Immunology Quiz on Lymphoid Organs

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are primary lymphoid organs?

Lymph nodes and spleen

Thymus and lymphoid nodules

Red bone marrow and thymus (correct)

Lymphoid nodules and spleen

What is the key difference between lymphoid nodules and lymphoid organs?

Lymphoid nodules are smaller than organs.

Lymphoid nodules are encapsulated, while organs are not.

Lymphoid nodules lack a capsule, unlike organs. (correct)

Lymphoid nodules contain only B cells, while organs contain T cells.

What structure allows lymph fluid to enter a lymph node?

Efferent vessels

Trabeculae

Afferent vessels (correct)

Cortex

Which of the following is NOT part of the innate immune system’s first line of defense?

Phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of white pulp in the spleen?

To house lymphocytes and macrophages that perform immune functions Signup and view all the answers

Which lymphoid organ filters blood and removes old or damaged red blood cells?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

Which component of innate immunity is responsible for killing abnormal cells and pathogens by directly contacting them?

Natural Killer (NK) cells Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the thymus after puberty?

It begins to atrophy, and T cell production decreases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of phagocytes in the immune system?

To phagocytize old red blood cells and pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells are specifically involved in adaptive immunity?

B cells and T cells. Signup and view all the answers

What function does the spleen serve regarding red blood cells?

The spleen filters blood and removes damaged red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response involves antimicrobial substances and inflammation?

Antimicrobial substances and inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the thymus?

Maturing T cells. Signup and view all the answers

What do lymph nodes primarily filter?

Lymph fluid and foreign particles. Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells are directly involved in killing infected or cancerous cells?

Natural Killer (NK) cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a function of innate immunity?

Antibody production. Signup and view all the answers

What structure covers the thymus and separates it into lobules?

A capsule and trabeculae. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lymphoid tissue is primarily found surrounding the central artery in the spleen?

White pulp. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lymphoid Organs and Immune Responses

Primary lymphoid organs include red bone marrow and thymus.
Lymphoid nodules are smaller, lack a capsule, and differ from lymphoid organs which are encapsulated.
Afferent vessels allow lymph fluid to enter lymph nodes; efferent vessels enable lymph to exit.

Innate Immune System

The first line of defense includes skin, mucus, and cilia; it does not include phagocytes.
The innate immune system's second line involves antimicrobial substances and inflammation.
Important innate immune cells like Natural Killer (NK) cells directly kill abnormal and infected cells.

Thymus Functionality

Located in the mediastinum, anterior to the heart, the thymus matures T cells.
Post-puberty, the thymus atrophies, leading to decreased T cell production.

Spleen Structure and Function

The spleen filters blood, removing old and damaged red blood cells, primarily through red pulp.
White pulp of the spleen houses immune cells like B and T cells for immune functions.
Thymic corpuscles in the thymus contain keratin; their specific function remains unclear.

Lymph Nodes and Their Role

Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid, removing foreign particles, and are not responsible for producing antibodies.
They contain primarily B cells and T cells in their white pulp.

Adaptive Immunity

Adaptive immunity involves the production of antibodies and memory cells, providing lasting protection against pathogens, unlike the immediate response of innate immunity.

Summary of Key Aspects

Innate immunity does not include antibody production; functions include inflammation, fever, and phagocytosis.
The thymus is covered by a capsule and trabeculae, which separate it into lobules.
Red pulp contains macrophages, which phagocytize old red blood cells and pathogens, while lymph fluid enters lymph nodes through afferent vessels.

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Description

Test your knowledge on primary lymphoid organs and their characteristics with this quiz. Explore the key differences between lymphoid nodules and organs through multiple-choice questions. This is a great way to prepare for your immunology exam!