India AI Mission and Global Partnerships
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary theme of the India GlobalAI summit?

  • Advancing AI development (correct)
  • Promoting electric vehicles
  • Enhancing data privacy
  • Improving healthcare systems

    • How much is India planning to invest in GPUs under the India AI Mission?

  • Rs. 15,000 crores
  • Rs. 10,000 crores (correct)
  • Rs. 20,000 crores
  • Rs. 5,000 crores

    • Which organization is India partnering with to strengthen international cooperation in AI?

  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (correct)
  • United Nations (UN)
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF)

    • What is the total outlay of the INDIAai Mission?

    <p>Rs. 10,372 crores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GPAI stand for?

    <p>Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As of 2024, which country will India serve as the lead chair for GPAI?

    <p>India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the trade-offs India accepted in its negotiation regarding GPAI?

    <p>OECD maintaining Secretariat's leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much funding has been set aside to support Indian startups under the INDIAai Mission?

    <p>Rs. 2,000 crores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Alan Turing's role at Bletchley Park?

    <p>He led Hut 8, focusing on German naval cryptanalysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prestigious award is considered the highest distinction in computer science?

    <p>The ACM A.M. Turing Award</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant legislative measure was referred to as the "Alan Turing law"?

    <p>A law retroactively pardoning men convicted under laws against homosexual acts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution awarded the first A.M. Turing Award in 1966?

    <p>The Association for Computing Machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Queen Elizabeth II grant a pardon to Alan Turing?

    <p>2013</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the first chatbot, ELIZA?

    <p>Joseph Weizenbaum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the AI Act?

    <p>To support the development of trustworthy AI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What penalty can companies face for breaching the AI Act?

    <p>€35 million or 7% of global revenue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is BharatGen aimed at achieving?

    <p>Making generative AI available in various Indian languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about generative AI is correct?

    <p>It creates new content by analyzing existing data patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary technology behind generative AI?

    <p>Deep Learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)?

    <p>Used solely for natural language processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the AI Innovation Package in relation to the AI Act?

    <p>To incentivize research and innovation in AI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the function of a Large Language Model in text generative AI?

    <p>It predicts and generates sequences of text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first AI city in India?

    <p>Lucknow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of machine learning model is primarily used in generative text AI?

    <p>General-purpose Transformers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of AI does the Regulatory Framework specifically address?

    <p>Risk levels associated with AI systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the significance of the ChatGPT release?

    <p>It was a pivotal moment for public access to advanced Generative AI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of BharatGen's foundational models?

    <p>They are open-source to promote accessibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Bhashini initiative?

    <p>To develop a national digital public platform for universal access to content in all Indian languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Bhasha Daan?

    <p>To crowdsource language inputs for creating large datasets for AI models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization announced the launch of the Olympic AI Agenda?

    <p>International Olympic Committee (IOC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiative aims to create an open-source repository for Indian languages?

    <p>Project Bhashini</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What model has Sarvam AI launched in multiple Indic languages?

    <p>Sarvam 2B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which AI-powered system was the first to drive a car without human intervention?

    <p>Waymo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the first chatbot, ELIZA?

    <p>Joseph Weizenbaum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event will showcase the first implementation of the Olympic AI Agenda?

    <p>Paris Games</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'uncanny valley' refer to?

    <p>Human-like robots that cause discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which AI system was the first to compose a symphony?

    <p>AIVA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of the Coalition for Responsible Evolution of AI (CoRE-AI)?

    <p>To unite various stakeholders for responsible AI progress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first AI-generated artwork sold at auction?

    <p>Edmond de Belamy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Project Bhashini?

    <p>To develop multilingual AI applications for Indian languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the California Deepfake Bill AB 2655?

    <p>It mandates the labeling or removal of election-related deepfakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which provision of the Indian legal system addresses impersonation using technology?

    <p>Section 66D of the Information Technology Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of penalties can tech companies in the European Union face for non-compliance with the Code of Practice on Disinformation?

    <p>Up to 6% of annual global turnover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization was established to counter fake news and misinformation in India?

    <p>The Fact Check Unit under PIB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Blockchain Technology contribute to AI authenticity?

    <p>Through its immutable record of digital asset ownership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required by Bill AB 2839 concerning AI-generated election advertisements?

    <p>They must include a disclaimer about AI use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country has introduced comprehensive regulation on deep synthesis as of January 2023?

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of personality rights in India, which legal statute primarily relates to the protection of one's image?

    <p>Article 21 of the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Bletchley Park Declaration at the AI Safety Summit 2023?

    <p>To agree on global actions addressing AI risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which AI technology is responsible for the creation of deepfakes?

    <p>Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the bipartisan Deepfake Task Force Act aim to support in the United States?

    <p>The Department of Homeland Security’s efforts against deepfakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major technological innovation did Ian Goodfellow introduce in 2014?

