Important Concepts in Dental Materials

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Questions and Answers

Why is the creep potential of dental amalgam a clinical concern?

Creep can lead to dimensional changes, marginal deterioration, and potential failure of the restoration.

In what scenario would a high hardness number be a disadvantage for a dental material?

High hardness can cause excessive wear on the opposing dentition.

What is the primary failure mechanism of acrylic resin denture bases under cyclic loading, and how can it be mitigated?

Fatigue fracture is the primary failure mechanism. It can be mitigated by proper denture design, material selection, and patient education on denture care.

Under what conditions might yield strength be considered more critical than ultimate strength in a dental material?

<p>When preventing permanent deformation is paramount, such as in orthodontic wires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a sharp snap removal preferred when removing elastic impressions from a patient's mouth?

<p>Sharp snap removal minimizes distortion and ensures accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is stiffness a critical property for materials used in long-span bridges?

<p>Stiffness minimizes flexure and deflection under load, preventing stress concentration and potential fracture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is high impact strength important for denture base materials?

<p>High impact strength prevents fracture during accidental drops or sudden impacts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why the endurance limit of restorative materials should exceed masticatory stresses.

<p>If masticatory stresses exceed the endurance limit, the material will eventually fail due to fatigue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should the base under an amalgam restoration be stiff?

<p>A stiff base provides support and reduces the risk of amalgam fracture under occlusal forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential consequences of opposing natural teeth with porcelain teeth in a restoration?

<p>Excessive wear of the natural dentition due to the high hardness of porcelain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the thermal conductivity of a dental material influence its suitability for use near the pulp?

<p>Materials with high thermal conductivity can cause sensitivity due to temperature changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the difference between tarnish and corrosion in the context of dental materials.

<p>Tarnish is surface discoloration; corrosion involves material degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the water sorption of a dental resin composite?

<p>Water sorption can lead to swelling, degradation, and reduced mechanical properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of silane coupling agents in composite restorations?

<p>To improve bonding between filler particles and the resin matrix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between a restorative material and tooth structure affect the long-term success of a restoration?

<p>CTE mismatch can cause marginal gaps and microleakage due to differential expansion and contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the phenomenon of 'galvanism' in the oral cavity and its potential effects.

<p>Galvanism is the electrical current generated between dissimilar metals, causing pain or metallic taste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is radiopacity an important characteristic for dental materials?

<p>It allows for radiographic detection of restorations and identification of recurrent caries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of polymerization shrinkage in resin-based composites and strategies to minimize its effects.

<p>Polymerization shrinkage is the volumetric contraction during setting. Strategies include incremental placement and using low-shrinkage resins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of acid etching enamel before placing a composite restoration?

<p>To create microporosities for resin infiltration and micromechanical retention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why proper finishing and polishing of dental restorations are important for long-term clinical success.

<p>To reduce plaque accumulation, prevent staining, and minimize wear on the opposing dentition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Creep?

A slow, permanent deformation under constant stress.

What is Hardness?

Resistance to localized plastic deformation (indentation or scratching).

What is Yield Strength?

The maximum stress a material can withstand before permanent deformation occurs.

Elastic Impression Removal

Quick removal minimizes distortion and ensures accuracy.

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Why Stiff Bridge Materials?

Stiffness prevents excessive bending or flexing.

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Denture Base Impact Strength

High impact strength prevents fracturing during sudden forces.

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Endurance Limit

Prevent failure under repetitive loading.

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Stiff Base Under Amalgam?

Support and distribute stress evenly.

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Porcelain vs Natural Teeth

Porcelain can cause excessive wear on natural teeth.

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Study Notes

  • Dental amalgam can be susceptible to creep.
  • A high hardness number in a material can be both beneficial and detrimental.
  • Acrylic resin denture bases can fracture under small cyclic loading.
  • A material's yield strength is more critical compared to its ultimate strength.
  • When removing elastic impressions from a patient's mouth, a swift, snapping action is essential.
  • Stiff materials are required for constructing long-span bridges.
  • Denture bases need materials with high impact strength.
  • Restorative materials should have an endurance limit exceeding masticatory stresses.
  • The base under amalgam should be stiff.
  • Porcelain teeth should not oppose natural teeth.

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