Podcast
Questions and Answers
What immunization should be administered to individuals when they reach 65 years of age?
What immunization should be administered to individuals when they reach 65 years of age?
- Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis booster
- Pneumococcal vaccine (correct)
- Herpes zoster vaccine
- Influenza vaccine
At what age is the herpes zoster vaccine recommended for adults?
At what age is the herpes zoster vaccine recommended for adults?
- 65 years
- 50 years
- 60 years (correct)
- 70 years
How frequently should the tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis booster be administered?
How frequently should the tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis booster be administered?
- Only once in a lifetime
- Every 15 years
- Every 10 years (correct)
- Every 5 years
Which of the following groups is more susceptible to infections according to gerontological issues?
Which of the following groups is more susceptible to infections according to gerontological issues?
What is indicated by the primary and secondary antibody responses illustrated in the figure?
What is indicated by the primary and secondary antibody responses illustrated in the figure?
What describes the primary antibody response to an antigen according to the graph?
What describes the primary antibody response to an antigen according to the graph?
What factor contributes to the higher incidence of cancer in older adults?
What factor contributes to the higher incidence of cancer in older adults?
Which immunization is not specified as a recommendation for older adults?
Which immunization is not specified as a recommendation for older adults?
Which condition is characterized by urine output of less than 30 mL/hour and the presence of protein in urine?
Which condition is characterized by urine output of less than 30 mL/hour and the presence of protein in urine?
What are common symptoms associated with glomerulonephritis?
What are common symptoms associated with glomerulonephritis?
Which statement is true regarding multiple sclerosis?
Which statement is true regarding multiple sclerosis?
What is a distinguishing feature of rheumatoid arthritis compared to other forms of arthritis?
What is a distinguishing feature of rheumatoid arthritis compared to other forms of arthritis?
Which of the following describes a significant aspect of immune function testing with human genome mapping?
Which of the following describes a significant aspect of immune function testing with human genome mapping?
Which factor is most likely to result in reduced immune function due to medication use?
Which factor is most likely to result in reduced immune function due to medication use?
What might indicate a patient's exposure to potential immune suppression?
What might indicate a patient's exposure to potential immune suppression?
What symptom is NOT typical of myasthenia gravis?
What symptom is NOT typical of myasthenia gravis?
In what scenario should a nurse consider patient-centered care when drawing blood?
In what scenario should a nurse consider patient-centered care when drawing blood?
What type of behaviors can increase the risk of contracting infections impacting immune function?
What type of behaviors can increase the risk of contracting infections impacting immune function?
What is a typical change in urine characteristics due to transfusion reactions?
What is a typical change in urine characteristics due to transfusion reactions?
How does chronic stress affect the immune system?
How does chronic stress affect the immune system?
Which component of patient history would provide insight into potential immune reactions?
Which component of patient history would provide insight into potential immune reactions?
What is a possible indicator of a life-threatening infection in patients with suppressed immune systems?
What is a possible indicator of a life-threatening infection in patients with suppressed immune systems?
What is a potential consequence of exposure to hazardous chemicals for immune function?
What is a potential consequence of exposure to hazardous chemicals for immune function?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Which of the following practices can help maintain optimal immune function?
Which of the following practices can help maintain optimal immune function?
In assessing a patient for immune disorders, which question is least relevant?
In assessing a patient for immune disorders, which question is least relevant?
What is the significance of having a blood transfusion in relation to immune system assessment?
What is the significance of having a blood transfusion in relation to immune system assessment?
What type of skin condition may present as a rash in patients with HIV associated Kaposi's sarcoma?
What type of skin condition may present as a rash in patients with HIV associated Kaposi's sarcoma?
Which of the following describes a significant potential finding in the neurologic examination for immune disorders?
Which of the following describes a significant potential finding in the neurologic examination for immune disorders?
Which symptom would most likely require immediate reporting to a physician in patients with compromised immune systems?
Which symptom would most likely require immediate reporting to a physician in patients with compromised immune systems?
Which question is crucial in determining the timing of a patient's symptoms related to immune disorders?
Which question is crucial in determining the timing of a patient's symptoms related to immune disorders?
What is NOT a common sign of inflammation or infection that may present in patients with immune disorders?
