16 Questions
What is the primary function of the stratified and cornified epithelium in the skin?
To provide a mechanical barrier
What is the primary mechanism of particle removal in the lower respiratory tract?
Mucociliary stream
What is the purpose of the nasal hairs in the upper respiratory tract?
To induce turbulence
What is the role of the sebaceous gland secretions in the skin?
To produce bactericidal long chain fatty acids
What is the primary function of the mucous secretions in the upper respiratory tract?
To trap particles
What percentage of particles are removed from the lower respiratory tract through the mucociliary stream?
90%
What is the role of the acid pH in the skin?
To inhibit the growth of disease-producing bacteria
What is the primary mechanism of immune response in the respiratory tract?
Innate immunity
What is the primary purpose of summarizing the differences between innate and adaptive immunity?
To highlight the significance of the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of immune response in the skin?
Recognition of antigens by T lymphocytes
What is the primary function of the mucous stream in the upper respiratory tract?
To transport material to the base of the tongue where it is swallowed
Which of the following is a characteristic of the lower respiratory tract?
It uses the beating action of cilia to remove particles
What is the primary function of the indigenous microbiota in the skin?
To compete with pathogens for resources and space
What is the primary role of the acid pH in the skin?
To inhibit the growth of disease-producing bacteria
Which of the following is a characteristic of the humoral immune response?
It involves the production of antibodies that recognize and bind to antigens
What is the primary role of the lymphocytes in the immune response?
To recognize and respond to antigens
Study Notes
Introduction to Immunology
- Objectives of the course include listing the principal cells and tissues of the immune system, summarizing the differences between innate and adaptive immunity, and describing how lymphocytes respond to foreign antigens.
The Normal Immune Response
Course of Typical Acute Infection
- The concept of innate and adaptive immunity is central to understanding the immune response.
Anatomic Factors of Innate Immunity
- Skin provides a mechanical barrier through stratified and cornified epithelium.
- Indigenous microbiota on the skin competes with pathogens for space and resources.
- The skin's acid pH inhibits the growth of disease-producing bacteria.
- Sebaceous gland secretions contain bactericidal long-chain fatty acids.
Respiratory Tract
- Upper Respiratory Tract:
- Nasal hairs induce turbulence, trapping particles.
- Mucous secretions trap particles and are swallowed at the base of the tongue.
- Nasal secretions contain antimicrobial substances.
- The upper respiratory tract contains a large resident flora.
- Lower Respiratory Tract:
- Particles are trapped on mucous membranes of bronchi and bronchioles.
- The beating action of cilia causes a mucociliary stream to flow up into the pharynx, where it is swallowed, removing 90% of particles.
- Only the smallest particles can reach the alveoli.
Introduction to Immunology
- Objectives of the course include listing the principal cells and tissues of the immune system, summarizing the differences between innate and adaptive immunity, and describing how lymphocytes respond to foreign antigens.
The Normal Immune Response
Course of Typical Acute Infection
- The concept of innate and adaptive immunity is central to understanding the immune response.
Anatomic Factors of Innate Immunity
- Skin provides a mechanical barrier through stratified and cornified epithelium.
- Indigenous microbiota on the skin competes with pathogens for space and resources.
- The skin's acid pH inhibits the growth of disease-producing bacteria.
- Sebaceous gland secretions contain bactericidal long-chain fatty acids.
Respiratory Tract
- Upper Respiratory Tract:
- Nasal hairs induce turbulence, trapping particles.
- Mucous secretions trap particles and are swallowed at the base of the tongue.
- Nasal secretions contain antimicrobial substances.
- The upper respiratory tract contains a large resident flora.
- Lower Respiratory Tract:
- Particles are trapped on mucous membranes of bronchi and bronchioles.
- The beating action of cilia causes a mucociliary stream to flow up into the pharynx, where it is swallowed, removing 90% of particles.
- Only the smallest particles can reach the alveoli.
This quiz covers the introduction to immunology, including the normal immune response, principal cells and tissues of the immune system, and the differences between innate and adaptive immunity.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
