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Impact of Excess Salts on Plant Growth

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of lowering the pH of calcareous soils under submerged conditions?

Formation of sulfuric acid from inorganic sulfur compounds

Deposition of acid rain

Production of carbonic acid during organic matter decomposition (correct)

Uptake of cations by plants

Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of nitric acid (HNO3) in the soil?

Cation uptake by plants

Organic matter decomposition

Sulfur oxidation

Nitrification (correct)

Which type of soil acidity is determined by measuring the soil pH using a pH meter?

Active acidity (correct)

Potential acidity

Exchangeable acidity

Reserve acidity

Which of the following is the primary factor responsible for the formation of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in the soil?

Microbial oxidation of sulfur compounds (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of soil acidity is determined by titration and provides information on how much lime to apply?

Reserve acidity (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common characteristic of plants that prefer slightly acidic soil conditions?

They require higher soil pH for optimal growth (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pH and pOH according to the text?

pH + pOH = 14 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is responsible for soil alkalinity according to the text?

OH- (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pH according to the text?

The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pH ranges is considered extremely acidic according to the text?

pH < 4.5 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a source of soil acidity according to the text?

Adsorbed hydrogen ions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pH and redox potential in soils?

Decreasing pH increases redox potential (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of soil sodicity on plant growth?

Reduced water uptake and ion-specific toxicities (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does soil sodicity degrade soil properties?

By weakening the bond between soil particles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reference electrode used to measure redox potential?

Platinum electrode with a saturated calomel electrode (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the redox potential range for oxidized soils?

+400 to +700 mV (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can be estimated from the redox potential measurement of a soil?

Whether the soil is aerobic, anaerobic, and the presence of reduced or oxidized chemical compounds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of redox potentials for highly reduced soils?

-250 to -300 mV (C) Signup and view all the answers