What is NOT a common sign of inflammation or infection that may present in patients with immune disorders?
What does a decreased RBC count indicate in relation to pernicious anemia?
What does a decreased RBC count indicate in relation to pernicious anemia?
Which values represent the normal range for MCV in mm3?
Which values represent the normal range for MCV in mm3?
An abnormal RDW result could help in determining which condition?
An abnormal RDW result could help in determining which condition?
What does an increased WBC count typically indicate?
What does an increased WBC count typically indicate?
What is the normal range for MCHC in g/dL?
What is the normal range for MCHC in g/dL?
What condition is associated with an increase in WBC count?
What condition is associated with an increase in WBC count?
What is the significance of the MCH test in blood analysis?
What is the significance of the MCH test in blood analysis?
In which type of anemia might you see the mentioned abnormalities in RBC size, shape, and color?
In which type of anemia might you see the mentioned abnormalities in RBC size, shape, and color?
What is the normal percentage range of lymphocytes in adult blood?
What is the normal percentage range of lymphocytes in adult blood?
Which of the following conditions is most likely associated with elevated eosinophils?
Which of the following conditions is most likely associated with elevated eosinophils?
What is the upper limit of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) for a male?
What is the upper limit of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) for a male?
Which autoimmune disorder is NOT commonly associated with a positive Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) test?
Which autoimmune disorder is NOT commonly associated with a positive Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) test?
What is a potential cause of a false negative result in the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate test?
What is a potential cause of a false negative result in the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate test?
The Rheumatoid Factor is typically positive in what percentage of patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
The Rheumatoid Factor is typically positive in what percentage of patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
Which type of white blood cells has the lowest normal percentage in adult blood?
Which type of white blood cells has the lowest normal percentage in adult blood?
What is the normal level of anti-dsDNA antibodies in international units/mL?
What is the normal level of anti-dsDNA antibodies in international units/mL?
What demographic factor is most significant in assessing potential immune disorders?
What demographic factor is most significant in assessing potential immune disorders?
Which question is least likely to provide useful information about a patient's immune status?
Which question is least likely to provide useful information about a patient's immune status?
Why is it important to know a patient's history of allergies?
Why is it important to know a patient's history of allergies?
What aspect of the patient's living environment may influence their immune health?
What aspect of the patient's living environment may influence their immune health?
What familial information is significant when assessing a patient's immune system?
What familial information is significant when assessing a patient's immune system?
What could the presence of a recent exposure to environmental allergens indicate?
What could the presence of a recent exposure to environmental allergens indicate?
How might one's birth location contribute to immune system assessment?
How might one's birth location contribute to immune system assessment?
What is the significance of asking about a patient's cultural background?
What is the significance of asking about a patient's cultural background?
Which symptom is indicative of bone marrow depression?
Which symptom is indicative of bone marrow depression?
How does the herbal preparation licorice interact with corticosteroids?
How does the herbal preparation licorice interact with corticosteroids?
What aspect of a patient's lifestyle is crucial for assessing immune function?
What aspect of a patient's lifestyle is crucial for assessing immune function?
What type of lung sound may suggest an allergic response?
What type of lung sound may suggest an allergic response?
What should be observed during the physical examination of a patient with suspected immune disorders?
What should be observed during the physical examination of a patient with suspected immune disorders?
Which factor may indicate potential immune suppression in a patient?
Which factor may indicate potential immune suppression in a patient?
What characteristic of rashes should be assessed to gather information about immune disorders?
What characteristic of rashes should be assessed to gather information about immune disorders?
What is a potential consequence of inadequate dietary habits on immune function?
What is a potential consequence of inadequate dietary habits on immune function?
What condition is characterized by clear, yellow/amber urine without the presence of protein or pain?
What condition is characterized by clear, yellow/amber urine without the presence of protein or pain?
In patients with myasthenia gravis, which symptom is most prominently observed during repetitive activities?
In patients with myasthenia gravis, which symptom is most prominently observed during repetitive activities?
Which of the following findings would most likely occur in a patient experiencing a transfusion reaction?
Which of the following findings would most likely occur in a patient experiencing a transfusion reaction?
What indicates a severe complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and serum sickness?
