Podcast
Questions and Answers
Inclusion refers to the practice or policy of ensuring that all individuals, regardless of their differences, feel valued, respected, and able to participate fully in ______.
Inclusion refers to the practice or policy of ensuring that all individuals, regardless of their differences, feel valued, respected, and able to participate fully in ______.
society
The principle of inclusion is the opposite of ______ and also alienation.
The principle of inclusion is the opposite of ______ and also alienation.
exclusion
Key principles of inclusion include respect for diversity, equal access and ______, active participation, and a supportive environment.
Key principles of inclusion include respect for diversity, equal access and ______, active participation, and a supportive environment.
opportunity
Promote diverse perspectives and celebrate what makes each person ______.
Promote diverse perspectives and celebrate what makes each person ______.
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Ensure that everyone has access to the same opportunities, resources, and ______ systems.
Ensure that everyone has access to the same opportunities, resources, and ______ systems.
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Create spaces where everyone is encouraged and facilitated to contribute and be ______.
Create spaces where everyone is encouraged and facilitated to contribute and be ______.
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Foster an environment where individuals feel safe, supported, and ______.
Foster an environment where individuals feel safe, supported, and ______.
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Address discrimination, harassment, and ______ to maintain an inclusive atmosphere.
Address discrimination, harassment, and ______ to maintain an inclusive atmosphere.
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According to the ______ model, persons with disabilities need to be ‘cured’ through medical interventions.
According to the ______ model, persons with disabilities need to be ‘cured’ through medical interventions.
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Under the ______ model, the focus is on removing barriers for persons with disabilities.
Under the ______ model, the focus is on removing barriers for persons with disabilities.
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The social model suggests that disability is the consequence of interaction with an environment that does not ______ individual differences.
The social model suggests that disability is the consequence of interaction with an environment that does not ______ individual differences.
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According to Oliver, disability is something imposed on top of our impairments by the way we are unnecessarily ______ from society.
According to Oliver, disability is something imposed on top of our impairments by the way we are unnecessarily ______ from society.
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Disability is defined as the ______ or restriction of activity caused by social organization.
Disability is defined as the ______ or restriction of activity caused by social organization.
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Impairment is defined as lacking all or part of a limb or having a defective ______, organism, or mechanism of the body.
Impairment is defined as lacking all or part of a limb or having a defective ______, organism, or mechanism of the body.
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The ideology of the social model recognizes that disabled people are an ______ group in society.
The ideology of the social model recognizes that disabled people are an ______ group in society.
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The position of persons with disabilities in society is often one where they cannot access ______ opportunities for participation.
The position of persons with disabilities in society is often one where they cannot access ______ opportunities for participation.
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Cultural competence involves developing awareness, knowledge, and skills to engage effectively with people from different __________.
Cultural competence involves developing awareness, knowledge, and skills to engage effectively with people from different __________.
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Open communication encourages dialogue and listening to diverse __________.
Open communication encourages dialogue and listening to diverse __________.
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Individuals and organizations are held __________ for creating an inclusive environment.
Individuals and organizations are held __________ for creating an inclusive environment.
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Inclusion recognizes and values the presence of individuals from diverse __________.
Inclusion recognizes and values the presence of individuals from diverse __________.
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Everyone should have __________ to opportunities, resources, and support systems without facing barriers.
Everyone should have __________ to opportunities, resources, and support systems without facing barriers.
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In inclusive environments, individuals are treated with respect and __________.
In inclusive environments, individuals are treated with respect and __________.
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Inclusion ensures that all individuals feel they belong and can fully participate in __________ processes.
Inclusion ensures that all individuals feel they belong and can fully participate in __________ processes.
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Inclusive environments actively work against __________ and bias.
Inclusive environments actively work against __________ and bias.
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Some causes of impairment are classified into 2 major categories: Biological and ______.
Some causes of impairment are classified into 2 major categories: Biological and ______.
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Genetically induced factors may lead to conditions such as Down syndrome and other multiple ______.
Genetically induced factors may lead to conditions such as Down syndrome and other multiple ______.
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Illnesses and exposure to X-rays can result in a genetic ______.
Illnesses and exposure to X-rays can result in a genetic ______.
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Pre-term and underweight birth may result in different forms of ______.
Pre-term and underweight birth may result in different forms of ______.
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Childhood diseases such as whooping cough and measles may lead to meningitis and ______.
Childhood diseases such as whooping cough and measles may lead to meningitis and ______.
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Toxic materials like lead and ______ can damage the brain.
Toxic materials like lead and ______ can damage the brain.
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Disability refers to the umbrella term covering impairments, activity limitations and participation ______.
Disability refers to the umbrella term covering impairments, activity limitations and participation ______.
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Major kinds of impairments include Visual impairment, Hearing impairment, and ______.
Major kinds of impairments include Visual impairment, Hearing impairment, and ______.
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Incarcerated individuals often face stigmatization and limited opportunities for ______.
Incarcerated individuals often face stigmatization and limited opportunities for ______.
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People trafficked for forced labor or sexual exploitation are often stripped of their ______.
People trafficked for forced labor or sexual exploitation are often stripped of their ______.
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Legislations and litigations created opportunities for children with disabilities to access education in ______ schools.
Legislations and litigations created opportunities for children with disabilities to access education in ______ schools.
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Specialized schools were established to provide educational services with a specialized approach for children with ______.
Specialized schools were established to provide educational services with a specialized approach for children with ______.
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In the 1960s and 70s, special needs education classes were established in public schools to create a least ______ environment.
In the 1960s and 70s, special needs education classes were established in public schools to create a least ______ environment.
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The integration approach requires students with disabilities to fit the ______ without changing the regular education system.
The integration approach requires students with disabilities to fit the ______ without changing the regular education system.
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The inclusive education approach focuses on changing the regular education system to fit the ______ educational needs of students.
The inclusive education approach focuses on changing the regular education system to fit the ______ educational needs of students.
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Women and girls may face risks such as gender-based violence, domestic abuse, and ______.
Women and girls may face risks such as gender-based violence, domestic abuse, and ______.
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Victims of human trafficking may experience risks such as physical abuse and ______.
Victims of human trafficking may experience risks such as physical abuse and ______.
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Ethnic and racial minorities are often vulnerable due to ______, racism, and systemic discrimination.
Ethnic and racial minorities are often vulnerable due to ______, racism, and systemic discrimination.
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People living in poverty often experience risks such as homelessness, malnutrition, and ______.
People living in poverty often experience risks such as homelessness, malnutrition, and ______.
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Refugees may face challenges like statelessness, exploitation, and poor living ______.
Refugees may face challenges like statelessness, exploitation, and poor living ______.
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Individuals with chronic illnesses often deal with ______ stigma and reduced access to healthcare.
Individuals with chronic illnesses often deal with ______ stigma and reduced access to healthcare.
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Homeless populations are at risk of poor health, violence, and ______ abuse.
Homeless populations are at risk of poor health, violence, and ______ abuse.
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People living in rural areas may face ______ isolation and limited access to education.
People living in rural areas may face ______ isolation and limited access to education.
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Girls and women often encounter cultural ______ that contribute to their vulnerability.
Girls and women often encounter cultural ______ that contribute to their vulnerability.
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Study Notes
Addis Ababa University Course Information
- College of Education and Behavioral Studies
- Special Needs/Inclusive Education
- Course Title: Inclusiveness
- Course Code: SNIE 1012
- Date: August 2024
Chapter One: Concepts and Principles of Inclusion
1.1 Definition
- Inclusion means all people are entitled to full membership in the human family.
- Fundamentally, inclusion is the principle that:
- All are entitled to participate fully in all aspects of society.
- All have equal rights and responsibilities.
- All have something to contribute.
- Inclusion demands valued recognition of all people in every part of society.
- It is the right of the individual and the responsibility of society as a whole.
- It requires the removal of barriers and social structures to participation.
- It accepts all people as human diversity.
- Inclusion is a continuous process involving steps such as:
- Developing inclusive plans, policies, or legal frameworks.
- Developing inclusive culture within communities and institutions.
- Evolving inclusive practices.
- Inclusive services require consideration of three dimensions:
- Creating a non-discriminatory community attitude towards persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups.
- Creating accessible physical and service environments.
- Supporting participation in socio-economic and political activities.
- Inclusion emphasizes creating environments where diverse individuals can contribute without discrimination, recognizing and supporting different perspectives and needs.
1.2 Principles of Inclusion
- It is the opposite of exclusion and alienation.
- Inclusion recognizes the heritage of all people, not just the able-bodied.
- Some key principles include respect for diversity, recognizing differences (culture, race, gender, ability, age, religion, socioeconomic background).
- Promoting diverse perspectives and celebrating each person's uniqueness.
1.3 Elements of Inclusion
- Inclusion promotes equal participation of all people in all aspects of public life.
- Key elements include:
- Equity
- Diversity
- Belonging
- Respect
- Collaboration
- Representation
- Accessibility
- Cultural Competence
- Open communication
- Accountability
1.4 Features of Inclusion and Inclusive Environments
- Includes a range of principles and practices ensuring equitable participation.
- Core features:
- Diversity representation
- Equal access
- Respect and dignity
- Participation and belonging
- Non-discrimination
- Support for individual needs
- Cultural competence
- Collaboration and teamwork
- Empowerment and voice
- Accountability and continuous improvement
Chapter Two: The Challenges for Inclusion and the Historical and Societal Context of Exclusion for Persons with Disabilities and other Marginalized Groups
2.1 Understanding Disability and Vulnerability
2.1.1 Disability
- Disability is a human diversity, a natural occurring event.
- Over one billion people globally have a disability (about 15% of the world's population).
- Disability disproportionately affects disadvantaged sectors of populations in low- and middle-income countries.
- Globally inclusive development includes everyone, especially those who are marginalized.
2.1.2 Evolution of the Concept of Disability (Models of Disability)
- Several models exist, including the Charity Model, Medical Approach, Social Approach, and a Rights-Based Approach, used to conceptualize and understand disability.
2.2 Vulnerability
2.2.1 Definitions and Types of Vulnerability
- Vulnerability is the susceptibility and exploitation of a person or group by various factors, such as physical susceptibility to harm, social or economic hardship.
- Vulnerability can be categorized into emotional/psychological, social/economic, physical, and attitudinal/cultural vulnerability.
2.2.2 Causes of Vulnerability
- Factors contributing to vulnerability can be broadly divided into economic, social, environmental, health, and political/institutional domains
2.3 Historical Background of Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities Applied in Education
- Specialised and or Residential Schools: Separate educational facilities for students with disabilities.
- Mainstreaming: Integrating students with disabilities into regular education settings.
- Integration: Integrating students with disabilities into regular education classes, but without significant changes to the overall system.
- Inclusive Education: Adapting education systems and practices to best support the unique needs of all students.
2.4 Barriers for Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities
- Various barriers to inclusion, including: Institutional, Physical, Informational. and Communication barriers; also Attitudinal and Cultural barriers.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the foundational concepts and principles of inclusion as outlined in Chapter One of the course 'Inclusiveness' (SNIE 1012) from Addis Ababa University. It explores the definition of inclusion, its significance, and the responsibilities of society in fostering an inclusive environment for all individuals. Test your understanding of these critical concepts.
