India: Geography and Climate

Geography and Climate

• Location: South Asia, bordered by Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar
• Area: 3,287,590 km² (1,269,219 sq mi), 7th largest country in the world
• Terrain: Varied, with mountains, plateaus, and coastal plains
• Climate: Diverse, ranging from tropical to subtropical, temperate, and alpine

Population and Language

• Population: Over 1.38 billion people, 2nd most populous country in the world
• Languages: Official languages are Hindi and English, with 22 officially recognized languages
• Ethnic groups: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, and Austro-Asiatic communities

History

• Ancient India: Indus Valley Civilization (3300-1300 BCE), Mauryan Empire (322-185 BCE), Gupta Empire (320-550 CE)
• Medieval India: Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 CE), Mughal Empire (1526-1756 CE)
• British India: Colonized by the British East India Company (1612-1757 CE), Indian Rebellion of 1857
• Independence: August 15, 1947, from British colonial rule

Economy

• 3rd largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP)
• Diverse economy: services, industry, and agriculture sectors
• Major industries: textiles, pharmaceuticals, software, and automobiles
• Member of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and G20 economies

Government and Politics

• Federal parliamentary democratic republic
• President as head of state, Prime Minister as head of government
• Bicameral Parliament: Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
• Major political parties: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), and others

Geography and Climate

• India is located in South Asia, bordering Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar
• It has a total area of 3,287,590 km² (1,269,219 sq mi), making it the 7th largest country in the world
• The country's terrain is varied, consisting of mountains, plateaus, and coastal plains
• India's climate is diverse, ranging from tropical to subtropical, temperate, and alpine

Population and Language

• India has a massive population of over 1.38 billion people, making it the 2nd most populous country in the world
• The official languages of India are Hindi and English, with 22 officially recognized languages
• The country is home to various ethnic groups, including Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, and Austro-Asiatic communities

History

• The Indus Valley Civilization, which existed from 3300-1300 BCE, was one of the earliest civilizations in India
• The Mauryan Empire, which ruled from 322-185 BCE, was another significant ancient empire in India
• The Gupta Empire, which ruled from 320-550 CE, was a major empire in ancient India
• The Delhi Sultanate, which ruled from 1206-1526 CE, marked the beginning of Islamic rule in India
• The Mughal Empire, which ruled from 1526-1756 CE, was a significant Islamic empire in India
• The British East India Company colonized India from 1612-1757 CE
• The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising against British colonial rule
• India gained independence from British colonial rule on August 15, 1947

Economy

• India has the 3rd largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP)
• The country has a diverse economy, comprising services, industry, and agriculture sectors
• Major industries in India include textiles, pharmaceuticals, software, and automobiles
• India is a member of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and G20 economies

Government and Politics

• India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic
• The President serves as the head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government
• The country has a bicameral Parliament, consisting of the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
• Major political parties in India include the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), and others

Learn about India's location, area, terrain, and diverse climate types. Also, explore its population and official languages.