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Questions and Answers
What is the main cause of autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis and Type I diabetes mellitus?
What is the main cause of autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis and Type I diabetes mellitus?
In severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), which cells are usually scarce or absent?
In severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), which cells are usually scarce or absent?
What is the primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
What is the primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
Which of the following is NOT an early symptom of HIV/AIDS?
Which of the following is NOT an early symptom of HIV/AIDS?
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What characterizes the viral infection known as HIV/AIDS?
What characterizes the viral infection known as HIV/AIDS?
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How long can symptoms typically disappear after the initial flu-like illness in HIV/AIDS?
How long can symptoms typically disappear after the initial flu-like illness in HIV/AIDS?
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What environmental factor can play a role in triggering autoimmune diseases?
What environmental factor can play a role in triggering autoimmune diseases?
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What genetic condition leads to the absence of both B and T cells in SCID?
What genetic condition leads to the absence of both B and T cells in SCID?
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Which bodily fluids are involved in the transmission of HIV/AIDS?
Which bodily fluids are involved in the transmission of HIV/AIDS?
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Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by IgE mediation and the release of histamine and inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells?
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by IgE mediation and the release of histamine and inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells?
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What type of hypersensitivity reaction involves IgG or IgM mediation and leads to cytotoxic responses, where antibodies bind to specific cells?
What type of hypersensitivity reaction involves IgG or IgM mediation and leads to cytotoxic responses, where antibodies bind to specific cells?
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In which hypersensitivity reaction do immune complexes cause intense inflammation and tissue destruction?
In which hypersensitivity reaction do immune complexes cause intense inflammation and tissue destruction?
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Which hypersensitivity reaction involves delayed responses without the involvement of antibodies, with TH cells secreting cytokines that activate macrophages and cytotoxic T cells?
Which hypersensitivity reaction involves delayed responses without the involvement of antibodies, with TH cells secreting cytokines that activate macrophages and cytotoxic T cells?
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Which autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the joints, leading to inflammation and tissue destruction?
Which autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the joints, leading to inflammation and tissue destruction?
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In autoimmune diseases, what happens due to the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-self?
In autoimmune diseases, what happens due to the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-self?
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In which hypersensitivity reaction are APCs responsible for activating TH cells that subsequently cause inflammation and tissue damage?
In which hypersensitivity reaction are APCs responsible for activating TH cells that subsequently cause inflammation and tissue damage?
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What is the characteristic of Hypersensitivity Type II reactions in terms of the response they trigger?
What is the characteristic of Hypersensitivity Type II reactions in terms of the response they trigger?
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What characterizes Hypersensitivity Type III reactions?
What characterizes Hypersensitivity Type III reactions?
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Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking synovial membranes in the joints?
Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking synovial membranes in the joints?
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What is the characteristic of Hypersensitivity Type II reactions in terms of the response they trigger?
What is the characteristic of Hypersensitivity Type II reactions in terms of the response they trigger?
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In which autoimmune disease is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) a common example?
In which autoimmune disease is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) a common example?
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What differentiates Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions from other types?
What differentiates Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions from other types?
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Which hypersensitivity reaction involves the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells?
Which hypersensitivity reaction involves the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells?
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What is the primary cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?
What is the primary cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?
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Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and decreased hormone production?
Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and decreased hormone production?
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What is the most common mode of transmission for HIV/AIDS?
What is the most common mode of transmission for HIV/AIDS?
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Which autoimmune disease targets the protective covering of nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body?
Which autoimmune disease targets the protective covering of nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body?
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In HIV/AIDS, what specific type of cells does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) target?
In HIV/AIDS, what specific type of cells does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) target?
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What symptom is characteristic of late-stage HIV/AIDS and often indicates a weakened immune system?
What symptom is characteristic of late-stage HIV/AIDS and often indicates a weakened immune system?
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Which environmental factor is NOT typically associated with triggering autoimmune diseases?
Which environmental factor is NOT typically associated with triggering autoimmune diseases?
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What characterizes the genetic condition in severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) that leads to scarce or absent B and T cells?
What characterizes the genetic condition in severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) that leads to scarce or absent B and T cells?
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What type of lymphocytes are weakly self reactive in autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis?
What type of lymphocytes are weakly self reactive in autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis?