    <p>Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of watermarking techniques in AI-generated content?

    <p>To establish authenticity and ownership of the content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Scarlett Johansson claim regarding OpenAI's chatbot?

    <p>Its voice sounds similar to hers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was adopted during the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence Summit 2023?

    <p>New Delhi Declaration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of the AI Safety Summit 2023 held at Bletchley Park, UK?

    <p>Human-centric and trustworthy AI development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country hosted the AI Seoul Summit and contributed to an international agreement on AI safety?

    <p>South Korea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization was highlighted for its plans to enhance user experience using Generative AI capabilities?

    <p>Tencent Holdings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of India's National Language Technology Mission 'Digital India Bhashini'?

    <p>To oversee language barrier issues using AI technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major event marked the beginning of the Hiroshima AI Process?

    <p>G7 AI Summit in Hiroshima</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is NOT among the top holders of Generative AI patents?

    <p>Google</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of Generative AI patents, how does India rank compared to other countries?

    <p>Fifth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main theme discussed at the Global AI Summit 2024 in Mumbai?

    <p>AI in solving India's grand challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Emblems and Names Prevention of Improper Use Act 1950 protect?

    <p>Unauthorized use of specific dignitaries' names and symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the 2011 case Arun Jaitley v.Network Solutions, what was emphasized regarding an individual's popularity?

    <p>It remains the same online and in reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of AI was a significant point of discussion at the World Summit AI 2024 in the Netherlands?

    <p>AI ethics and governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about China's role in Generative AI is true?

    <p>China leads in the number of Generative AI patents filed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Delhi High Court's interim order in September 2023 regarding Anil Kapoor's personality rights?

    <p>His name and image cannot be used without consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AIRAWAT platform established by NITI Aayog?

    <p>To create a national cloud computing platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the emphasis of the Collide Data & AI Conference 2024?

    <p>Data management and AI-driven analytics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which declaration was made during the Montreal Summit in 2017?

    <p>Montreal Declaration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the YUVAi initiative aim to accomplish?

    <p>To educate school students about AI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization's patents make it the only research organization in the top 10 for Generative AI patents?

    <p>Chinese Academy of Sciences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which rights have been protected under the Delhi High Court's ruling regarding the misuse of actors' names, images, and voices?

    <p>Personality rights and publicity rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'New Delhi Declaration' of GPAI endorse?

    <p>The establishment of a global AI data repository</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What international agreement was opened for signing by nations regarding AI?

    <p>The First Global AI Treaty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence by the Council of Europe?

    <p>Upholding human rights and democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental principle does the AI Convention prioritize?

    <p>Human dignity and individual autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did NITI Aayog launch the YUVAi initiative?

    <p>2019</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary role of the Council of Europe when it was established?

    <p>To promote human rights and democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UN General Assembly's AI resolution focus on?

    <p>Ensuring the safe and trustworthy use of AI systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant case involving Daler Mehndi was decided in 2010?

    <p>Court upheld rights on public image control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the key pillars of the India AI Mission?

    <p>Cybersecurity Enhancements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major goal of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI)?

    <p>Bridging the gap between theoretical research and practical applications of AI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trade-off did India accept regarding the GPAI secretariat?

    <p>The secretariat remaining with the OECD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year is India set to be the lead chair of GPAI?

    <p>2024</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the funding allocated to Indian startups under the INDIAai Mission?

    <p>It directly funds startups developing indigenous AI solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant implication of India's strategic position in GPAI for non-OECD members?

    <p>A stronger influence in global AI governance discussions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main aspect does the OECD-GPAI partnership aim to enhance?

    <p>International cooperation on AI initiatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area is NOT explicitly mentioned as part of the advancements sought in AI development at the summit?

    <p>Social Media Monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Alan Turing's educational background before his contributions to computer science?

    <p>University of Cambridge for BA and MA, followed by Princeton University for PhD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following events marked a formal recognition of Alan Turing's contributions and treatment after his death?

    <p>The public apology by Prime Minister Gordon Brown in 2009</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the A.M. Turing Award within the field of computer science?

    <p>It is regarded as the highest distinction for contributions to computer science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much monetary support is associated with the A.M. Turing Award since 2014?

    <p>US$1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which legislative act refers to the historical treatment of men convicted under laws prohibiting homosexual acts in the UK?

    <p>The Alan Turing law of 2017</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of the YUVAi initiative?

    <p>To better equip school students with AI skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was the AIRAWAT cloud computing platform established?

    <p>2019</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental principle emphasizes the importance of ensuring reliability and safety in AI innovation?

    <p>Reliability and Safe Innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which case involved Daler Mehndi successfully asserting control over his public image?

    <p>D.M. Entertainment Pvt. Ltd. v. Baby Gift House</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treaty focuses on the legal framework surrounding artificial intelligence?

    <p>Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of generative AI?