What indicates a severe complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and serum sickness?
Which of the following symptoms does NOT typically occur in rheumatoid arthritis?
Which of the following symptoms does NOT typically occur in rheumatoid arthritis?
What neurologic symptom is notably diminished in patients with multiple sclerosis?
What neurologic symptom is notably diminished in patients with multiple sclerosis?
What is a common outcome of gene testing in relation to immune response?
What is a common outcome of gene testing in relation to immune response?
What indicates a significant change in urine output that warrants further investigation?
What indicates a significant change in urine output that warrants further investigation?
What could an increased WBC count indicate in patients with immune disorders?
What could an increased WBC count indicate in patients with immune disorders?
What information does the MCHC test provide in a blood analysis?
What information does the MCHC test provide in a blood analysis?
In patients with pernicious anemia, which laboratory value is indicative of an abnormal condition?
In patients with pernicious anemia, which laboratory value is indicative of an abnormal condition?
Which of these tests would likely be useful in diagnosing the cause of anemia?
Which of these tests would likely be useful in diagnosing the cause of anemia?
What does an abnormal finding in the MCV test usually suggest?
What does an abnormal finding in the MCV test usually suggest?
Which condition is most likely associated with a decreased RBC count?
Which condition is most likely associated with a decreased RBC count?
What is the significance of the RDW test in relation to anemia?
What is the significance of the RDW test in relation to anemia?
What might the normal range of WBC count indicate in a healthy individual?
What might the normal range of WBC count indicate in a healthy individual?
What is the normal range of lymphocytes in adult blood as a percentage?
What is the normal range of lymphocytes in adult blood as a percentage?
Which condition is least likely to cause an increased Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)?
Which condition is least likely to cause an increased Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)?
What is the primary function of complement proteins in the immune response?
What is the primary function of complement proteins in the immune response?
What false negative result might impact the accuracy of an Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate test?
What false negative result might impact the accuracy of an Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate test?
Which type of white blood cell is normally found at the lowest percentage in adult blood?
Which type of white blood cell is normally found at the lowest percentage in adult blood?
In what condition is the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies most commonly observed?
In what condition is the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies most commonly observed?
What is the significance of a positive Rheumatoid Factor (RF) test?
What is the significance of a positive Rheumatoid Factor (RF) test?
Which of the following percentages reflects the normal range of eosinophils in adult blood?
Which of the following percentages reflects the normal range of eosinophils in adult blood?
Why is it essential to verify all allergies before administering medications or foods?
Why is it essential to verify all allergies before administering medications or foods?
What might cause a nurse to consider allergies to shellfish as a serious concern?
What might cause a nurse to consider allergies to shellfish as a serious concern?
What characterizes the proteins that can cause allergic reactions to shellfish?
What characterizes the proteins that can cause allergic reactions to shellfish?
What should a nurse keep in mind when using iodine-based antiseptics for patients with seafood allergies?
What should a nurse keep in mind when using iodine-based antiseptics for patients with seafood allergies?
What is a common misconception regarding iodine and shellfish allergies?
What is a common misconception regarding iodine and shellfish allergies?
In assessing potential immune disorders, what is a critical element of patient history?
In assessing potential immune disorders, what is a critical element of patient history?
What change in the patient's condition might indicate an issue with renal function due to an immune disorder?
What change in the patient's condition might indicate an issue with renal function due to an immune disorder?
What implication does a positive allergy history have for choosing antiseptics during patient care?
What implication does a positive allergy history have for choosing antiseptics during patient care?
Which type of immunity is obtained through vaccination?
Which type of immunity is obtained through vaccination?
Which mechanism primarily involves the direct action of T cells against infected cells?
Which mechanism primarily involves the direct action of T cells against infected cells?
What characteristic defines humoral immunity?
What characteristic defines humoral immunity?
What effect does aging generally have on immune function?
What effect does aging generally have on immune function?
Which class of immunoglobulin is primarily involved in allergic reactions?
Which class of immunoglobulin is primarily involved in allergic reactions?
In patients undergoing diagnostic tests for immune disorders, which type of data is primarily objective?
In patients undergoing diagnostic tests for immune disorders, which type of data is primarily objective?
