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Questions and Answers
What is the unit of measurement for acceleration?
What is the unit of measurement for acceleration?
Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
If the decimal point is present, how are zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit classified?
If the decimal point is present, how are zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit classified?
What is the relative error if a measured value is 5.5 kg and the expected value is 8 kg?
What is the relative error if a measured value is 5.5 kg and the expected value is 8 kg?
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Which of the following statements about scientific notation is true?
Which of the following statements about scientific notation is true?
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What does precision in measurement refer to?
What does precision in measurement refer to?
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What is the derived unit of force?
What is the derived unit of force?
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Which of the following quantifies has both magnitude and direction?
Which of the following quantifies has both magnitude and direction?
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What does the length of the arrow in a vector representation indicate?
What does the length of the arrow in a vector representation indicate?
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What formula is used to calculate average acceleration?
What formula is used to calculate average acceleration?
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What is the measured unit for acceleration?
What is the measured unit for acceleration?
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Which statement accurately describes free fall?
Which statement accurately describes free fall?
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Which calculation is used to determine the final velocity during uniformly accelerated motion?
Which calculation is used to determine the final velocity during uniformly accelerated motion?
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In projectile motion, what determines the shape of the object's trajectory?
In projectile motion, what determines the shape of the object's trajectory?
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What happens to the acceleration of an object in free fall as it descends?
What happens to the acceleration of an object in free fall as it descends?
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What is the term for motion with constant acceleration?
What is the term for motion with constant acceleration?
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What is the net force acting on the box given a pulling force of 500 N and a frictional force of 450 N?
What is the net force acting on the box given a pulling force of 500 N and a frictional force of 450 N?
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What would be the acceleration of the box if the net force acting on it is 50 N and its mass is 100 kg?
What would be the acceleration of the box if the net force acting on it is 50 N and its mass is 100 kg?
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If the coefficient of friction between the block and the table is 0.40, what is the force required to maintain constant velocity with an additional 30.0 N brick on the block?
If the coefficient of friction between the block and the table is 0.40, what is the force required to maintain constant velocity with an additional 30.0 N brick on the block?
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According to the Principle of Work, if a force of 20 N is applied over a displacement of 5 m, how much work is done?
According to the Principle of Work, if a force of 20 N is applied over a displacement of 5 m, how much work is done?
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What type of potential energy is associated with an object due to its position in a gravitational field?
What type of potential energy is associated with an object due to its position in a gravitational field?
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Which formula correctly represents the relationship between power, work, and time?
Which formula correctly represents the relationship between power, work, and time?
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What occurs when the frictional force is sufficient to prevent relative motion between surfaces?
What occurs when the frictional force is sufficient to prevent relative motion between surfaces?
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Which of the following expressions correctly describes how to calculate work when the force is applied at an angle?
Which of the following expressions correctly describes how to calculate work when the force is applied at an angle?
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What is the maximum height of a projectile when its vertical velocity (Vy) becomes zero?
What is the maximum height of a projectile when its vertical velocity (Vy) becomes zero?
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Which of the following correctly describes centripetal acceleration?
Which of the following correctly describes centripetal acceleration?
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How is the force of gravity related to the motion of a projectile in its vertical component?
How is the force of gravity related to the motion of a projectile in its vertical component?
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What is true about the tangential speed of an object in uniform circular motion?
What is true about the tangential speed of an object in uniform circular motion?
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What does Newton's Second Law imply about the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
What does Newton's Second Law imply about the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
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In a free body diagram, which of the following forces is typically not represented?
In a free body diagram, which of the following forces is typically not represented?
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If a car is moving around a circular track with a radius of 48.2 m and a centripetal acceleration of 8.05 m/s², what is its tangential speed?
If a car is moving around a circular track with a radius of 48.2 m and a centripetal acceleration of 8.05 m/s², what is its tangential speed?
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Which of the following statements reflects Newton's First Law of Inertia?
Which of the following statements reflects Newton's First Law of Inertia?
