Immunology Basics and History

Immune cells primarily identify and target non-self entities, such as pathogens, while recognizing and preserving self cells.

Immune cells can detect alterations in cell markers that signal abnormal changes or mutations indicative of cancer.

Immune cells utilize a system of checks and balances through signaling molecules and feedback mechanisms to regulate their activation and response.

<p>Immune cells can deploy various strategies such as killing infected cells, stimulating wound healing, and clearing cellular debris.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T and B lymphocytes have the capacity to remember specific pathogens, allowing for a quicker and more effective response upon re-exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It described the concept of immunological memory, noting that survivors of typhoid fever could not be infected again.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variolation involved introducing material from an infected person to a healthy person to confer immunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He developed the first vaccination using cowpox material to provide immunity against smallpox.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He noticed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not contract smallpox when exposed to it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>James developed mild cowpox symptoms but recovered, which indicated the safety of the vaccination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The immune system primarily protects the body against infections and diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variolation began in the 11th century.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cowpox is a less severe disease that, when introduced, can protect against the more deadly smallpox.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunity is the ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful internal and external threats, such as pathogens and cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ilya Mechnikov and Paul Ehrlich were the key contributors, both receiving the Nobel prize for their work on immunity in 1908.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paul Ehrlich concluded that breast milk can transfer immunity from mother to child, protecting the pups while they are breastfed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The immune system is made up of cells, organs, tissues, and molecules that work together to identify, react to, and eliminate threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The immune system starts developing well before birth, influenced by conditions in the uterus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The immune system defends against external threats like bacteria and viruses, and internal threats such as cancer and inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All vertebrates have an immune system, and even some invertebrates without a backbone have immune defenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immune cells must recognize (identify) a threat in order to initiate a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers