Immunizations and Vaccines Overview (pg. 15-16)

Study Notes

Immunizations and Vaccines Overview

Immunizations and vaccines significantly influence medical coding and payer guidelines.

Serum Globulins

Serum globulins are derived from blood, useful for diagnosing cancer, liver disease, autoimmune disorders, and nutritional deficiencies.
Serum globulin tests help identify severe health issues.

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is a contagious and potentially fatal disease primarily affecting the nose, throat, and air passages, but it can also infect the skin.
Characterized by a grayish membrane formation over the tonsils and upper throat.

Anthrax Vaccine

Consists of cell protein extract from Bacillus anthracis cultures, utilized for anthrax immunization.

Typhoid Vaccine

Comprised of killed Salmonella Typhi, it is a killed vaccine providing active immunity against typhoid fever.

Pneumococcal Disease

Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, a gram-positive bacterium, it is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia and is also responsible for meningitis and other infections.

Influenza

An acute viral infection affecting humans, marked by respiratory tract inflammation, fever, chills, muscle pain, and intense fatigue.
Commonly referred to as grippe.

Cholera

An infectious disease of the small intestine caused by Vibrio cholerae, leading to severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, muscle cramps, dehydration, and electrolyte loss.

Vaccines

Contain killed microorganisms, living attenuated organisms, or fully virulent organisms, aimed at producing or enhancing immunity against diseases.

Toxoids

Toxoids are bacterial toxins chemically altered to eliminate toxicity while preserving the ability to stimulate antibody production.

Tetanus

Tetanus is marked by spasmodic muscle contractions, particularly affecting the neck and jaw, caused by Clostridium tetani toxin.
Known as lockjaw, it often results from deep wounds.

Yellow Fever

A severe infectious disease caused by a Flavivirus, also referred to as viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF).
Epidemics may arise post-natural disasters due to habitat changes for disease vectors and altered human behaviors.
Incubation lasts three to six days, often asymptomatic, with an invasion period of two to five days featuring sudden symptoms like fever, chills, and muscle aches.
Notable symptom includes a characteristic white, furry tongue surrounded by a red margin.
Unlike other fevers, yellow fever can present Faget's sign, where a high fever occurs without an increased heart rate.

Description

This quiz covers essential information about immunizations and vaccines, focusing on their impact on medical codes and payer guidelines. Key terms such as serum globulins and specific diseases like diphtheria are discussed to deepen your understanding of their significance in diagnosing health issues.

Immunizations and Vaccines Overview (pg. 15-16)

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the serum globulin test?

Which disease is characterized by a grayish membrane covering the tonsils?

What is the incubation period for yellow fever?

During which period do symptoms of yellow fever like fever and chills begin to appear?

What type of organism is the anthrax vaccine derived from?

Which symptom is NOT characteristic of yellow fever during the period of invasion?

What type of vaccine is used for active immunity against typhoid?

What is the primary bacterium responsible for bacterial pneumonia?

What distinctive feature can be observed on the tongue of a yellow fever patient?

What unusual sign may be present in yellow fever that differs from typical infections causing a high fever?

What characterizes cholera?

Which factors have contributed to the increased risk of yellow fever transmission?

What type of substance is a toxoid?

Which of the following is a common symptom reported during the invasion phase of yellow fever?

Which disease is also known as sylvatic fever?