Immunity & Infection Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following types of immunity with their descriptions:

Acquired immunity = Immunity that is developed during a person’s lifetime Inherited immunity = Immunity that is present at birth Naturally acquired immunity = Immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease Artificially acquired immunity = Immunity that results from a vaccination

Match the following types of infections with their characteristics:

Acute infection = Infection of short duration that is often severe Chronic infection = An infection of long duration Latent infection = Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that 'come and go' Communicable disease = A condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person

Match the following types of pathogen transmission with their definitions:

Direct contact = Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva Indirect contact = Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument Permucosal = Contact with mucous membranes, such as the eyes or mouth Droplet infection = Infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth

Match the following terms related to infection control with their meanings:

Infection control = Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents Infection prevention = Ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogens (BBP) Standard = Guidelines designed to protect employees against occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens Standard precautions = Designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or body fluids Signup and view all the answers

Match the following definitions with the appropriate terms:

Pathogen = Disease-causing organism Virulence = Strength of a pathogen’s ability to cause disease Blood-borne disease = Disease caused by microorganisms in blood Blood-borne pathogens = Disease-causing organisms transferred through blood or body fluids Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with the terms related to allergic reactions:

Anaphylaxis = Extreme hypersensitivity to a substance that can lead to shock Hypersensitivity = An exaggerated response to a substance Allergen = A substance that can cause an allergic reaction Immune response = The body's reaction to a perceived threat or pathogen Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to personal protective equipment (PPE) with their descriptions:

PPE = Items used to protect employees such as masks and gloves Gloves = Protective coverings for the hands Masks = Protective gear for the mouth and nose Protective clothing = Apparel designed to shield the body from exposure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to the chain of infection:

Chain of infection = Conditions that must be present for infection to occur Infectious disease = Disease that is communicable Reservoir = Place where pathogens can live and multiply Mode of transmission = Method by which pathogens are spread from one host to another Signup and view all the answers

Match the following immune responses with their mechanisms:

Innate immunity = Non-specific defense mechanisms that respond immediately Adaptive immunity = Specific defense mechanisms that develop over time Cell-mediated immunity = Involves T-cells attacking infected cells Humoral immunity = Involves B-cells producing antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Match the following infection control measures with their purposes:

Hand hygiene = To reduce pathogens on hands Disinfection = To eliminate many or all microorganisms Sterilization = To destroy all forms of microbial life Vaccination = To stimulate an immune response for protection Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Immunity & Infection

Immunity is the body's ability to fight off disease. It can be inherited (present at birth) or acquired during a person's lifetime.
Acquired immunity can be naturally acquired after contracting and recovering from a disease or artificially acquired through vaccination.

Types of Infections

Acute infections are short-lived and often severe.
Chronic infections persist for long durations.
Latent infections are persistent with recurring symptoms.
Communicable diseases spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.

Infectious Disease

Blood-borne diseases are caused by microorganisms carried in blood, like viruses or bacteria.
Blood-borne pathogens are disease-causing organisms transmitted through blood or body fluids.

Infection Control

Infection control aims to prevent the spread of infectious agents.
Infection prevention is the ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies.

Infection Control Practices

Standard precautions are guidelines for protecting healthcare workers from pathogens spread through blood or body fluids. They expand on Universal Precautions which treat all human blood and body fluids as potentially infectious.
Personal protective equipment (PPE), like gloves, masks, and gowns, protect healthcare workers from exposure.

Spread of Infection

Chain of infection refers to the conditions necessary for infection to occur.
Direct contact involves touching or contact with a patient's blood or saliva.
Indirect contact involves touching contaminated surfaces or instruments.
Droplet infection occurs through the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth.

Occupational Exposure

OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogens (BBP) Standard provides guidelines to safeguard employees from occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens.
Occupational exposure includes any anticipated contact with blood or potentially infectious materials, including skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury (puncture).

Pathogen Characteristics

Virulence describes a pathogen's strength in causing disease. It is also known as pathogenicity.

Severe Reactions

Anaphylaxis is an extreme hypersensitivity reaction to a substance that can lead to life-threatening respiratory collapse and shock.

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Description

Test your knowledge on immunity and the different types of infections. This quiz covers acquired immunity, types of infections, blood-borne diseases, and infection control methods. Understand key concepts and terminology related to infectious diseases.