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Questions and Answers
Match the following types of immunity with their descriptions:
Match the following types of immunity with their descriptions:
Acquired immunity = Immunity that is developed during a person’s lifetime Inherited immunity = Immunity that is present at birth Naturally acquired immunity = Immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease Artificially acquired immunity = Immunity that results from a vaccination
Match the following types of infections with their characteristics:
Match the following types of infections with their characteristics:
Acute infection = Infection of short duration that is often severe Chronic infection = An infection of long duration Latent infection = Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that 'come and go' Communicable disease = A condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person
Match the following types of pathogen transmission with their definitions:
Match the following types of pathogen transmission with their definitions:
Direct contact = Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva Indirect contact = Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument Permucosal = Contact with mucous membranes, such as the eyes or mouth Droplet infection = Infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth
Match the following terms related to infection control with their meanings:
Match the following terms related to infection control with their meanings:
Match the following definitions with the appropriate terms:
Match the following definitions with the appropriate terms:
Match the following descriptions with the terms related to allergic reactions:
Match the following descriptions with the terms related to allergic reactions:
Match the following terms related to personal protective equipment (PPE) with their descriptions:
Match the following terms related to personal protective equipment (PPE) with their descriptions:
Match the following terms related to the chain of infection:
Match the following terms related to the chain of infection:
Match the following immune responses with their mechanisms:
Match the following immune responses with their mechanisms:
Match the following infection control measures with their purposes:
Match the following infection control measures with their purposes:
Flashcards
Immunity
Immunity
The body's ability to fight off disease, either inherited or acquired during life.
Acquired immunity
Acquired immunity
Acquired after contracting a disease, or artificially through vaccination.
Acute Infections
Acute Infections
Short-lived and often severe infections.
Chronic Infections
Chronic Infections
Infections that persist for long durations.
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Communicable diseases
Communicable diseases
Infections spread from person to person via body fluids.
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Blood-borne pathogens
Blood-borne pathogens
Disease-causing organisms transmitted via blood or body fluids.
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Infection control
Infection control
Prevention of the spread of infectious agents.
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Standard precautions
Standard precautions
Guidelines protecting healthcare workers from pathogens in blood/body fluids.
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Chain of infection
Chain of infection
Conditions necessary for infection to occur.
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Virulence
Virulence
A pathogen's strength in causing disease.
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Immunity & Infection
- Immunity is the body's ability to fight off disease. It can be inherited (present at birth) or acquired during a person's lifetime.
- Acquired immunity can be naturally acquired after contracting and recovering from a disease or artificially acquired through vaccination.
Types of Infections
- Acute infections are short-lived and often severe.
- Chronic infections persist for long durations.
- Latent infections are persistent with recurring symptoms.
- Communicable diseases spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.
Infectious Disease
- Blood-borne diseases are caused by microorganisms carried in blood, like viruses or bacteria.
- Blood-borne pathogens are disease-causing organisms transmitted through blood or body fluids.
Infection Control
- Infection control aims to prevent the spread of infectious agents.
- Infection prevention is the ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies.
Infection Control Practices
- Standard precautions are guidelines for protecting healthcare workers from pathogens spread through blood or body fluids. They expand on Universal Precautions which treat all human blood and body fluids as potentially infectious.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE), like gloves, masks, and gowns, protect healthcare workers from exposure.
Spread of Infection
- Chain of infection refers to the conditions necessary for infection to occur.
- Direct contact involves touching or contact with a patient's blood or saliva.
- Indirect contact involves touching contaminated surfaces or instruments.
- Droplet infection occurs through the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth.
Occupational Exposure
- OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogens (BBP) Standard provides guidelines to safeguard employees from occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens.
- Occupational exposure includes any anticipated contact with blood or potentially infectious materials, including skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury (puncture).
Pathogen Characteristics
- Virulence describes a pathogen's strength in causing disease. It is also known as pathogenicity.
Severe Reactions
- Anaphylaxis is an extreme hypersensitivity reaction to a substance that can lead to life-threatening respiratory collapse and shock.
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