    <p>It generates new content rather than curating existing content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant concern was raised by the Prime Minister of India during the GPAI Summit?

    <p>Potential misuse of deepfake technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization oversees the implementation of the AI Convention in Europe?

    <p>Council of Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following AI technologies is inspired by the structure of the human brain?

    <p>Artificial Neural Networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant role does the discriminator play in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)?

    <p>It evaluates the quality of generated data against real data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the Global Digital Public Infrastructure Repository (GDPIR)?

    <p>To share digital public goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the California Deepfake Bill AB 2655?

    <p>It requires large online platforms to either remove or label election-related deepfakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum fine that companies can face under the AI Act for non-compliance?

    <p>€35 million or 7% of global revenue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which articles of the Constitution would be violated by efforts to take away publicity rights from individuals?

    <p>Article 19 and Article 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What character or phrase was Anil Kapoor seeking to protect in a recent legal case?

    <p>Jhakaas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which initiative aims to democratize AI technologies across India by creating generative AI models in multiple languages?

    <p>BharatGen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which act in India addresses impersonation using technology?

    <p>Information Technology Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key outcome of the Bletchley Park Declaration at the AI Safety Summit 2023?

    <p>Acknowledgment of AI's intentional misuse and loss of control risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) from other types of neural networks?

    <p>They are tailored for natural language processing and text generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does NITI Aayog play in AI development in India?

    <p>As a policy advisory and strategic planning organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries has regulations effective since January 2023 specifically on deep synthesis?

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which city has been designated as the first AI city in India?

    <p>Lucknow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle seeks to ensure transparency in the development and use of AI systems?

    <p>Transparency and Oversight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization led the establishment of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI)?

    <p>OECD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the AI Act 2024?

    <p>Regulating AI providers for services within the EU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach do OpenAI and other leading technology companies use to ensure the authenticity of AI-generated content?

    <p>Watermarking techniques for AI-generated content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under India's Information Technology Rules, 2021, how quickly must misleading content be removed after a complaint?

    <p>Within 36 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a key theme during the sessions organized at the GPAI Summit?

    <p>Future of Work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the process of how GANs generate images?

    <p>The generator creates images, and the discriminator provides feedback to refine them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the AI Innovation Package seek to support?

    <p>The development of AI systems that are deemed trustworthy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which significant legislative effort was introduced to aid the U.S. Department of Homeland Security regarding deepfake technology?

    <p>The Deepfake Task Force Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of generative AI?

    <p>It can generate output across different media types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which provision under India's legal framework allows punitive action against defamatory representation?

    <p>Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology made generative AI more accessible to the public in 2022?

    <p>ChatGPT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the European Union's Code of Practice on Disinformation impose on tech companies?

    <p>An obligation to counter deep fakes and fake accounts within six months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of generative AI as outlined in the content?

    <p>It does not understand real-world objects or social relations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity (C2PA)?

    <p>To ensure the verification of audio-visual content's authenticity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the AI Act 2024, what is the significance of Article 2?

    <p>It establishes the applicability of the Act to AI providers in the EU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential penalties for tech companies in the EU that do not comply with the Code of Practice on Disinformation?

    <p>A fine of up to 6% of annual global turnover.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'personality rights' in India primarily protect?

    <p>The right to prohibit unauthorized commercial exploitation of one's likeness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Indian Digital Personal Data Protection Act?

    <p>To set guidelines for data privacy and protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which legal provision in India can lead to penalties for derogatory representation of deceased individuals?

    <p>Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of the Bhashini initiative?

    <p>To create a knowledge-based society with universal access to content in all Indian languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of participants does the Bhasha Daan initiative primarily target for crowdsourcing language inputs?

    <p>General citizens and language enthusiasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of the datasets created through the Bhasha Daan initiative?

    <p>To train AI models for various applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Bhashini motivate citizens to contribute to language development?

    <p>By providing easy tools and a crowd-sourcing platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of model has Sarvam AI launched as part of its initiative?

    <p>An open-source foundational model trained on diverse data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is responsible for the International Artificial Intelligence Olympiad?

    <p>Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is associated with the first implementation of the Olympic AI Agenda?

    <p>The 2024 Paris Olympic Games</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Coalition for Responsible Evolution of AI (CoRE-AI)?

    <p>To promote ethical AI practices among stakeholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What AI system was the first to achieve near-human language translation accuracy?

    <p>Google Translate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which AI-powered chatbot was designed to impersonate a specific demographic?

    <p>Eugene Goostman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'uncanny valley' effect in the context of robotics and AI?

    <p>The unsettling feeling elicited by human-like robots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which AI system was the first to diagnose cancer accurately?

    <p>Google Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major achievement did AlphaGo accomplish in 2016?

    <p>Defeated a human world champion at Go</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was emphasized in the 'New Delhi Declaration' adopted at the GPAI Summit 2023?