When assessing a patient for immune disorders, which symptom would be most concerning?
When assessing a patient for immune disorders, which symptom would be most concerning?
Which of the following therapies is commonly used for autoimmune disorders?
Which of the following therapies is commonly used for autoimmune disorders?
Which type of lymphocyte directly attacks foreign cells during an immune response?
Which type of lymphocyte directly attacks foreign cells during an immune response?
What role do antibodies play in the immune response?
What role do antibodies play in the immune response?
Where do T cells complete their maturation process?
Where do T cells complete their maturation process?
What type of response is characterized by the involvement of T cells and B cells?
What type of response is characterized by the involvement of T cells and B cells?
Which substance is released by Natural Killer (NK) cells to induce cell lysis?
Which substance is released by Natural Killer (NK) cells to induce cell lysis?
Which of the following best describes the function of B cells once activated?
Which of the following best describes the function of B cells once activated?
Natural Killer (NK) cells are characterized by which of the following features?
Natural Killer (NK) cells are characterized by which of the following features?
Which term is synonymous with antibodies?
Which term is synonymous with antibodies?
Which demographic factor is particularly vital for understanding susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Which demographic factor is particularly vital for understanding susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
What condition exhibits a higher prevalence among Hispanic, Native American, Asian, and African American women compared to Caucasian women?
What condition exhibits a higher prevalence among Hispanic, Native American, Asian, and African American women compared to Caucasian women?
What is a common characteristic of diseases associated with gender or ethnicity?
What is a common characteristic of diseases associated with gender or ethnicity?
What factor is least likely to influence immune system responses in a patient?
What factor is least likely to influence immune system responses in a patient?
Which statement best describes the relationship between the immune system and gender?
Which statement best describes the relationship between the immune system and gender?
Why is it important to assess the family history of a patient when evaluating potential immune disorders?
Why is it important to assess the family history of a patient when evaluating potential immune disorders?
What aspect of the body's immune response is observed to decrease with age?
What aspect of the body's immune response is observed to decrease with age?
Which population group demonstrates the highest development rate of SLE compared to others?
Which population group demonstrates the highest development rate of SLE compared to others?
What impact does thymectomy have on the immune response?
What impact does thymectomy have on the immune response?
Which of the following disorders is linked to both genetic predisposition and increased incidence in certain ethnic groups?
Which of the following disorders is linked to both genetic predisposition and increased incidence in certain ethnic groups?
What role do identified genes play in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
What role do identified genes play in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
How does splenectomy affect immune function?
How does splenectomy affect immune function?
What is a critical consideration during the nursing assessment of the immune system?
What is a critical consideration during the nursing assessment of the immune system?
Which statement best describes a common effect of aging on the immune system?
Which statement best describes a common effect of aging on the immune system?
Which autoimmune disorder is explicitly mentioned as potentially having a genetic predisposition?
Which autoimmune disorder is explicitly mentioned as potentially having a genetic predisposition?
What symptom is least likely to be associated with bone marrow depression?
What symptom is least likely to be associated with bone marrow depression?
What is a possible outcome when the immune system is compromised due to surgical history?
What is a possible outcome when the immune system is compromised due to surgical history?
Which herbal preparation can enhance the effects of corticosteroids?
Which herbal preparation can enhance the effects of corticosteroids?
Which finding during a physical examination might indicate an immune disorder?
Which finding during a physical examination might indicate an immune disorder?
Which abnormal lung sound is most likely associated with asthma or an allergic response?
Which abnormal lung sound is most likely associated with asthma or an allergic response?
In assessing a patient's dietary habits, what aspect is NOT relevant for understanding immune function?
In assessing a patient's dietary habits, what aspect is NOT relevant for understanding immune function?
Which of the following might NOT indicate an anaphylactic reaction?
Which of the following might NOT indicate an anaphylactic reaction?
What is a common sign noted during a physical examination for someone with potential immune dysfunction?
What is a common sign noted during a physical examination for someone with potential immune dysfunction?
Which respiratory sound is typically associated with upper respiratory infections?
Which respiratory sound is typically associated with upper respiratory infections?
What urine output condition could be indicative of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
What urine output condition could be indicative of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Which symptom is least likely associated with glomerulonephritis?
