Week 3

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Questions and Answers

Do patients with dyslipidemia need a change in exercise testing protocols or intensity solely due to their condition?

No, never
Depends on comorbidities (correct)
Depends on age
Yes, always

What percentage of patients taking lipid-lowering medications may experience medication intolerance?

Up to 75%
Up to 25% (correct)
Up to 50%
Up to 10%

What is the conclusion regarding exercise for managing hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia?

Exercise is not beneficial
Exercise has limited benefits
Exercise is harmful
Exercise is essential (correct)

What does the text suggest about the beneficial influence of exercise on circulating lipids and lipoproteins?

It is an acute phenomenon that is lost quickly after exercise cessation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the effect of resistance exercise on blood lipids?

It has a small beneficial effect on blood lipids, similar to endurance exercise (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the message for clinical exercise physiologists regarding exercise and its benefits?

Exercise must be repeated regularly to maintain the acute benefit (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the meta-analyses mentioned in the text, what is the requirement for resistance training to have a beneficial effect on blood lipids?

The training volume must increase progressively over the course of the program (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following statements is false?

The beneficial influence of exercise on lipids is maintained even in highly trained individuals after exercise cessation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of exercise on blood lipids, according to the text?

Both aerobic and resistance exercise have beneficial effects on blood lipids (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following dietary patterns is consistent with the National Lipid Association's recommendations for dietary fat intake?

A Mediterranean-style diet (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key benefits of a Mediterranean-style diet, according to the text?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential benefit of moderate alcohol consumption, according to the text?

It increases HDL cholesterol and enhances vascular endothelial function (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients found in a Mediterranean-style diet is associated with cardiometabolic health, according to the text?

Carotenoids (C) Signup and view all the answers

Activity of the reverse cholesterol transport system is reflected by which of the following?

HDLc (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a physiological function of lipids?

They are all function of lipids (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary target of statin medications?

LDLc (A) Signup and view all the answers

Niacin is also known as what?

B3 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total cholesterol threshold at which exercise is contraindicated?

none of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most effective for the management of hypercholesterolaemia?

Long duration, moderate intensity aerobic exercise (B) Signup and view all the answers

Exercise has the most significant impact on which of the following?

HDLc (B) Signup and view all the answers

How long after exercise to HDLc levels return to normal?

72 hours (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is incorrect?

resistance training has a large impact on blood lipids (A) Signup and view all the answers

The most important aspect of aerobic exercise for lipid management is what?

volume (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key finding regarding the influence of exercise on HDL function?

Exercise enhances the antioxidant properties of HDL and its role in transporting lipid peroxides. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the key finding regarding the impact of resistance exercise on blood lipid levels?

Resistance training is less effective than endurance activities for modifying blood lipid levels. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best summarizes the overall message of the text regarding the effects of exercise on lipid metabolism?

The effects of exercise on blood lipids and lipoproteins are complex and depend on the specific type and intensity of exercise. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which high cellular cholesterol levels regulate cholesterol uptake?

By decreasing the expression of LDL receptors to limit further cholesterol uptake (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between cellular cholesterol levels and LDL receptor expression?

High cellular cholesterol levels lead to a decrease in LDL receptor expression to limit further cholesterol uptake (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of statins in regulating cholesterol levels?

Inhibiting the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis and promoting the upregulation of LDL receptors (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do LDL receptors help prevent the accumulation of cholesterol in artery walls?

By increasing the rate of LDL particle removal from the bloodstream (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the LDL receptor in maintaining optimal cholesterol levels within cells?

Binding and internalizing LDL particles to bring cholesterol into the cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism by which LDL receptors regulate cellular cholesterol levels?

By mediating the endocytosis of LDL particles and recycling back to the plasma membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do high levels of cellular cholesterol affect health according to the text?

They can cause arteriosclerosis and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adopting a healthy diet is crucial for treating dyslipidemia and managing healthy blood lipid concentrations.
Evidence-based dietary recommendations from AHA, NCEP-ATP III, and DASH diet are widely used in clinical practice.
A Mediterranean-style diet is recommended for a dietary fat intake of 25% to 35% of total calories, showing efficacy in mitigating ASCVD risk.
Benefits of the Mediterranean diet include low saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, and enriched nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids and carotenoids.
Functional foods like soluble fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, nuts, and garlic can aid in blood lipid management when combined with lipid-lowering medications.
Different types of hypercholesterolemia increase the risk for premature ASCVD, with familial hypercholesterolemia carrying the highest risk.
Exercise training has positive effects on HDL and triglycerides, with emphasis on aerobic training for at least 300min/wk of moderate-intensity physical activity, split into daily sessions.
Resistance training guidelines include 2-3 sessions per week, focusing on major muscle groups with 8-12 reps for most exercises.
Weight loss accompanying physical activity results in greater health benefits, particularly in improving blood lipids and lipoproteins.
Immediate and transient effects of a single exercise session show beneficial reductions in blood triglyceride concentration and improvements in HDL transport and antioxidant function.

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Description

Explore the study by Valimaki et al. on the effects of exercise on lipoprotein lipids, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Learn about the improvement in HDL transport function and decreased harmful lipid peroxides in LDL. Discover how exercise modifies lipoprotein lipids in dyslipidemia patients.