    <p>Mitigating risks and promoting equitable access to resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which summit was the 'Bletchley Declaration' made?

    <p>AI Safety Summit 2023</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was discussed at the Global AI Summit 2024 held in Mumbai?

    <p>AI's role in solving major national challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country ranks first in generative AI patent filings?

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the AI Seoul Summit co-hosted by the UK and South Korea?

    <p>To improve AI safety through international cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization ranks in the top 10 for generative AI patents alongside Tencent and Baidu?

    <p>Alibaba Group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable feature of the Bhashini initiative launched in India?

    <p>It aims to unify various AI initiatives across sectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key outcome of the G7 AI Summit held in Hiroshima in December 2023?

    <p>Beginning of the Hiroshima AI Process for AI regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patent application trend was noted in the World Intellectual Property Organisation's report on generative AI?

    <p>Surge in applications to over 50,000 globally in a decade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central focus of the AI for the Rest of Us conference in London in 2024?

    <p>Making AI accessible to non-experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which summit was the Montreal Declaration developed, and how many recommendations were included?

    <p>Montreal Declaration Event with 59 recommendations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant commitment did the AI Seoul Summit represent among its participating countries?

    <p>An international network for AI safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological advance does generative AI enable users to create?

    <p>Content including text, images, and music</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Chinese corporation aims to integrate generative AI capabilities into WeChat?

    <p>Tencent Holdings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique aspect does the AI-focused Bletchley Park Declaration advocate for?

    <p>A collaborative approach to global AI governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    India AI Mission

    • The India AI Mission aims to advance AI development in key areas like compute capacity, foundational models, datasets, application development, future skills, startup financing, and safe AI.
    • The mission plans to purchase GPUs worth Rs. 10,000 crores (roughly $1.2 billion) to develop AI applications in industrial sectors.
    • Rs. 2,000 crore (roughly 240million)fromtheINDIAaiMission′sRs10,372crore(roughly240 million) from the INDIAai Mission's Rs 10,372 crore (roughly 240million)fromtheINDIAaiMission′sRs10,372crore(roughly1.2 billion) outlay was earmarked to support Indian startups developing indigenous AI-based solutions.

    Global AI Partnerships

    • The Collaborative AI on Global Partnership (CAIGP) brought together members of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) and AI experts to address the global AI divide.
    • GPAI is a multi-stakeholder initiative with 29 participating countries, including India, and aims to close the gap between AI theory and practice.
    • India is leading the GPAI in 2024 and is convening global AI experts to discuss key issues and promote trustworthy AI.
    • Members of GPAI reached a consensus on the organization's future vision, emphasizing the transformative potential of AI while acknowledging risks and committing to human-centric AI development.
    • A new integrated partnership on AI was announced between the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and GPAI in New Delhi, strengthening international collaboration.

    EU AI Laws

    • The European Union adopted the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act, 2024) to regulate AI systems.
    • The AI Act categorizes AI systems into four risk levels: unacceptable, high-risk, limited-risk, and minimal-risk.
    • The AI Act will be fully applicable two years after entering into force on August 1st.
    • Companies could face fines up to €35 million or 7% of their global revenue for violating the rules.

    BharatGen Initiative

    • The Department of Science & Technology (DST) launched BharatGen, an initiative to make generative AI available to citizens in various Indian languages.
    • BharatGen is spearheaded by IIT Bombay under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).
    • The initiative will create generative AI systems that can generate high-quality text and multimodal content in various Indian languages.
    • BharatGen is focused on creating efficient and inclusive AI in Indian languages, with an emphasis on open-source foundational models.

    Deepfakes and Regulation

    • Deepfakes are created using generative adversarial networks (GANs) and are a part of Deep Synthesis.
    • California passed three bills aimed at countering the use of deepfakes in political campaigns.
    • India does not have specific laws that ban or regulate deepfake technology but utilizes existing laws like the Information Technology Act (2000), Section 500 of the Indian Penal Code (1860), and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act.
    • Global efforts to regulate deepfakes include the European Union's Code of Practice on Disinformation, which requires tech companies to counter deepfakes.
    • The U.S. introduced the bipartisan Deepfake Task Force Act to help the Department of Homeland Security combat deepfake technology.
    • China implemented comprehensive regulations on deep synthesis in January 2023.

    Watermarking on AI-generated Content

    • OpenAI, Meta, Microsoft, Google, and Adobe are developing watermarking techniques to address concerns about the authenticity and ownership of AI-generated content.
    • The Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity (C2PA) is a collaboration among technology giants to establish standards for verifying the authenticity of audio-visual content.
    • Blockchain technology is being used to ensure transparency by providing an immutable, publicly accessible record of digital asset ownership and provenance.

