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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of immunodeficiency?
What is the definition of immunodeficiency?
- Impairment in function of part or parts of the nervous system that renders the patient more susceptible to infectious diseases
- Impairment in function of part or parts of the immune system that renders the patient more susceptible to infectious diseases (correct)
- Impairment in function of part or parts of the circulatory system that renders the patient more susceptible to infectious diseases
- Impairment in function of part or parts of the digestive system that renders the patient more susceptible to infectious diseases
What are the two broad categories of immunodeficiency?
What are the two broad categories of immunodeficiency?
- Congenital and developmental
- Acute and chronic
- Primary and secondary (correct)
- Inherited and acquired
What distinguishes primary immunodeficiency from secondary immunodeficiency?
What distinguishes primary immunodeficiency from secondary immunodeficiency?
- Primary immunodeficiency is acquired, while secondary immunodeficiency is inherited.
- Primary immunodeficiency is due to a mutation in a gene encoding a molecule of the immune system, while secondary immunodeficiency occurs in an adult animal due to various factors. (correct)
- Primary immunodeficiency is related to age, infection, medical therapy, or chronic disease, while secondary immunodeficiency is due to a mutation in a gene encoding a molecule of the immune system.
- Primary immunodeficiency occurs in adults, while secondary immunodeficiency is inherited and congenital.
Which part of the immune system can be affected by primary immunodeficiency diseases?
Which part of the immune system can be affected by primary immunodeficiency diseases?
Which type of immunodeficiency is characterized by depletion of lymphocytes in the GALT and atrophy of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes?
Which type of immunodeficiency is characterized by depletion of lymphocytes in the GALT and atrophy of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes?
What is the primary cause of immunodeficiency in animals housed indoors in high-density rearing units or animals transported for long distances in close confines?
What is the primary cause of immunodeficiency in animals housed indoors in high-density rearing units or animals transported for long distances in close confines?
Which immunodeficiency is induced when immunosuppressive therapy is used to control autoimmune disease or when chemotherapy is used in the management of cancer?
Which immunodeficiency is induced when immunosuppressive therapy is used to control autoimmune disease or when chemotherapy is used in the management of cancer?
What is the best example of a specific infection causing immunodeficiency in animals?
What is the best example of a specific infection causing immunodeficiency in animals?
What is the characteristic feature of immunosenescence in older animals?
What is the characteristic feature of immunosenescence in older animals?
Which condition leads to a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which condition leads to a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
What is the primary cause of secondary immunodeficiency in adult animals that have had normal immune function until they undergo some form of physiological or pathological changes?
What is the primary cause of secondary immunodeficiency in adult animals that have had normal immune function until they undergo some form of physiological or pathological changes?
Which immunodeficiency is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells?
Which immunodeficiency is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells?
What is the effect of chronic stress on the immune system?
What is the effect of chronic stress on the immune system?
Which condition is likely to lead to increased susceptibility to infection due to impairment of T-cell function?
Which condition is likely to lead to increased susceptibility to infection due to impairment of T-cell function?
What is the primary cause of immunodeficiency in animals afflicted by chronic infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disease?
What is the primary cause of immunodeficiency in animals afflicted by chronic infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disease?
Which condition leads to a depletion of lymphocytes in the GALT and atrophy of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes?
Which condition leads to a depletion of lymphocytes in the GALT and atrophy of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes?
Which breed-specific diseases are clinical features suggesting primary immunodeficiency in animals?
Which breed-specific diseases are clinical features suggesting primary immunodeficiency in animals?
Which disorder is an example of complement deficiencies in animals, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder is an example of complement deficiencies in animals, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder is associated with a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder is associated with a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Which disorder has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Which disorder is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species?
Which disorder is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species?
Which inherited disorder affects neutrophil function and appearance in animals?
Which inherited disorder affects neutrophil function and appearance in animals?
Which animals are predisposed to a range of infectious disorders due to selective immunoglobulin deficiency?
Which animals are predisposed to a range of infectious disorders due to selective immunoglobulin deficiency?
Which disorder in animals is characterized by a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder in animals is characterized by a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder in animals affects neutrophil function and appearance?
Which disorder in animals affects neutrophil function and appearance?
Which disorder in animals leads to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder in animals leads to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder leads to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection in Arabian horses?
Which disorder leads to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection in Arabian horses?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which part of the immune system can be affected by primary immunodeficiency diseases?