Which symptom is least likely associated with glomerulonephritis?
What condition is most likely to result in decreased strength and coordination?
What condition is most likely to result in decreased strength and coordination?
Which statement accurately describes the characteristics of urine during a transfusion reaction?
Which statement accurately describes the characteristics of urine during a transfusion reaction?
In the context of immune response, what is the relevance of human genome mapping?
In the context of immune response, what is the relevance of human genome mapping?
Which of the following features distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis from other arthritic conditions?
Which of the following features distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis from other arthritic conditions?
What abnormality is suggested by the presence of hematuria and flank pain?
What abnormality is suggested by the presence of hematuria and flank pain?
Which symptom is most commonly linked to conditions that alter immune response?
Which symptom is most commonly linked to conditions that alter immune response?
Flashcards
Pneumococcal vaccine
Pneumococcal vaccine
Vaccination given once to older adults (age 65 and older) to protect against pneumococcal infections.
Herpes zoster vaccine
Herpes zoster vaccine
Vaccination given once to older adults (age 60 and older) to prevent shingles.
Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis booster
Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis booster
Booster shots for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis given every 10 years.
Primary antibody response
Primary antibody response
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Secondary antibody response
Secondary antibody response
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IgG antibodies
IgG antibodies
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IgM antibodies
IgM antibodies
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Antibody response graph
Antibody response graph
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Immune System Medications
Immune System Medications
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Past Illnesses/Surgeries
Past Illnesses/Surgeries
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Blood Transfusion History
Blood Transfusion History
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Hazardous Chemical Exposure
Hazardous Chemical Exposure
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Risky Behaviors
Risky Behaviors
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Stress and Immune Response
Stress and Immune Response
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Immune Function Assessment
Immune Function Assessment
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Medication's Effect on Symptoms
Medication's Effect on Symptoms
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Immune Disorder Symptoms
Immune Disorder Symptoms
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Patient History for Immune Disorders
Patient History for Immune Disorders
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Suppressed Immune System
Suppressed Immune System
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Low-Grade Fever (Immune)
Low-Grade Fever (Immune)
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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Neurological changes in immune disorders
Neurological changes in immune disorders
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Skin Changes in Immune Disorders
Skin Changes in Immune Disorders
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Renal function
Renal function
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SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
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Serum sickness
Serum sickness
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Transfusion reactions
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Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis
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Patient-centered care
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Latex allergy
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Lymph node biopsy
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RBC Count
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Anemia
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MCV
MCV
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MCH
MCH
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MCHC
MCHC
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RDW
RDW
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WBC Count
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Immunosuppression
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Blood Differential
Blood Differential
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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
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Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
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Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)
Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)
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Complement System
Complement System
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Normal Eosinophil Count
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Normal ESR
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Normal neutrophil count
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Immune System History
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Allergies
Allergies
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Family History (Immune)
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Demographic Data (Immune)
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Recent Exposure (Immune)
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Medication Allergies
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Subjective Data
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Environmental Allergies
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Bone Marrow Depression
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Lifestyle Influence on Immunity
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Immune Disorder Symptoms
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Latex Allergy
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Adventitious Lung Sounds
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Physical Examination in Immune Disorders
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Licorice and Corticosteroids
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Patient History for Immune Disorders
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Renal Function
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SLE
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Serum Sickness
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Transfusion Reactions
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Glomerulonephritis
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Patient-centered care
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Latex Allergy
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Lymph Node Biopsy
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Allergy Verification
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Allergy Identification Jewelry
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Food Allergies
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Shellfish Allergy - Iodine Connection
Shellfish Allergy - Iodine Connection
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Immune-related Renal Impairment
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Neurological Assessment in Immune Disorders
Neurological Assessment in Immune Disorders
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Diagnostic Tests for Immune System
Diagnostic Tests for Immune System
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Spleen Palpation (Immune Disorders)
Spleen Palpation (Immune Disorders)
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RBC Count