    AI Timeline

    • 1950s: Alan Turing proposes the concept of a “learning machine” and introduces the Turing Test (1950). The term “Artificial Intelligence” is coined at the Dartmouth Conference (1956).
    • 1970s-90s: Stagnation in AI research due to limited computational power. Introduction of support vector machines (SVMs) (1990s). Leo Breiman develops the random forest algorithm (1995).
    • 2010s: Introduction of generative adversarial networks (GANs) by Ian Goodfellow (2014). The transformer model is introduced, revolutionizing natural language processing (2015).
    • 2020s: OpenAI releases GPT-3, a powerful language model with 175 billion parameters (2020). AlphaFold, developed by DeepMind, predicts protein structures (2021).

    Personality Rights in India

    • Scarlett Johansson accused OpenAI of using her voice without permission for Chad GPT-4, claiming the voice assistant's voice sounds similar to hers.
    • Personality rights are not explicitly mentioned in any statute in India but can be traced from the right to privacy and right to property.
    • The right to publicity protects an individual's image and likeness from unauthorized commercial exploitation. It is governed by statutes like the Trademark Act of 1999 and the Copyright Act of 1957.
    • The right to privacy protects an individual's personality from being represented publicly without permission. It is governed by Article 21 of the Constitution and the Supreme Court Judgment in Justice Puttaswamy v. Union of India, 2017.
    • The Delhi High Court has addressed personality rights in several cases, including those involving Anil Kapoor and Jackie Shroff, protecting their names, images, and voices from unauthorized use.

    GPAI Summit and Key Outcomes

    • The Prime Minister of India inaugurated the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) Summit, where India assumed the lead chair role in 2024.
    • The GPAI, an alliance of 28 countries, adopted the ‘New Delhi Declaration’.
    • Key highlights of the summit include the discussion on India's national AI portal, the AIRAWAT initiative, concerns over the potential misuse of deepfake technology, and the YUVAi initiative.
    • The four key themes of the summit sessions were responsible AI, data governance, the future of work, and innovation and commercialization.

    AI Treaty

    • The first legally binding international treaty on Artificial Intelligence (AI) proposed is open for signing by participating nations, including the European Union members, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

    Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence

    • The Council of Europe (COE), distinct from the European Union (EU), is drafting a Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law.
    • The convention is intended to mitigate the risks associated with AI and foster responsible innovation, operating independently of the EU AI Act.

    UN Resolution on AI

    • The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution aimed at promoting the safe, secure, and trustworthy use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems, aligned with sustainable development goals.

    Global AI Summits

    • GPAI Summit 2023: Held in New Delhi, India. The "New Delhi Declaration" was adopted, emphasizing the need to mitigate risks arising from AI development and deployment, and promoting equitable access to critical resources for AI.
    • AI Safety Summit 2023: Held in Bletchley Park, UK. The "Bletchley Declaration" was made, focusing on the safe, human-centric, trustworthy, and responsible development and use of AI to enhance human wellbeing, peace, and prosperity
    • Global AI Summit 2024: Held in Mumbai, India. Discussions centered around AI's role in solving India's grand challenges, including sessions on generative AI, industrial digitalization, supercomputing, and robotics.
    • World Summit AI 2024: Held in the Netherlands. Explored AI's role in various industries, including finance, healthcare, and education, with discussions on AI ethics and governance.
    • AI for the Rest of Us: Held in London, UK. Focused on making AI accessible to non-experts, including educational initiatives and user-friendly AI tools
    • Collide Data & AI Conference 2024: Held in Atlanta, USA. Provided insights into data management, AI-driven analytics, and the convergence of data science and AI technologies.
    • SSON: Shared Services & Outsourcing Week 2024: Held in London, UK. Focused on how AI is transforming shared services and outsourcing, including automation and process optimization.
    • Generative AI World 2024: Held in Boston, USA. Emphasized the latest advancements in generative AI and large language models, with networking opportunities with industry leaders and innovators.

    Montreal Declaration

    • Released in 2018. Includes 59 recommendations and 10 principles.

    G7 AI Summit

    • Took place in Hiroshima, Japan, in December 2023.
    • Marked the beginning of the Hiroshima AI Process (HAP).
    • Represents a major advancement in the regulation of AI.

    GenAI Patent Landscape

    • China leads the generative AI (GenAI) patent race, holding six times more patents than the United States.
    • Top 10 patent holders:
      • Tencent Holdings (China)
      • Ping An Insurance Group (China)
      • Baidu (China)
      • Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)
      • IBM (US)
      • Alibaba Group (China)
      • Samsung Electronics (South Korea)
      • Alphabet (US)
      • ByteDance (China)
      • Microsoft (US)
    • Key research hubs: South Korea, Japan, and India
    • UK is the leading European location for GenAI patents.

    AI Seoul Summit

    • Agreement reached between 10 countries and the European Union.
    • Committed to launching an international network to accelerate the advancement of AI safety science.
    • Co-hosted by the UK and South Korea in May 2024.

