SOCIAL STUDIES CLASS 4 PEOPLE OF INDIA

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the total number of people living in a country?

  • Habitat
  • Community
  • Density
  • Population (correct)

Which of the following factors makes people prefer living in the northern plains of India?

  • Extreme climate
  • Flat agricultural land (correct)
  • Rocky terrain
  • Infertile soil

How many languages are officially recognized by the Constitution of India?

  • 28
  • 22 (correct)
  • 18
  • 15

Which of these languages is typically written from right to left?

<p>Urdu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the set of letters in which a language is written?

<p>Script (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which national festival is celebrated on January 26th?

<p>Republic Day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On what date is Independence Day celebrated in India?

<p>15 August (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Whose birthday is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti?

<p>Mahatma Gandhi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a harvest festival celebrated in Tamil Nadu?

<p>Pongal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which harvest festival is mainly celebrated in Punjab?

<p>Baisakhi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

People who do not eat meat products are called?

<p>Vegetarians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food items are generally eaten by people in the northern states of India?

<p>Wheat and rice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following oils is commonly used for cooking in India?

<p>Ghee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of India are spices least used in food preparation?

<p>North-eastern states (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following dishes is a popular food in Bihar?

<p>Litti-chokha (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes least to the sparse population in mountainous regions compared to the northern plains?

<p>Equal distribution of water resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering India's linguistic diversity, what is the significance of recognizing 22 languages by the Constitution?

<p>It acknowledges and protects a significant portion of the country's linguistic heritage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a language in India is written from right to left, which other language follows the similar pattern?

<p>Sindhi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do national festivals in India contribute to the country's identity?

<p>They reinforce a sense of shared history and national pride. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a commonality between Baisakhi, Bihu and Pongal festivals?

<p>They are harvest festivals celebrating the bounty of the season. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do central and state governments organize special festivals?

<p>To attract tourists and boost the state's economy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If someone primarily consumes grains, pulses, vegetables, and fruits, how would they typically be described regarding their dietary habits?

<p>Vegetarian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do geographical factors primarily influence the food habits of people in different regions of India?

<p>By influencing what foodgrains, vegetables, and fruits can be grown. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering regional food preferences, what staple food is least likely to be a primary part of the diet in the southern states of India?

<p>Wheat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the use of spices in Indian cuisine across different regions?

<p>Southern India food preparation relies significantly on spices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tourist is planning a culinary trip to taste 'litti-chokha'. Which state should they visit?

<p>Bihar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the diversity of landforms and climate across India contribute to the variety of food and diet?

<p>It allows for the cultivation of different crops and vegetables, leading to varied food habits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate inference about the population distribution in India based on the provided information?

<p>Coastal and northern plains have higher population densities due to favorable conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best explains the relationship between the Constitution of India and the languages spoken in the country?

<p>The Constitution recognizes 22 languages, acknowledging the country's linguistic diversity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of celebrating national festivals like Republic Day and Independence Day in India?

<p>To commemorate significant national events and foster a sense of unity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The population of India is evenly distributed throughout the country.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are 22 languages officially recognized by the Constitution of India.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hindi and English are the only official languages of India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Republic Day is celebrated on January 26th to commemorate India achieving independence.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated on October 2nd as the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diwali is exclusively a harvest festival celebrated in Northern India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Baisakhi is a harvest festival celebrated in Assam.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Tulip Festival is a special festival organized in Jammu & Kashmir to attract tourists.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vegetarians consume meat, fish and eggs along with vegetables.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the eastern and southern states of India, rice is a staple food.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

India's population is evenly distributed, with all states having roughly the same number of residents.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hindi and Sanskrit are the official languages of India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Republic Day commemorates the day India gained independence from British rule.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diwali is exclusively celebrated by people of the Hindu faith in India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Baisakhi and Bihu are harvest festivals celebrated primarily in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, respectively.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Tulip Festival in Jammu & Kashmir, the Desert Festival of Rajasthan, the Konark Festival of Odisha, the Taj Mahotsav of Uttar Pradesh, the Rann Utsav of Gujarat and the Hornbill Festival of Nagaland are religious festivals of India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-vegetarians in India consume only plant-based foods like grains, pulses, and vegetables.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the northern states of India, rice is the most commonly consumed staple food.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mustard oil is exclusively used for cooking in all regions of India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The total number of people that live in a country is called the ______ of that country.

<p>population</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is widely spoken in the northern states of India.

<p>Hindi</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] and English are the official languages of India.

<p>Hindi</p> Signup and view all the answers

Republic Day is celebrated on January ______.

<p>26</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Independence Day is celebrated on 15 ______.

<p>August</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is celebrated on 2 October, as it is the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi.