Which part of the immune system can be affected by primary immunodeficiency diseases?
What distinguishes primary immunodeficiency from secondary immunodeficiency?
What distinguishes primary immunodeficiency from secondary immunodeficiency?
Which disorder is an example of complement deficiencies in animals, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder is an example of complement deficiencies in animals, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder has been described in dogs and horses, affecting the development of both T and B lymphocytes?
Which disorder has been described in dogs and horses, affecting the development of both T and B lymphocytes?
Which disorder is characterized by a failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection in Arabian horses?
Which disorder is characterized by a failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection in Arabian horses?
Which disorder in animals is associated with a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder in animals is associated with a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
What is the best example of a specific infection causing immunodeficiency in animals?
What is the best example of a specific infection causing immunodeficiency in animals?
Which condition leads to a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which condition leads to a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
What is the primary cause of secondary immunodeficiency in adult animals that have had normal immune function until they undergo some form of physiological or pathological changes?
What is the primary cause of secondary immunodeficiency in adult animals that have had normal immune function until they undergo some form of physiological or pathological changes?
Which disorder is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species?
Which disorder is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder in animals leads to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder in animals leads to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder is associated with a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder is associated with a failure of B cells to produce antibodies?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Which disorder has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
What is the characteristic feature of immunosenescence in older animals?
What is the characteristic feature of immunosenescence in older animals?
Which of the following disorders in animals affects neutrophil function and appearance?
Which of the following disorders in animals affects neutrophil function and appearance?
Which disorder in animals is an example of complement deficiencies, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder in animals is an example of complement deficiencies, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Which disorder has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Which disorder is characterized by a failure of B cells to produce antibodies in animals?
Which disorder is characterized by a failure of B cells to produce antibodies in animals?
Which disorder in animals is associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species?
Which disorder in animals is associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species?
Which disorder is an inherited disorder observed in animals affecting neutrophil function and appearance?
Which disorder is an inherited disorder observed in animals affecting neutrophil function and appearance?
Which disorder in animals leads to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder in animals leads to renal alterations and dense deposit disease?
Which disorder in animals is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder in animals is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder affects neutrophil function and appearance in animals?
Which disorder affects neutrophil function and appearance in animals?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder is characterized by a relative decrease in circulating CD4+ cells and a relative increase in CD8+ cells in older animals?
Which disorder is an example of complement deficiencies in animals?
Which disorder is an example of complement deficiencies in animals?
Which disorder in animals has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Which disorder in animals has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection?
Study Notes
Immunodeficiency Disorders in Animals
- Immunodeficiency disorders range from failure of pluripotent stem cells to production of complement molecules
- Clinical features suggesting primary immunodeficiency in animals include breed-specific diseases, chronic recurrent infections, and failure to respond to vaccination
- Chediak Higashi syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder, is associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species
- Leukocyte adhesion deficiency and Pelger-Huet anomaly are inherited disorders observed in animals affecting neutrophil function and appearance
- Canine C3 deficiency and porcine factor H deficiency are examples of complement deficiencies in animals, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease
- Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection
- Selective immunoglobulin deficiency has been observed in dogs, horses, and cattle, with German Shepherds being predisposed to a range of infectious disorders
- Common variable immunodeficiency is characterized by a failure of B cells to produce antibodies
Immunodeficiency Disorders in Animals
- Immunodeficiency disorders range from failure of pluripotent stem cells to production of complement molecules
- Clinical features suggesting primary immunodeficiency in animals include breed-specific diseases, chronic recurrent infections, and failure to respond to vaccination
- Chediak Higashi syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder, is associated with defective neutrophil function and increased susceptibility to infection in various species
- Leukocyte adhesion deficiency and Pelger-Huet anomaly are inherited disorders observed in animals affecting neutrophil function and appearance
- Canine C3 deficiency and porcine factor H deficiency are examples of complement deficiencies in animals, leading to renal alterations and dense deposit disease
- Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) has been described in Arabian horses, leading to failure to produce functional T or B cells and overwhelming infection
- Selective immunoglobulin deficiency has been observed in dogs, horses, and cattle, with German Shepherds being predisposed to a range of infectious disorders
- Common variable immunodeficiency is characterized by a failure of B cells to produce antibodies
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Test your knowledge of immunodeficiency disorders in animals with this quiz. Explore breed-specific diseases, inherited disorders, and clinical features associated with primary immunodeficiency.
