New Delhi, promotes affordable books and encourages reading habits.

    Foreign Policy of Independent India

    • Jawaharlal Nehru: The architect of India's foreign policy, emphasizing peaceful coexistence and resisting colonialism, racism, and imperialism.
    • Panchsheel Principles: Agreement signed by India and China in 1954, consisting of:
      • Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty.
      • Mutual non-aggression.
      • Mutual non-interference in each other's internal affairs.
      • Equality and cooperation for mutual benefit.
      • Peaceful co-existence.
    • Non-Alignment Movement: India played a crucial role in its formation, promoting an independent stance in international affairs.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key aspects of the Constitution of India, its implementation, and the linguistic reorganization of states post-independence. Learn about significant events such as the drafting of the Constitution, the formation of states based on language, and the evolution of India's political framework. Test your knowledge on India's journey to becoming a republic and the economic changes thereafter.

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