Impact of Different Diets on Blood Pressure
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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended office SBP threshold for initiation of drug treatment in patients aged 18 to 79 years?

  • 150 mmHg
  • 160 mmHg
  • 130 mmHg
  • 140 mmHg (correct)
  • At what BP level should drug treatment be initiated in adult patients with a history of predominantly CAD?

  • SBP < 130 mmHg (correct)
  • DBP < 80 mmHg
  • SBP = 140 mmHg
  • DBP = 80 mmHg
  • What is the office SBP threshold for initiation of drug treatment in patients aged ≥80 years?

  • 150 mmHg
  • 160 mmHg (correct)
  • 140 mmHg
  • 170 mmHg
  • Which grade of hypertension requires drug treatment initiation if BP is not controlled?

    <p>Grade 3 (BP ≥180/110)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient group requires individualized office SBP and DBP thresholds for drug treatment initiation?

    <p>Frail patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients ≥80 years, what lower SBP threshold range may be considered for initiation of drug treatment?

    <p>140 – 159 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which age group is the initiation of drug treatment recommended at an SBP of 160 mmHg?

    <p>&lt;80 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which BP range indicates Grade 2 Hypertension?

    <p>160–179/100–109</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood pressure range for Grade 1 Hypertension?

    <p>140-159/90-99</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended intervention to avoid ambulatory BP increases and improve CV health outcome for smokers?

    <p>Smoking cessation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle intervention may help lower BP and reduce total CV risk?

    <p>Mindfulness-based exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume of regular beer might be equivalent to a 'drink' as mentioned in the literature?

    <p>350 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of patients usually require antihypertensive drug treatment alongside lifestyle interventions?

    <p>Most patients with hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average reduction in office SBP that has been shown to substantially reduce major CV events in hypertensive patients?

    <p>$7$ mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle intervention is suggested for stress reduction and may be considered to lower blood pressure?

    <p>Meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifestyle intervention has been shown to reduce premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with arterial hypertension?

    <p>Regular physical activity and structured exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dietary components has less robust clinical trial evidence supporting its ability to lower blood pressure?

    <p>Fruits and vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of nonpharmacological interventions for hypertension, what is the most important factor in reducing premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality?

    <p>Engaging in regular physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle intervention is specifically mentioned as being effective in reducing premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality alongside the DASH diet?

    <p>Salt reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle measure is highlighted as important beyond just blood pressure control?

    <p>Smoking cessation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the listed lifestyle interventions, which one has the least persuasive clinical trial experience supporting its effect on lowering blood pressure?

    <p>Moderation of alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is identified as the Achilles' heel of treatment strategies that involve nonpharmacological interventions for arterial hypertension?

    <p>Low persistence of prescribed measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the guidelines, what action should physicians take after prescribing lifestyle changes to hypertensive patients?

    <p>Establish a follow-up program to monitor adherence and goal achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How effective were low-caloric diets in reducing blood pressure based on a network meta-analysis mentioned in the text?

    <p>6.5 mmHg reduction in SBP and 4.6 mmHg reduction in DBP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with hypertension, what ranked first among all lifestyle interventions for lowering both SBP and DBP?

    <p>Low-caloric diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why lifestyle measures for hypertension management may have low persistence?

    <p>Interference with working or home habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for physicians to establish a follow-up program for hypertensive patients after prescribing lifestyle changes?

    <p>To monitor adherence to prescribed measures and goal achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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