<p>Gandhi Jayanti</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] festivals are celebrated to remember some important national events.

<p>National</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] festivals are related to different religions.

<p>Religious</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] festivals are celebrated when the crops have been cut.

<p>Harvest</p> Signup and view all the answers

People who eat only foodgrains, pulses, vegetables and fruits are called ______.

<p>vegetarians</p> Signup and view all the answers

The total number of people living in a country is called its ______.

<p>population</p> Signup and view all the answers

Areas with flat agricultural land, fertile soil, and moderate climate tend to have a higher ______ density.

<p>population</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Constitution of India, there are ______ recognized languages.

<p>22</p> Signup and view all the answers

Republic Day, Independence Day, and Gandhi Jayanti are celebrated as ______ festivals in India.

<p>national</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is celebrated on January 26th to commemorate India becoming a republic.

<p>Republic Day</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diwali, Christmas, and Gurupurav are examples of ______ festivals celebrated in India.

<p>religious</p> Signup and view all the answers

Festivals like Baisakhi, Bihu, and Pongal are celebrated as ______ festivals in different parts of India.

<p>harvest</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Tulip Festival of Jammu & Kashmir and the Desert Festival of Rajasthan are organized to attract ______.

<p>tourists</p> Signup and view all the answers

People who abstain from eating meat products are known as ______.

<p>vegetarians</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current estimated population of India?

<p>more than 1.40 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state in India has the largest population?

<p>Uttar Pradesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the official languages of India.

<p>Hindi and English</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to a set of letters in which language is written?

<p>Script</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the national festivals which are celebrated in India.

<p>Republic Day, Independence Day, and Gandhi Jayanti</p> Signup and view all the answers

On which date is Republic Day celebrated in India?

<p>26 January</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of a religious festival in India.

<p>Diwali or Christmas or Gurupurav or Buddha Purnima or Mahavir Jayanti or Navroz</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a popular harvest festival celebrated across India.

<p>Makar Sankranti</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of a harvest festival celebrated in Punjab.

<p>Baisakhi</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are people called who don't eat meat products?

<p>Vegetarians</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a popular refreshment drink in India.

<p>Masala chai, kahwa, buttermilk, aam panna, lassi or coconut water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a sweet dish popular in India.

<p>shrikhand, kulfi, payasam, gajar ka halwa, rasgulla or khapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why the northern plains of India are more densely populated compared to the mountain regions.

<p>The northern plains have flat agricultural land, fertile soil, a moderate climate, and readily available water, making them ideal for settlement and agriculture. Mountain regions lack these advantages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Constitution of India promote linguistic diversity?

<p>The Constitution recognizes 22 official languages, supporting regional identities and cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the significance of Republic Day in India.

<p>Republic Day, celebrated on January 26th, marks the date in 1950 when India's Constitution came into effect, and the country officially became a republic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes harvest festivals from religious festivals in India? Give one example of each.

<p>Harvest festivals celebrate the harvesting of crops, like Baisakhi in Punjab, while religious festivals are associated with different religions, such as Diwali.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how landforms and climate influence the food habits of people in India.

<p>Different landforms and climates allow for the cultivation of various foodgrains, vegetables, and fruits, leading to regional variations in diets. For instance, rice is common in coastal areas, while wheat is more prevalent in northern states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are spices widely used in Indian cuisine, and in which region is this practice less common?

<p>Spices are used to make food tasty and colorful. This practice is less common in the north-eastern states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of special festivals like the Tulip Festival or Rann Utsav in promoting tourism?

<p>Special festivals are organized by central and state governments to attract tourists, showcasing the unique culture, traditions, and landscapes of a region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you were to travel across India, what variations in staple foods might you observe from North to South?

<p>In the North, wheat and rice are common staples, while in the South, rice is predominantly consumed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Contrast the diets of vegetarians and non-vegetarians in India.

<p>Vegetarians consume only foodgrains, pulses, vegetables, and fruits, while non-vegetarians also eat eggs, fish, and meat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the geographical diversity of India contribute to its rich linguistic heritage?

<p>The diverse landscapes and regions have fostered the development of distinct languages and dialects, contributing to the 22 languages recognized by the Constitution, as well as many other spoken languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the celebration of Gandhi Jayanti goes beyond just commemorating Mahatma Gandhi's birthday.

<p>Besides celebrating his birthday, Gandhi Jayanti promotes his teachings and philosophies of non-violence, peace, and social justice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how Makar Sankranti, though celebrated nationwide, reflects regional diversity in its observance.

<p>While kite flying and feasting are common, the specific traditions, sweets, and rituals vary from state to state, reflecting local customs and harvest practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cooking oils used in Indian cuisine showcase the agricultural diversity of the country?

