11 Questions
Which enzyme found in saliva helps destroy bacteria by digesting their cell walls?
Lysozyme
What role does the acidic environment of the stomach play as a barrier to pathogens?
It is fatal to many pathogens
In which part of the body does the mucus layer trap microbes and debris as a protective mechanism?
Eyes
How are potentially contaminated mucus removed from the upper respiratory tract?
By moving it upwards through ciliated epithelial cells to the mouth
Why have multiple barrier mechanisms evolved in the body to protect against pathogens in vital areas?
To provide redundant protection from pathogens
What is the primary function of the innate immune response?
It is relatively rapid and nonspecific in destroying pathogens.
Which statement accurately describes barrier defenses in the body?
Barrier defenses are continuously working to protect against a broad range of pathogens.
How does the skin act as a barrier to prevent the entrance of microorganisms into the body?
By covering itself with dead, keratinized epithelium that is too dry for bacteria to grow.
What is a key feature of the adaptive immune response?
It is slower in its development but highly specific in attacking pathogens.
What is one way in which sweat contributes to the barrier defense against pathogens?
By carrying away bacteria and other pathogens from the skin.
Why are barrier defenses considered part of the body's most basic defense mechanisms?
Because they work continuously to protect against a wide range of pathogens.
Test your knowledge on the innate and adaptive mechanisms of the immune system for destroying pathogens. Explore the differences in speed and specificity between the two responses, as well as the role of physical barriers in the innate immune response.
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