India: Events Post-1960

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Questions and Answers

What was a significant internal conflict mentioned in India during the late 20th century?

The Maratha rebellion

The Sikh separatist movement (correct)

The Telangana movement

The Naxalite movement

Which Prime Minister initiated economic reforms in India that included liberalization policies?

P.V. Narasimha Rao (correct)

Rajiv Gandhi

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Indira Gandhi

What event in 1984 significantly impacted Indian politics?

The launch of the Green Revolution

The declaration of Emergency

The assassination of Indira Gandhi (correct)

The assassination of Mahatma Gandhi

What term is used to describe the economic policies initiated by Narasimha Rao's government?

Economic liberalization Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Planning Commission established after India's independence?

Industrialization and poverty elimination Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events marked India's declaration as an atomic power?

India's nuclear tests in 1998 Signup and view all the answers

Which war between India and Pakistan was primarily over the Kashmir issue?

War of 1965 Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the father of the Green Revolution in India?

Dr. M. S. Swaminathan Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did Indira Gandhi implement during her tenure as Prime Minister?

Nationalization of banks Signup and view all the answers

Who succeeded Jawaharlal Nehru as Prime Minister of India?

Lal Bahadur Shastri Signup and view all the answers

What slogan did Lal Bahadur Shastri promote to emphasize the importance of Indian soldiers and farmers?

Jai Jawan Jai Kisan Signup and view all the answers

Which territory was liberated from Portuguese rule and incorporated into India during the 1960s?

Goa Signup and view all the answers

What was the main cause of the refugee crisis in India during Indira Gandhi's tenure?

Oppressive policies in East Pakistan Signup and view all the answers

Which line defined the border dispute and conflict between India and China in 1962?

MacMahon Line Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred during the 1991 election campaign?

The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main causes for the unrest in Jammu and Kashmir in the late 1980s?

Escalation of terrorist activities. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a Prime Minister of India between 1996 and 1999?

Chandra Shekhar. Signup and view all the answers

Which economic policy initiated in 1991 significantly affected the Indian economy?

Economic Liberalization. Signup and view all the answers

What characterized India’s economy from independence?

Economic self-sufficiency and social justice. Signup and view all the answers

What major action did India take in 1998 regarding its defense capabilities?

Conducted nuclear tests. Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Kargil War in 1999?

India emerged victorious. Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the father of self-reliant agriculture in India?

Dr. M.S. Swaminathan. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of the Green Revolution in India?

To implement scientific agricultural techniques Signup and view all the answers

Which commission was established to improve conditions for backward classes in India?

Kakaosaheb Kalelkar Commission Signup and view all the answers

Which act was passed in 1989 to protect the rights of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes?

The Prevention of Atrocities Act Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant outcomes of the White Revolution led by Dr. Verghese Kurien?

Increase in dairy production Signup and view all the answers

What was India's first satellite, launched in 1975?

Aryabhatta Signup and view all the answers

Which area did not see significant change due to globalization in India?

Traditional farming practices Signup and view all the answers

The Department of Women and Child Development was established in which year?

1985 Signup and view all the answers

Which international organization is India not a member of?

NATO Signup and view all the answers

What did the Equal Remuneration Act aim to address?

Gender pay disparity Signup and view all the answers

Which area experienced significant advancement due to globalization in India?

Telecommunication technology Signup and view all the answers

What significant event took place in 1974 regarding India's atomic energy policy?

India conducted its first underground nuclear test. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason behind the declaration of National Emergency in India in 1975?

Political instability and civil unrest. Signup and view all the answers

Which party defeated Indira Gandhi's Congress party in the 1977 general elections?

Janata Party. Signup and view all the answers

What led to Indira Gandhi's assassination in 1984?

Her decision to send the army into the Golden Temple. Signup and view all the answers

What was Rajiv Gandhi's notable action regarding the Tamil minority in Sri Lanka?

He promoted the idea of a united Sri Lanka with autonomy. Signup and view all the answers

What major movement took place in Punjab during the 1980s?