<p>The variety of oils used, such as coconut, groundnut, sesame, sunflower, and rice bran oils, come from different crops grown in different regions of India, reflecting the agricultural produce of those areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the distribution of population in India, what challenges do states with lower population densities face compared to more populous states?

<p>States with lower population densities may face challenges in infrastructure development, access to services, and economic growth due to a smaller workforce and consumer base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person knows only Hindi, in which parts of India would they be able to communicate most effectively and why?

<p>Hindi is widely spoken in the northern states of India, so a person would be able to communicate most effectively in that region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Population

The total number of people living in a country.

India's Population

India's current population exceeds 1.40 billion.

Preferred living conditions

Flat agricultural land, fertile soil, moderate climate and water availability

Official Languages of India

There are 22 languages recognized by the Constitution of India.

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India's Official Languages

Hindi and English.

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Script

A set of letters in which a language is written.

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National Festivals

Festivals celebrated to remember important national events.

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Three National Festivals

Republic Day, Independence Day, and Gandhi Jayanti.

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Religious Festivals

Festivals related to different religions.

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Harvest Festivals

Festivals celebrated after the crops have been cut.

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Special Festivals definition

Central and state governments organise to attract tourists.

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Vegetarians

People who do not eat meat products.

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Non-Vegetarians

People eat eggs, fish and meat along with vegetables

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Punjab's Popular Foods

Popular foods include makke ki roti and sarson ka saag.

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Rajasthan's Popular Foods

Popular dishes Dal-Baati Choorma.

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India's Diversity

A country with diverse landforms, climate, soil, natural vegetation, and crops, leading to varied lifestyles in its people.

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Uttar Pradesh

A state in India with the highest population.

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Sikkim

A state in India with the least population.

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Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Urdu

Languages written from right to left.

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Republic Day

Celebrated on January 26th to commemorate India becoming a republic in 1950.

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Independence Day

Celebrated on August 15th, marking India's independence in 1947.

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Gandhi Jayanti

Observed on October 2nd, on Mahatma Gandhi's birthday.

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Makar Sankranti

A popular harvest festival celebrated across India, marked by kite flying and feasting.

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Bihu

A harvest festival celebrated in Assam.

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Pongal

Harvest festival celebrated in Tamil Nadu.

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Onam

A harvest festival celebrated in Kerala.

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Litti-Chokha

A popular food in Bihar, made from wheat flour and sattu.

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Ghee and Mustard Oil

Oils commonly used for cooking in India.

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Spices

Adds taste and color to Indian dishes. The North-eastern states use this less.

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Gajar ka Halwa

A popular sweet dish made from carrots.

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Baisakhi

Celebrated in Punjab as a harvest festival

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Wangala

Celebrated as a harvest festival in Meghalaya

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Tulip Festival

Held in Jammu & Kashmir to showcase tulips

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Desert Festival

Organized in Rajasthan to display the desert culture

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Konark Festival

Celebrated in Odisha, showcasing classical dance

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Taj Mahotsav

Held in Uttar Pradesh, showcasing art and culture

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Rann Utsav

Celebrated in Gujarat, displays Rann's landscape

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Hornbill Festival

Held in Nagaland; showcases tribal culture and dances

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Shrikhand

Sweet dish made from thickened milk in Gujarat

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Kulfi

South Asian frozen dairy dessert

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Payasam

Indian rice pudding

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Rasgulla

Sweet dish made from milk-solid

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Khapse

Tibetan fried cookie

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Masala Chai

A spicy tea beverage, simmered in milk and water with aromatic herbs and spices.

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Kahwa

Traditional green tea beverage made in Kashmir

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Lassi

A popular North Indian yogurt-based drink

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Aam Panna

A drink made from raw mangoes

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Buttermilk

A popular refreshment drink in India that is often yogurt-based.

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Regional Language

The official language of a state, which typically corresponds to the region.

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Nabanna

Celebrated in West Bengal as a Harvest festival

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Gudi Padwa

A festival in Maharashtra celebrating the new year.

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Rice-Eating Regions

States where rice is a dietary staple.

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Popular Cooking Oils

Coconut, groundnut, sesame, sunflower and rice bran oils.

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Northern States Food

Wheat and rice are commonly consumed.

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Western & Central States Food

Wheat, jowar, and bajra are commonly consumed.

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Preferred Living Areas

Areas include the northern and coastal plains.

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Population Distribution Factors

Areas with flat agricultural land, fertile soil, moderate climate, and water availability tend to have higher population densities.

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Hindi Language

Widely spoken in the northern states of India, serving as a common means of communication.

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Buttermilk Drink

People enjoy this drink in India. Made from yogurt, it is known for its cooling properties.