    PM Modi and Bhashini

    • Prime Minister Modi pitched Bhashini, India's AI-based language platform, to SCO member countries to remove language barriers.
    • Bhashini was launched in 2022 as part of the "Digital India Bhashini" initiative.
    • Aims to overcome the language barrier using AI technologies.

    Bhashini Features:

    • Unifies and aligns a diverse network across government, industry, academia, research groups, and startups.
    • Provides universal access to content in all Indian languages.
    • Creates tools for citizens to contribute to language repositories.
    • Encourages startups to create innovative applications using Bhashini's resources.

    Bhasha Daan Initiative:

    • Crowdsources language inputs for multiple Indian languages for Bhashini.
    • Citizens can contribute anonymously to build an open repository of data.
    • Aims to create large datasets for Indian languages, which can be used for training AI models.

    Other Key AI Events/Developments:

    • The first International Artificial Intelligence Olympiad (GAIN) is being held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
    • The Coalition for Responsible Evolution of AI (CoRE-AI) is a new multi-stakeholder coalition bringing together leading Indian AI stakeholders.
    • The International Olympic Committee (IOC) launched the Olympic AI Agenda, envisioning the impact of AI on sports.
    • The World Health Organization (WHO) launched S.A.R.A.H., a digital health promoter prototype powered by generative AI.
    • OpenAI signed licensing agreements with The Atlantic and Vox Media, allowing their content to be used for AI model training.
    • The IMF published the AI preparedness index, ranking Singapore first and India 72nd.

    AI Trivia:

    • General AI Trivia:

      • The first chatbot was ELIZA, created in 1966 by Joseph Weizenbaum.
      • The first AI-generated artwork to be sold at auction was a portrait by "Edmond de Belamy" in 2018.
      • IBM’s Deep Blue beat Garry Kasparov at chess in 1997.
      • Google’s AlphaGo defeated Lee Sedol at Go in 2016.
      • Eugene Goostman, a chatbot designed as a 13-year-old boy, passed the Turing test in 2014.
      • Sophia, a humanoid robot developed by Hanson Robotics, became a citizen of Saudi Arabia in 2017.
      • A short story co-written by a human and the AI system "Benjamin" was published in 2016.
      • AIVA composed a symphony in 2017.
      • An AI system named "Ai" designed a fashion collection in 2019.

    • AI Trivia Related to Specific Fields:

      • A Google Health system diagnosed cancer in 2019.
      • Waymo developed an AI system that drove a car without human intervention in 2020.
      • Google Translate developed an AI system for near-human accurate language translation in 2020.
      • The Associated Press developed an AI system to write news articles in 2015.
      • AIVA co-wrote a song that made it to the Billboard charts in 2018.
      • An AI system named "Neurodesigner" developed a video game in 2016.
      • IBM developed an AI system that won a debate against humans in 2019.

    • AI Trivia Related to Specific Concepts:

      • The “uncanny valley” effect describes people's unease with objects that are nearly human but not quite.
      • The “singularity” hypothesis posits that AI will eventually surpass human intelligence.
      • The “AI winter” was a period of decreased funding and interest in AI research during the late 1970s and early 1980s.
      • The “Chinese room argument” suggests computers lack true language understanding.
      • The “paperclip maximizer” is a hypothetical AI programmed to maximize paperclip production.

    Alan Turing

    • Attended the University of Cambridge (BA, MA) and Princeton University (PhD).
    • Worked at Bletchley Park during World War II, leading the section focused on German naval cryptanalysis.
    • Was posthumously pardoned for his conviction on homosexuality charges in 2013.
    • The “Alan Turing law” refers to a 2017 law in the UK that pardoned men convicted under historical laws criminalizing homosexual acts.

    ACM A.M. Turing Award

    • Given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for significant contributions to computer science.
    • Established in 1966 and often called the “Nobel Prize of Computing”.
    • The award comes with a $1 million prize, funded by Google since 2014.
    • Alan Perlis was the first recipient in 1966.
    • In 2023 the award was given to Avi Wigderson.

    India AI Mission

    • India has a plan to invest ₹10,000 crore (roughly $1.25 billion USD) to develop AI systems in industrial sectors.
    • The India AI Mission will also support Indian startups developing indigenous AI-based solutions with ₹2,000 crore investment.

    Collaborative AI on Global Partnership (CAIGP)

    • The CAIGP brought together members of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) and AI experts to address the global AI divide.
    • GPAI is a multi-stakeholder initiative with 29 member countries, aiming to bridge the gap between AI theory and practice.
    • India leads the GPAI in 2024 and is focused on promoting trustworthy AI systems.

    EU AI Act

    • The AI Act entered into force on August 1, 2024, and has a 2-year timeframe for full implementation.
    • Companies can face fines up to €35 million or 7% of global revenue for breaking the rules.
    • The AI Act is part of a wider policy focused on trustworthy AI, including the AI Innovation Package and the Coordinated Plan on AI.
    • The Act defines four risk levels for AI systems: unacceptable, high, limited, and minimal.

