Incomplete Dominance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What term did Mendel use to refer to a heritable feature that varies among individuals?

  • Genotype
  • Character (correct)
  • Phenotype
  • Trait

What did Mendel call each variant for a character, such as purple or white color for flowers?

  • Trait (correct)
  • Gene
  • Allele
  • Phenotype

In Mendel's experiments, what are plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate known as?

  • Hybrids
  • F1 generation
  • F2 generation
  • P generation (correct)

What generation is produced when F1 individuals self-pollinate or cross-pollinate with other F1 hybrids?

<p>F2 generation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term did Mendel use to describe the process of mating two contrasting, true-breeding varieties?

<p>Hybridization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT an advantage of using peas in Mendel's experiments?

<p>Inability to control mating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the hybrid offspring of the P generation in Mendel's experiments?

<p>(F1) generation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disorder is Cystic Fibrosis?

<p>Single-gene disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genetic testing and counseling, what can fetal and newborn testing reveal?

<p>Genetic disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on Mendelian genetics, if a couple both have a sibling with a recessively inherited disease, what is the probability that each child they have will have the disease?

<p>1/9 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does amniocentesis test for?

<p>Certain genetic disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of newborn screening?

<p>To detect genetic disorders at birth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common test performed in most U.S. hospitals for newborns?

<p><strong>Phenylketonuria (PKU)</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by codominance?

<p>When two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes incomplete dominance?

<p>When the phenotype of the heterozygote is somewhere between the phenotypes of both homozygotes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pleiotropy refer to?

<p>The ability of a single gene to have multiple phenotypic effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option defines epistasis correctly?

<p>A phenomenon where one gene masks the expression of another gene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genetics, what does complementation mean?

<p>A phenomenon where one gene compensates for the loss of function in another gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a lethal allele?

<p>An allele that causes harmful effects when present in homozygous condition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are penetrance and expressivity different?

<p>Penetrance refers to the range of symptoms observed, while expressivity refers to their severity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is genetic linkage?

<p>The physical closeness of genes on a chromosome leading to their co-inheritance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Polygenic inheritance' involves:

<p>...the additive effects of multiple genes on a single phenotype (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were peas an advantageous model for Mendel's experiments?

<p>They exhibit a wide range of observable traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What made peas a good model for genetic studies according to Mendel?

<p>Short generation time and large number of offspring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a true-breeding plant?

<p>A plant that produces offspring of the same variety when self-pollinated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of peas was crucial for Mendel's experiments?

<p>Their ability to self-fertilize (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Mendel choose peas for his experiments instead of larger plants?

<p>Peas had easily distinguishable traits and a short generation time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did cross-pollination play in Mendel's experiments with peas?

<p>It was crucial for generating variations in traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor helped Mendel accurately track the inheritance of traits in pea plants?

<p>$3/4$ ratio of dominant to recessive traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key reason behind Mendel's success in conducting controlled genetic experiments with peas?

<p>$10$-day generation time of pea plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mendel's pea plant experiments contributed significantly to the foundation of modern genetics.' Which aspect of his experiments supports this statement?

<p>$9:3:3:1$ phenotypic ratio observed in the F2 generation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genetics, what does epistasis refer to?

<p>The interaction between non-allelic genes where one masks the effect of another (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of polygenic inheritance?

<p>Inheritance influenced by multiple genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do non-allelic genes interact in epistasis?

<p>One gene masks the effect of another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the influence of the environment on phenotypic variation?

<p>Environment can modify gene expression leading to phenotypic differences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes polygenic inheritance from Mendelian inheritance?

<p>Mendelian traits do not show additive effects of multiple genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does epistasis occur in genetics?

<p>When one gene affects the phenotypic expression of another gene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a key characteristic of polygenic traits?

<p>They are controlled by more than one gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does epistasis have on the phenotypic ratio in offspring?

<p>It alters the expected Mendelian ratios (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does polygenic inheritance differ from monogenic inheritance?

<p>Polygenic inheritance results in continuous variation while monogenic inheritance leads to discrete variation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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