The Khalistan movement. Signup and view all the answers

Who became Prime Minister after Rajiv Gandhi's assassination?

P.V. Narasimha Rao. Signup and view all the answers

What was a major political change in India after the elections of 1989?

The rise of regional parties in power. Signup and view all the answers

Which policy is Vishwanath Pratap Singh most associated with during his tenure as Prime Minister?

Reservation for other backward classes (OBC). Signup and view all the answers

What historical global event coincided with significant changes in India's economic policies in the early 1990s?

The disintegration of Soviet Russia. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

India: Events after 1960

1960s

India became a sovereign democratic nation with a constitution in 1950, fostering a multicultural environment.
The Planning Commission was established to promote industrialization, economic development, and poverty alleviation.
Significant tensions existed with China, culminating in the 1962 Sino-Indian War over the disputed MacMahon line.
Jawaharlal Nehru, as a prominent leader, shaped India’s foreign policy and drove social and economic initiatives until his death in 1964.
Lal Bahadur Shastri succeeded Nehru and emphasized the slogan "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan," advocating for soldiers and farmers.
The 1965 Indo-Pakistani War over Kashmir drew international attention, with the Soviet Union mediating attempts for peace.
Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, implementing significant reforms, including bank nationalization.

1970s

The 1971 Indo-Pakistani War led to the independence of Bangladesh.
India conducted a successful underground nuclear test in 1974 at Pokharan, advancing its atomic energy agenda.
The emergency state declared in 1975 led to a suspension of fundamental rights and increased governmental control.
Post-emergency elections in 1977 resulted in a Janata Party victory against the Congress Party.

1980s

The decade saw rising tensions as the Sikh separatist movement gained momentum in Punjab, facing support from Pakistan.
Indira Gandhi was assassinated in 1984 by her own bodyguards in retaliation for military operations at the Golden Temple.
Rajiv Gandhi succeeded her and pushed for economic reforms, engaging with Tamil issues in Sri Lanka, with mixed results.
The end of the 1980s witnessed a growing insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir, leading to significant displacement of the Kashmiri Pandit community.
In 1989, Vishwanath Pratap Singh introduced reservations for OBCs but faced internal party conflicts, leading to subsequent unstable governments.

1990s

1991 marked heightened geopolitical change with the Soviet Union's collapse, prompting economic reforms under Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao.
India embraced economic liberalization, spurring foreign investments and growth in the information technology sphere.
Notable internal conflicts included the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi in 1991 and increasing unrest in Kashmir.
The 1996-1999 period saw a lack of political majority, with multiple prime ministers including Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who later led the National Democratic Alliance to power in 1999.

Economic Reforms and Growth

Economic policies post-independence focused on modernization, self-sufficiency, and social justice, managed through the National Planning Commission and Five-Year Plans.
Major economic liberalization initiatives post-1991 transformed the Indian economy, facilitating globalization and technological advancements.
India declared its nuclear capability in 1998, asserting itself as an atomic power during regional conflicts, particularly the Kargil War.

The Green Revolution initiated in 1965 enhanced food grain production through scientific agriculture and co-operative movements.
Advances in atomic energy were spearheaded by Dr. Homi Bhabha, while space achievements included the launch of Aryabhatta in 1975.
Women's empowerment and social reforms were pronounced, with policies addressing dowry, equal remuneration, and women's representation in governance.
The caste system faced scrutiny, leading to affirmative actions and legal frameworks promoting dignity and opportunities for marginalized communities.

Globalization and Modernization

Globalization has transformed India's economy, politics, and society, integrating it into global forums like G-20 and BRICS.
Telecommunications advancements revolutionized communication infrastructure, fostering widespread internet and mobile access.
India's democratic stability served as a model for governance, influencing lifestyle changes among its youth, including diet, fashion, and cultural perceptions.

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Description

This quiz explores significant events and developments in India after 1960, highlighting the country's journey through political, economic, and social changes. Dive into India's multicultural society and the establishment of key institutions aimed at development. Test your knowledge on how India has faced and addressed various challenges since independence.