    BharatGen Initiative

    • The Department of Science & Technology (DST) launched BharatGen to make generative AI accessible in various Indian languages.
    • The initiative will create generative AI systems capable of generating high-quality text and multimodal content in Indian languages.
    • IIT Bombay leads the initiative, focusing on efficient and inclusive AI across India.
    • The project aims to be completed within two years.

    Generative AI (GenAI)

    • GenAI produces new content, including text, images, videos, music, and software code.
    • GenAI became prominent with the advent of deep learning based on neural networks.
    • GenAI is trained using data collected from webpages, social media, and online media.
    • GenAI identifies and repeats common patterns in the training data to generate content.
    • GenAI cannot generate new ideas or solutions to real-world problems as it doesn't understand real-world objects or social relations.

    Deepfakes

    • California signed three bills aimed at countering the use of deepfakes in political campaigns.
    • The bills require online platforms to remove or label election-related deepfakes and mandate disclosure of AI use in political advertisements.
    • India has no specific laws or regulations banning or regulating the use of deepfake technology.
    • India relies on existing laws like the Information Technology Act (2000) and the Indian Penal Code (1860) to address deepfakes.

    AI Regulation Timeline

    • 1950s: Alan Turing proposed the "learning machine" concept and the Turing Test. The term "Artificial Intelligence" was coined at the Dartmouth Conference in 1956.
    • 1970s-90s: Stagnation in AI research due to limited computational power. Introduction of support vector machines (SVMs) and the random forest algorithm.
    • 2010s: Introduction of generative adversarial networks (GANs) and the transformer model.
    • 2020s: OpenAI releases GPT-3, a state-of-the-art language model. DeepMind develops AlphaFold, a protein structure predictor.

    Personality Rights

    • Personality rights are not explicitly mentioned in Indian statutes but are derived from the right to privacy and right to property.
    • Right to publicity protects an individual's image and likeness from commercial exploitation without permission.
    • Right to privacy protects against public representation of an individual's personality without their permission.
    • The Delhi High Court has recognized personality rights and protected the rights of celebrities from unauthorized use of their name, image, and voice likeness.

    GPAI Summit

    • India hosted the GPAI Summit in 2023 and is the lead chair in 2024.
    • The summit discussed responsible AI, data governance, the future of work, and innovation and commercialization of AI.
    • Key highlights include India's proposal to establish a Global Digital Public Infrastructure Repository (GDPIR) and the showcase of the YUVAi initiative.

    AIRAWAT

    • AIRAWAT (Artificial Intelligence Research, Analytics and Knowledge Assimilation Platform) is a cloud computing platform designed to support AI research in India.

    YUVAi

    • The YUVAi (Youth for Unnati and Vikas with AI) program aims to equip school students with AI knowledge and skills.
    • The program is a partnership between the National e-Governance Division (NeGD) and Intel India.

    AI Treaty

    • The first legally binding international AI treaty was proposed and is open for signing by nations including the European Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
    • The treaty aims to mitigate the risks associated with AI while fostering responsible innovation.

    Council of Europe's Framework Convention

    • The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law operates independently of the EU AI Act.
    • The Convention aims to address the risks of AI while ensuring respect for human rights, democracy, and the rule of law.

    UN AI Resolution

    • The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution focused on promoting the safe, secure, and trustworthy use of AI systems, aligned with sustainable development goals.

    GPAI Summit 2023

    • The GPAI Summit 2023 in New Delhi resulted in the adoption of the "New Delhi Declaration".
    • The declaration emphasizes the need to mitigate risks and equitable access to AI resources.

    AI Safety Summit 2023

    • The AI Safety Summit 2023, held in Bletchley Park, UK, culminated in the "Bletchley Declaration."
    • This declaration focuses on the safe and responsible development and use of AI to enhance human wellbeing.

    Global AI Summit 2024

    • The Global AI Summit 2024 in Mumbai will focus on AI's role in addressing India's challenges.
    • The Summit will cover topics like generative AI, industrial digitalization, supercomputing, and robotics.

    World Summit AI 2024

    • The World Summit AI 2024 in the Netherlands will explore AI's applications in various industries like finance, healthcare, and education.
    • Discussions on AI ethics and governance will be central to the summit.

    AI for the Rest of Us

    • "AI for the Rest of Us" summit in London focuses on making AI accessible to non-experts.
    • Emphasis on educational initiatives and user-friendly AI tools.

    Generative AI Patent Race - China Leads

    • China leads the global generative AI patent race, holding six times more patents than the United States.
    • Tencent, Ping An Insurance, Baidu, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, IBM, Alibaba, Samsung, Alphabet, ByteDance, and Microsoft are among the top patent holders in generative AI.