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Anemia
Anemia
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MCV
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WBC Count
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Immunosuppression
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Increased WBC Count
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Normal RBC Values
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Significance of Abnormal Findings
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Blood Differential
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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
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Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
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Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)
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Complement System
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Normal WBC Differential
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Normal ESR
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Normal Eosinophil Count
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Aging and Immune System
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Demographic Data (Immune)
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Health History in Immune Function
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Immune Disorder Symptoms
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Patient History: Immune Disorders
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
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Immune System Efficiency
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Gender and SLE Association
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Active Immunity
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Passive Immunity
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Humoral Immunity
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Cell-mediated Immunity
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Lymphocyte
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Antigen
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Antibody
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Immune System Function
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Major Histocompatibility Complex Antigens
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Lymphocytes
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Natural Killer (NK) Cells
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T Cells
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B Cells
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Antibodies
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Immune Response
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Antibody Function
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Bone Marrow Depression
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Lifestyle's Impact on Immunity
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Latex Allergy
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Adventitious Lung Sounds
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Licorice and Corticosteroids
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Immune Disorder Symptoms
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Physical Examination in Immune Disorders
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Patient History for Immune Disorders
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Renal Function
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SLE symptoms
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Serum Sickness
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Transfusion Reaction
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Glomerulonephritis
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Patient-centered care
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Latex Allergy
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Lymph Node Biopsy
Lymph Node Biopsy
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Aging and Immune System
Aging and Immune System
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Increased Infections in Aging
Increased Infections in Aging
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Genetic Predisposition to Disorders
Genetic Predisposition to Disorders
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Thymus Gland Removal
Thymus Gland Removal
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Spleen Removal
Spleen Removal
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Immune System Assessment
Immune System Assessment
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Immune Disorders Impact
Immune Disorders Impact
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Patient History for Immune Disorders
Patient History for Immune Disorders
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Study Notes
Key Terms
- Active immunity: Immunity obtained through exposure to an antigen
- Antibody: A protein produced by the body to fight off an antigen
- Antigen: Any substance capable of inducing an immune response
- Autoimmune: When the immune system mistakenly attacks its own body
- Cell-mediated immunity: Immunity involving T cells attacking infected cells
- Humoral immunity: Immunity involving antibodies produced by B cells
- Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell crucial in the immune system
- Neutrophil: A type of white blood cell that helps destroy pathogens
- Passive immunity: Immunity obtained from another source, such as antibodies from a mother to child
- White blood cells (WBCs): Cells that defend the body against infection
Learning Outcomes
- Identify immunity acquired through vaccination
- Describe two mechanisms of immunity: cell-mediated and humoral
- Discuss the functions of different immunoglobulin classes in immune responses
- Explain how aging affects the immune system
- Describe subjective and objective data collection for patients with immune disorders
- Explain nursing care for patients undergoing immune system tests
- Discuss treatment options for immune system disorders
Immune System Function, Assessment, and Therapeutic Measures
- Immunity: The body's ability to destroy pathogens or foreign material, preventing infectious diseases
- Antigens: Chemical markers identifying cells or molecules; self-antigens are tolerated, foreign ones are destroyed
- Lymphocytes: Three types: natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, and B cells. NK cells destroy foreign cells, T cells attack, and B cells produce antibodies
- Antibodies: Produced by plasma cells, attach to antigens, labeling them for destruction
- Cell-mediated immunity: Targets intracellular pathogens (viruses/fungi), cancer cells, and foreign grafts using cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells
- Humoral immunity: Targets extracellular pathogens (bacteria) using antibodies produced by B cells
- Antibodies: Five classes (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE) with varied locations and functions
Additional Information
- Immune system components include lymphoid organs, lymphocytes, and chemicals activating cells
- The lymphatic system includes lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, nodules, and the spleen; crucial in pathogen filtration and immune cell function
- Aging affects immune system efficiency, making older adults more vulnerable to infections and autoimmune disorders.
- Assessment of immune system includes history of allergies, medications, and past illnesses, as well as physical examinations.
- Diagnostic tests for immune disorders include blood tests, biopsies, and skin tests, helping determine causes and diagnoses.
- Therapeutic measures include medications, treatments to assist in immune function, and potentially surgical intervention.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key terms in immunology, including concepts like active immunity and the roles of different white blood cells. This quiz will help you understand various mechanisms of immunity, such as cell-mediated and humoral responses. Perfect for students learning about the immune system!