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Common Indian Accompaniments

Dal, pickles, and chutneys are eaten with foodgrains throughout India.

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Seafood Consumption

Seafood is a common part of the diet in areas near the coast.

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Uneven Population Distribution

India's population is unevenly distributed, influenced by geographical features like flatlands and mountains.

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Additional Languages of India

Languages spoken by people but not in the 22 recognized by the Constitution of India.

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Republic Day Date

26th January, marks the date India became a republic in 1950.

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Independence Day Date

15th August, marks India becoming an independent country in 1947.

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Gandhi Jayanti Date

October 2nd, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi.

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Coconut Water

Coconut water, a refreshing drink popular in India.

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Study Notes

  • India has varied landforms, climates, soils, natural vegetation, and crops.
  • This diversity results in different lifestyles, including variations in language, festivals, and food habits.

Population

  • Population is the total number of people living in a country
  • India has a population of over 1.40 billion.
  • India is the most populous country globally.
  • Population distribution is uneven, with higher concentrations in plains compared to mountains.
  • Uttar Pradesh has the highest population.
  • Sikkim has the lowest population.
  • Flat agricultural land, fertile soil, moderate climate, and water availability influence population distribution.
  • Northern and coastal plains are more populated than mountains, hills, plateaus, and deserts.

Languages

  • The Constitution of India recognizes 22 languages.
  • These languages include Assamese, Bangla, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
  • Many other languages are spoken in the country besides the 22 recognized ones.
  • Hindi is widely spoken in northern states.
  • Hindi and English are the official languages of India.
  • States often have their own official language, typically the regional language.
  • Most languages are written from left to right.
  • Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Urdu are written from right to left.
  • A script is a set of letters used to write a language
  • Each language uses a set of letters in which it is written, also known as a script.

Festivals

  • India celebrates many festivals.
  • Festivals can be grouped into four categories.

National Festivals

  • National festivals commemorate important national events
  • Three national festivals are celebrated annually: Republic Day, Independence Day, and Gandhi Jayanti.
  • Republic Day is celebrated on January 26, marking India's establishment as a republic in 1950.
  • Independence Day is celebrated on August 15, commemorating India's independence in 1947
  • Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated on October 2, honoring the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, born in 1869 in Gujarat.

Religious Festivals

  • Religious festivals are associated with different religions.
  • Examples include Diwali, Christmas, Gurupurav, Buddha Purnima, Mahavir Jayanti, and Navroz.
  • People in India celebrate all festivals regardless of their religion.

Harvest Festivals

  • Harvest festivals celebrate the harvesting of crops.
  • Makar Sankranti is a popular harvest festival celebrated across India, featuring kite flying and feasting.
  • Baisakhi in Punjab, Bihu in Assam, Wangala in Meghalaya, Nabanna in West Bengal, Pongal in Tamil Nadu, Onam in Kerala, and Gudi Padwa in Maharashtra are harvest festivals celebrated in different states.
  • Kite flying and feasting are integral to Makar Sankranti celebration.

Special Festivals

  • Special festivals are organized by central and state governments to attract tourists.
  • Examples include the Tulip Festival of Jammu & Kashmir, the Desert Festival of Rajasthan, the Konark Festival of Odisha, the Taj Mahotsav of Uttar Pradesh, the Rann Utsav of Gujarat, and the Hornbill Festival of Nagaland.

Food Habits

  • Differences in landforms and climate lead to different types of foodgrains, vegetables, and fruits being grown.
  • Food habits vary across the country.
  • Vegetarians abstain from meat products and consume foodgrains, pulses, vegetables, and fruits.
  • Non-vegetarians eat eggs, fish, and meat along with vegetables.
  • In northern states, wheat and rice are commonly eaten.
  • In western and central states, wheat, jowar, and bajra are consumed.
  • In eastern, north-eastern, and southern states, rice is a staple.
  • Dal, pickles, and chutneys are eaten with foodgrains throughout the country.
  • Seafood is commonly eaten in coastal areas.
  • Popular foods include makke ki roti and sarson ka saag in Punjab, dal-baati choorma in Rajasthan, and litti-chokha in Bihar.

Cooking

  • Oil is used to cook food, with ghee and mustard oil being popular choices.
  • Coconut, groundnut, sesame, sunflower, and rice bran oils are also used.
  • Spices are widely used in Indian food to add taste and color.
  • North-eastern states use fewer spices.

Sweets and Drinks

  • A variety of sweet dishes are prepared in India, including shrikhand, kulfi, payasam, gajar ka halwa, rasgulla, and khapse.
  • Popular refreshment drinks include masala chai, kahwa, buttermilk, aam panna, lassi, and coconut water.

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