Impacts of Globalization on Aboriginal Cultures

Aboriginal Impacts of Globalization

• Globalization forces Aboriginal people to change.
• First Nations are often overlooked in global decisions.
• Assimilation is prominent due to globalization.

Accommodation

• A process where cultures interact and create space for each other.
• Customs, traditions, beliefs, and languages of both cultures can be affected.

Acculturation

• Cultural changes from two cultures adapting to each other.

Adam Smith

• European philosopher who believed in individual freedom.
• Low government involvement in daily life.

Anti-Globalization

• Movement criticizing transnational corporations and capitalism.

Assimilation

• A minority group's culture being absorbed by another.
• Minority group loses its identity and takes on the other culture.

Bias

• Prejudiced opinion or preference.

Bretton Woods Conference

• Created two main ideologies for trade and governance:
  • More government intervention (social programs).
  • Free trade (capitalism).
• Formed the IMF and World Bank.

Capitalism

• Economic system prioritizing free trade, competition, and choice.

Collective Identity

• A person's identification with a family, culture, group, or area.

Collective

• A group a person belongs to and identifies with.

Colonial Expansion

• Expanding an empire by taking over land.
• Shaped today's world and influenced Canada's formation.

Colonialism

• A system of one country taking over another for economic/military gain.
• Related to globalization's start.

Communication

• Sharing and interacting.
• Key aspect of globalization.

Consumer Activism

• Consumers influencing corporate policies through purchasing decisions.
• Encourages change in transnational corporations.

Containerization

• Shipping goods in standardized containers.
• Improved global trade efficiency.

Contemporary Issues

• Issues affecting today's society.

Cooperation

• Working together to address global issues like poverty, environmental concerns, and trade.

Cultural Contact

• Interaction between two societies with different cultures.
• Often results in cultural change or assimilation from globalization.

Cultural Diversity

• Variety in cultures and identities.
• Prominent in the globalized world.

Cultural Identity

• How a culture views itself compared to others.
• Affected and changed by globalization.

Cultural Pluralism

• Acceptance of diverse cultures and identities within a society.
• Canada is an example of cultural pluralism.

Cultural Revitalization

• Process of affirming and promoting cultural identity.
• Important for First Nations.

Democratization

• Process of creating a government elected by the people.
• Often driven by outside pressures.

Depopulation

• Reduction in population due to natural or human factors.
• Wars, epidemics, or catastrophes.

Diversification

• Introduction of variety in goods, ideas, or cultures.
• Globalization promotes diversification.

Economic

• Related to money, jobs, and commerce.
• Heavily affected by globalization.

Economic Globalization

• Increased interdependence and interconnectedness in global trade and communication.

Economic Growth

• Sustainable economy; innovation and productivity; high employment.

Economic Interdependence

• Economies relying on other countries.
• Modern economies are mostly interdependent.

Economic Isolationism

• Limiting exports and imports through tariffs and controls.
• Less successful in the globalized world.

Economic Prosperity

• Stable and sustainable economic growth.

Emigration

• Leaving one's home country.
• Easier with improved transportation in the globalized world.

Employment Issues

• Labor market considerations (retention, turnover, termination, etc).

Environmental Interdependence

• The interconnectedness of the world's environments.
• Demands global cooperation for environmental sustainability.

Environmental Legislation

• Bills and laws to protect the environment.

Environmental Sustainability

• Ability to indefinitely use environmental resources.

Epidemics

• Widespread disease outbreaks.
• Easier spread due to increased global interaction.

Ethnic Heritage

• Traditions passed through generations.
• Often affected by globalization.

Eurocentric

• Valuing European ethics, ideas, and beliefs.
• Colonialism was often Eurocentric.

Eurocentrism

• Judging other cultures using European criteria.
• Led to assimilation and cultural destruction in colonized areas.

Expanding Colonies

• Expansion through outposts or colonies.

Foreign Aid

• Money, supplies, and expertise given by one country to another.
• Prominent in a globalized world.

Foreign Investment

• Investments in other countries.
• Creates interconnected economies.

GATT (WTO)

• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (predecessor to WTO).
• Established trade rules to foster economic globalization.