    AI Seoul Summit

    • The AI Seoul Summit, co-hosted by the UK and South Korea, brought together 10 countries and the European Union to launch an international network dedicated to AI safety research.

    "Bhashini" AI Language Platform

    • PM Modi pitched India's AI-based language platform "Bhashini" for use by SCO member countries to address language barriers.
    • The platform aims to provide universal access to digital content in all Indian languages, fostering a knowledge-based society.

    International Artificial Intelligence Olympiad

    • The first International Artificial Intelligence Olympiad will be held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with 25 countries competing.

    Coalition for Responsible Evolution of AI (CoRE-AI)

    • Over 30 Indian AI startups, researchers, and industry players have joined the CoRE-AI coalition to promote responsible AI development.

    Olympic AI Agenda

    • The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched the Olympic AI Agenda, outlining how AI can enhance sports.
    • Implementations will be seen at the Paris Games.

    S.A.R.A.H. Digital Health Promoter

    • The World Health Organization (WHO) unveiled S.A.R.A.H., a generative AI-powered digital health promoter prototype designed to provide empathetic responses.

    OpenAI Licensing Agreements

    • The Atlantic and Vox Media have joined other media companies in licensing agreements with OpenAI, allowing their content for AI model training and use within ChatGPT.

    AI Preparedness Index

    • The IMF published the AI Preparedness Index, ranking Singapore first and India 72nd out of 174 countries.

    Sarvam AI Launches Open Source Model

    • Sarvam AI has launched India's first open-source foundational model, "Sarvam 2B," trained on 4 trillion tokens of internal data and supporting 10 Indic languages.

    "Divya Drishti" AI Authentication System

    • The DRDO's Center for Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (CAIR) developed "Divya Drishti," an AI tool that combines facial recognition with gait analysis for robust authentication.

    AI Trivia

    • The first chatbot was ELIZA, created by Joseph Weizenbaum in 1966.
    • The first AI-generated artwork sold at auction was a portrait created by "Edmond de Belamy" in 2018.
    • IBM's Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov at chess in 1997, marking the first AI to beat a human world champion in a complex strategy game.
    • Google's AlphaGo defeated Lee Sedol at Go in 2016, becoming the first AI to defeat a human world champion in a video game.
    • Eugene Goostman, a chatbot impersonating a 13-year-old boy, passed the Turing test in 2014, considered the first AI to achieve this milestone.
    • Sophia, a humanoid robot developed by Hanson Robotics, became a citizen of Saudi Arabia in 2017, marking the first AI to gain citizenship in a country.
    • "Benjamin," an AI system, co-wrote a short story in 2016, representing the first AI involvement in novel writing.
    • "AIVA," an AI system, composed a symphony in 2017, the first AI to achieve composing a symphony.
    • "Ai," an AI system, designed a fashion collection in 2019, marking the first AI-designed fashion collection.
    • A system developed by Google Health diagnosed cancer in 2019, representing the first AI to achieve this in healthcare.
    • Waymo, a company, developed a system that drove a car without human intervention in 2020, marking the first time an AI achieved autonomous driving.
    • Google Translate, a system, reached near-human accuracy in language translation in 2020, considered the first AI to achieve this level of proficiency.
    • The Associated Press used an AI system to write a news article in 2015, representing the first AI involvement in news reporting.
    • "AIVA," an AI system, co-wrote a song that reached the Billboard charts in 2018, marking the first AI-composed song to achieve this.
    • "Neurodesigner," an AI system, created a video game in 2016, representing the first AI-created video game.
    • IBM developed a system that won a debate against humans in 2019, marking the first AI to achieve victory in a debate against humans.
    • The "uncanny valley" effect describes the unsettling feeling people experience with objects that appear almost human but not quite.
    • The "singularity" hypothesis posits that AI will eventually surpass human intelligence, leading to a rapid acceleration of technological progress.
    • The "AI winter" was a period of reduced funding and interest in AI research between the late 1970s and early 1980s.
    • The "Chinese room argument" is a philosophical argument suggesting that computers cannot truly understand language.
    • The "paperclip maximizer" is a hypothetical AI that is programmed to maximize the production of paperclips, illustrating the potential dangers of goal-oriented AI.

    Alan Turing

    • Alan Turing was a renowned mathematician and computer scientist who made significant contributions to computer science and codebreaking during World War II.
    • He studied at the University of Cambridge and Princeton University, earning a doctorate in mathematics.
    • Turing worked at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking center during World War II, where he led Hut 8, responsible for German naval cryptanalysis, contributing significantly to Allied success.
    • He was posthumously pardoned by Queen Elizabeth II in 2013 for his conviction for homosexuality in 1952.
    • The ACM A.M. Turing Award, often referred to as the "Nobel Prize of Computing," is given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for significant contributions to computer science.
    • Alan Perlis was the first recipient of the Turing Award in 1966.
    • Avi Wigderson was the recipient of the Turing Award in 2023.

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