Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic appearance of angiosarcomas?
What is the characteristic appearance of angiosarcomas?
- Bulky, pale grey-white, firm masses with poorly defined margins (correct)
- Well-circumscribed, dark brown masses with clear margins
- Large, black, and necrotic masses with hemorrhage
- Small, soft, and friable masses with well-defined margins
What is the common location of the tumor in the given scenario?
What is the common location of the tumor in the given scenario?
- Right ventricle near the pulmonary valve
- Left atrium near the mitral valve (correct)
- Left ventricle near the aortic valve
- Right atrium near the tricuspid valve
What is the primary cell type in angiosarcomas?
What is the primary cell type in angiosarcomas?
- Lymphoid cells
- Endothelial cells (correct)
- Epithelial cells
- Mesenchymal cells
What is the significance of the patient's low-grade fever in the given scenario?
What is the significance of the patient's low-grade fever in the given scenario?
What is the purpose of the scheduled surgery in the given scenario?
What is the purpose of the scheduled surgery in the given scenario?
What is the characteristic feature of well-differentiated angiosarcomas?
What is the characteristic feature of well-differentiated angiosarcomas?
What is the diagnostic tool used to visualize the tumor in the given scenario?
What is the diagnostic tool used to visualize the tumor in the given scenario?
What is the common symptom of cardiac tumors?
What is the common symptom of cardiac tumors?
What is the characteristic of poorly differentiated angiosarcomas?
What is the characteristic of poorly differentiated angiosarcomas?
Why is the tumor in the given scenario moving with the cardiac cycle?
Why is the tumor in the given scenario moving with the cardiac cycle?
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Study Notes
Vascular Disorders
- Vascular disorders include vasculitis and CVS tumors
- Deposition of cryoglobulins can cause vasculitis, small blood vessel injury, and purpura
- Cryoglobulins are formed when viral RNA (e.g., hepatitis C virus) combines with IgG, precipitating in cold temperatures
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)
- Definition: a necrotizing vasculitis involving small and medium-sized muscular arteries in multiple organs and tissues
- Occurs more commonly in adult males than females
- Most commonly affected organs: kidneys, heart, liver, gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and pancreas
- Lesions involve segments of vessels, especially at bifurcations and branchings, as tiny beaded nodules
Vascular Neoplasms: Angiosarcomas
- Typically present as bulky, pale grey-white, firm masses with poorly defined margins
- May have areas of hemorrhage, necrosis, and central softening
- Can be well-differentiated (proliferating endothelial cells around well-formed vascular channels) or poorly-differentiated (anaplastic and pleomorphic cells in solid clusters with poorly identifiable vascular channels)
Cardiac Neoplasms
- A 40-year-old woman presents with dyspnea on exertion and fainting spells, and is found to have a tumor near the mitral valve that moves with the cardiac cycle
- Two-dimensional echocardiography is used to diagnose the tumor, which is then surgically excised
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