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What does the Work-Energy Theorem primarily relate?
What does the Work-Energy Theorem primarily relate?
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What is the formula for mechanical energy?
What is the formula for mechanical energy?
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Which of the following accurately describes the center of mass (COM)?
Which of the following accurately describes the center of mass (COM)?
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What is the impulse-momentum theorem formula?
What is the impulse-momentum theorem formula?
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In an elastic collision, what can be said about the total kinetic energy?
In an elastic collision, what can be said about the total kinetic energy?
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Under which condition does the coefficient of restitution equal 1?
Under which condition does the coefficient of restitution equal 1?
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What is impulse a product of?
What is impulse a product of?
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What is the primary assumption of the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
What is the primary assumption of the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
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Study Notes
Important Measurements
- Base Quantities: Length (meter), Mass (kilogram), Time (second).
- Derived Quantities: Velocity (m/s), Acceleration (m/s²), Force (Newton), Work/Energy (Joule).
Notation and Significant Digits
- Regular Notation: Standard numerical representation (e.g., 760).
-
Scientific Notation: Uses powers of ten to express large or small numbers.
- Large Example: 280,000,000 = 2.8 x 10^8.
- Small Example: 0.0000056 = 5.6 x 10^-6.
-
Significant Digits Rules:
- Nonzeros are significant.
- Zeros between digits are significant.
- Leading zeros (e.g., 0.0078) are not significant.
- Trailing zeros after decimals (e.g., 0.07800) are significant.
Measurement Concepts
- Accuracy: Closeness to the true value measured using relative error formula.
- Precision: Degree of exactness in measurement, expressed as relative or fractional uncertainty.
Scalar and Vector Quantities
- Scalar Quantities: Have only magnitude (e.g., distance, speed).
- Vector Quantities: Have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, force).
Motion Principles
- Motion: Change in position over time relative to a reference point.
- Acceleration: Rate at which an object's velocity changes.
- Uniformly Accelerated Motion (UAM): Motion with constant acceleration; significant in free fall.
Acceleration Formulas
- Average Acceleration = Change in Velocity / Time.
- Constant acceleration = 9.8 m/s² for freely falling objects.
Free Fall and Projectile Motion
- Free Fall: Motion under gravity without air resistance, accelerating at approximately 9.8 m/s².
- Projectile Motion: Movement in a parabolic path, includes x and y components and time of flight.
Circular Motion
- Tangential Speed (vT): Speed of an object moving in a circular path, constant in uniform circular motion.
- Centripetal Acceleration (ac): Acceleration directed towards the circle's center.
- Centripetal Force (Fc): Net force directing toward the center, calculated as Fc = m * ac.
Newton's Laws of Motion
- First Law (Inertia): Objects at rest stay at rest, and objects in motion continue in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.
- Second Law: Force = mass × acceleration; acceleration is directly proportional to net force.
- Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Work, Energy, and Power
- Work (W): Force applied over a distance, W = F × d; includes angles using cosine in its formula.
- Power (P): Rate at which work is done, P = W/t.
- Mechanical Energy: Total energy comprising kinetic and potential energy.
Momentum
- Momentum: Describes motion difficulty; a vector quantity.
- Impulse: Force applied over time; relates to change in momentum (Impulse = Force × Time).
- Conservation of Momentum: Total momentum remains constant in a closed system without external forces.
Collisions
-
Coefficient of Restitution (e): Ratio of velocities before and after collision; determines elasticity of collisions.
- Elastic Collision: e = 1, total momentum, and kinetic energy conserved.
- Inelastic Collision: 0 < e < 1, momentum conserved, but kinetic energy not.
- Perfectly Inelastic Collision: e = 0, objects stick together post-collision.
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Description
This quiz covers essential measurements to remember in physics, including base and derived quantities. Understand the significance of units like meter, kilogram, and Newton as well as concepts like velocity, acceleration, and work/energy. Test your knowledge and ensure you are well-prepared.