Genocide

• Mass killing of people.
• UN efforts to prevent genocide can be problematic.

Global Citizenship

• Being part of the global community.
• Isolation from the world is no longer possible.

Global Identity

• How we view ourselves in the interconnected world.
• Affected by interactions like trade, communication, and travel.

Global Issues

• Issues impacting many people and areas.
• Often lead to major global changes.

Global Warming

• Increased global average temperature.
• A significant global issue.

Globalization

• Increased interdependence and interconnectedness of the world.

Government Assistance

• Aid provided by governments to businesses and individuals to support economic activities.

Great Depression

• Severe global economic crisis in the 1930s.

Historical Globalization

• Past events impacting global interaction today.
• Includes WWI, WWII, colonization, and independence movements.

Homogenization

• Erasing cultural differences
• Often a negative consequence of globalization.

Human Rights

• Fundamental rights for all humans.
• International standards exist, but implementation can vary.

Hutus

• Group involved in the Rwandan Genocide.

Human Rights Watch

• Advocacy group promoting human rights globally.
• Raises awareness about human rights violations.

Hybridization

• Combining elements from different sources.
• Common in the globalized world.

Identity

• Who someone is; influenced by world events, others, and culture.

IMF

• International Monetary Fund.
• Provides financial assistance and promotes economic reforms.

Imperialism

• Domination of one country over another's institutions and resources.

Imperialists

• Supporters of imperialism.

Standard of Living

• Levels of wealth, comfort, and necessities.

Indigenous

• Originating within a particular area.

Indigenous People

• People of a specific region.
• Often affected by history.

Individual Identity

• A person's unique identity separate from group identity.
• Influenced by globalization and their collective identity.

Industrialization

• Shift from manual to machine labor.
• Transition from workshops to factories.

Integration

• Incorporating a group into society.

International Agreements

• Rules established by the international community.

International Organization

• Groups like the UN, WTO, WHO involving members from around the world.

International Trade

• Importing and exporting across borders.

John Maynard Keynes

• British economist who warned about post-WWI reparations and advocated for more government involvement in the economy.

Knowledge Economy

• Using research, education, ideas, and technology for economic benefit.

Language

• Shapes identity, connected to family, area, and culture.

Legislation

• The creation of laws.

Linguistics

• The study of language, structure, and variation.
• Language is a reflection of culture.

Linguistic Identity

• How language shapes personal identity.

Low Birth Rates

• Reduced birth rates due to factors like childcare challenges.

Marginalization

• Exclusion of certain groups from society due to a lack of desirable traits.

Media Technologies

• Developments affecting media presentation and access.
• Crucial aspect of globalization communication technologies.

Members of NAFTA

• Mexico, USA, and Canada.

Members of G8

• Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the UK, and the USA. (EU included).

Members of the World Bank

• 188 countries.

Mercantilism

• European trade policy (16-19th century).
• Controlled colonial trade to benefit the imperial power.

Mercantilists

• Supporters of mercantilism.

Migration

• Movement of people between countries.
• Easier with globalization increased travel.

Milton Friedman

• Believed in market economies enabling prosperity and adaptability.

NAFTA

• North American Free Trade Agreement.
• Removed trade barriers between Mexico, USA, and Canada.

National Bilingualism

• A country with two official languages.

National Identity

• Defining characteristics of one's country.

Natural Disasters

• Uncontrollable events needing global response.

NGOs

• Non-governmental organizations working locally or globally.

Non-renewable Energy

• Unsustainable energy sources.
• Creates global problems from excessive use.

Oral History

• History passed down through speaking.
• Important for Aboriginal cultures lacking written languages.

Outsourcing

• Reducing costs by using overseas suppliers.

Pandemic

• Worldwide spread of a disease.
• Easier spread due to increased global travel.

Personal Identity

• An individual's unique identity.

Political

• Of or relating to government decision-making in a global context.

Privatization

• Transitioning a public service to private ownership.

Explore how globalization influences Aboriginal peoples and their cultures. This quiz covers concepts like assimilation, accommodation, and the roles of key figures like Adam Smith in the context of globalization. Examine the balance between cultural identity and external pressures in a globalized world.