Impetigo Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic appearance of impetigo lesions after vesicle rupture?

  • White crust with pale margins
  • Green crust with purplish margins
  • Honey-colored crust with erythematous margins (correct)
  • Black crust with swollen margins

Which area of the body is impetigo most commonly found on?

  • Legs
  • Back
  • Face (correct)
  • Arms

What is a common symptom of gastrointestinal illness caused by S. aureus toxins?

  • Joint pain
  • Projectile vomiting (correct)
  • Fever
  • Nosebleeds

How soon after ingestion do acute symptoms of S. aureus toxin-contaminated food appear?

<p>6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is impetigo classified as?

<p>Localized infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of food is NOT exempt from causing gastrointestinal illness due to S. aureus toxins?

<p>Salted nuts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the small peptide described in the text?

<p>Interacting with cell membranes and forming channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is composed of proteins designated as S and F and causes pore formation in cellular membranes?

<p>γ-hemolysin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of red blood cells being lysed by hemolysins?

<p>Disruption of cell membranes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is damaged by leukocidins, as described in the text?

<p>Neutrophils and macrophages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the heterogeneous protein described in the text play in damaging eukaryotic cells?

<p>Forming pores on cell membranes for cation passage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do leukodins affect cells according to the text?

<p>Causing degranulation and lysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic that differentiates Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>Biofilm formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition does Staphylococcus saprophyticus significantly contribute to causing infections?

<p>Urinary tract infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes Staphylococcus saprophyticus unique among the Staphylococcal species discussed?

<p>Presence in the female genitourinary tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic makes Staphylococcus epidermidis an opportunistic pathogen?

<p>Less virulence compared to S.aureus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical devices are commonly associated with Staphylococcus epidermidis-related nosocomial infections?

<p>Intravenous catheters and implanted defibrillators (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does urease play in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus saprophyticus-induced UTIs?

<p>Alters the pH of urine to alkaline conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is common in infant botulism?

<p>Difficulty in speech (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible source of C. botulinum spores causing infant botulism?

<p>Honey (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom commonly seen in cases of wound botulism?

<p>Paralysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is primarily affected by infant botulism?

<p>Infants between 3 weeks and 8 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of product can potentially contain C. botulinum spores leading to infant botulism?

<p>Honey (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has wound botulism been increasingly reported in recent years due to?

<p>Injecting drug use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing the Schick test?

<p>To determine susceptibility or immunity against diphtheria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should the Schick test be performed before antitoxin therapy?

<p>To avoid allergic reactions to the horse origin antitoxin therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reaction is monitored up to the 6th day after the Schick test?

<p>Erythema, induration, or necrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if an individual is found to be susceptible to diphtheria in the Schick test?

<p>They should be vaccinated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antitoxin therapy in conjunction with antibiotic therapy for diphtheria?

<p>To neutralize toxins produced by the bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should individuals hypersensitive to diphtheria toxin be vaccinated with caution?

<p>To prevent severe allergic reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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