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Hypersensitivity Type I is commonly associated with ______ allergies
Hypersensitivity Type I is commonly associated with ______ allergies
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In Hypersensitivity Type II, antibodies bind to specific cells and stimulate ______ and/or complement activation
In Hypersensitivity Type II, antibodies bind to specific cells and stimulate ______ and/or complement activation
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Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an ______ disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an ______ disease
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Hypersensitivity Type III reactions cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______
Hypersensitivity Type III reactions cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______
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Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions involve the activation of TH cells by APCs, leading to inflammation and tissue ______
Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions involve the activation of TH cells by APCs, leading to inflammation and tissue ______
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Autoimmune diseases result from the immune system's inability to distinguish self from ______
Autoimmune diseases result from the immune system's inability to distinguish self from ______
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In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______
In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______
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Hypersensitivity Type II reactions are characterized by IgG or IgM mediation and lead to ______ responses
Hypersensitivity Type II reactions are characterized by IgG or IgM mediation and lead to ______ responses
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In Hypersensitivity Type III, immune complexes cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______
In Hypersensitivity Type III, immune complexes cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______
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Over 80 AI diseases occur due to weakly self reactive ______
Over 80 AI diseases occur due to weakly self reactive ______
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Autoimmune diseases happen because the immune system cannot distinguish self from non-______
Autoimmune diseases happen because the immune system cannot distinguish self from non-______
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In severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), recessive alleles cause scarce or absent B & T ______
In severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), recessive alleles cause scarce or absent B & T ______
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AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which specifically targets the CD4+ T Helper ______
AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which specifically targets the CD4+ T Helper ______
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The primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is through the transfer of bodily ______
The primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is through the transfer of bodily ______
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Early symptoms of HIV/AIDS include rapid weight loss, fever, and extreme ______
Early symptoms of HIV/AIDS include rapid weight loss, fever, and extreme ______
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Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
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SCID patients must live in protective ______
SCID patients must live in protective ______
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HIV/AIDS transmission can occur through unsafe sex, contaminated needles, breastfeeding, and mother to child during ______
HIV/AIDS transmission can occur through unsafe sex, contaminated needles, breastfeeding, and mother to child during ______
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Hypersensitivity Type I (Acute) is commonly associated with ______ allergies
Hypersensitivity Type I (Acute) is commonly associated with ______ allergies
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Autoimmune diseases occur due to the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-______
Autoimmune diseases occur due to the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-______
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In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______
In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______
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Hypersensitivity Type II reactions are characterized by IgG or IgM mediation and lead to ______ responses
Hypersensitivity Type II reactions are characterized by IgG or IgM mediation and lead to ______ responses
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Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
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Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an ______ disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an ______ disease
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Hypersensitivity Type III reactions cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______
Hypersensitivity Type III reactions cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______
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Hypersensitivity Type II reactions involve antibodies binding to specific cells and stimulating ______ and/or complement activation
Hypersensitivity Type II reactions involve antibodies binding to specific cells and stimulating ______ and/or complement activation
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The primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is through the transfer of bodily ______
The primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is through the transfer of bodily ______
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Over 80 AI diseases occur due to weakly self reactive ______
Over 80 AI diseases occur due to weakly self reactive ______
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AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which specifically targets the CD4+ T Helper ______
AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which specifically targets the CD4+ T Helper ______
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Early symptoms of HIV/AIDS include rapid weight loss, fever, and extreme ______
Early symptoms of HIV/AIDS include rapid weight loss, fever, and extreme ______
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Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
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SCID patients must live in protective ______
SCID patients must live in protective ______
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In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______
In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______
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Autoimmune diseases result from the immune system's inability to distinguish self from ______
Autoimmune diseases result from the immune system's inability to distinguish self from ______
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Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______
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Hypersensitivity Type I is commonly associated with ______ allergies
Hypersensitivity Type I is commonly associated with ______ allergies
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Hypersensitivity Type II reactions involve IgG or IgM mediation and lead to immune complexes that cause inflammation and tissue destruction.
Hypersensitivity Type II reactions involve IgG or IgM mediation and lead to immune complexes that cause inflammation and tissue destruction.
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In Hypersensitivity Type IV, antibodies are directly involved in the immune response triggered.
In Hypersensitivity Type IV, antibodies are directly involved in the immune response triggered.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of a Hypersensitivity Type III reaction.
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of a Hypersensitivity Type III reaction.
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In autoimmune diseases, the immune system can effectively distinguish between self and non-self antigens.
In autoimmune diseases, the immune system can effectively distinguish between self and non-self antigens.
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Rheumatoid arthritis involves the immune system attacking nerve fibers in the joints.
Rheumatoid arthritis involves the immune system attacking nerve fibers in the joints.
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Hypersensitivity Type I reactions involve the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells.
Hypersensitivity Type I reactions involve the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells.
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Autoimmune diseases occur due to the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self antigens.
Autoimmune diseases occur due to the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self antigens.
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Anaphylaxis is a common example of a Hypersensitivity Type II reaction.
Anaphylaxis is a common example of a Hypersensitivity Type II reaction.
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In Hypersensitivity Type III, immune complexes cause mild inflammation and tissue damage in localized regions of the body.
In Hypersensitivity Type III, immune complexes cause mild inflammation and tissue damage in localized regions of the body.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-self.
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-self.
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Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions involve the activation of TH cells by APCs, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.
Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions involve the activation of TH cells by APCs, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.
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Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) is caused by dominant alleles that lead to scarce or absent B & T cells.
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) is caused by dominant alleles that lead to scarce or absent B & T cells.
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In AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus targets CD8+ T Helper Cells instead of CD4+ T Helper Cells.
In AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus targets CD8+ T Helper Cells instead of CD4+ T Helper Cells.
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Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the synovial membranes in the joints, leading to inflammation and tissue destruction.
Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the synovial membranes in the joints, leading to inflammation and tissue destruction.
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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can be transmitted through unsafe sex, contaminated needles, and breastfeeding, but not through mother-to-child transmission during delivery.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can be transmitted through unsafe sex, contaminated needles, and breastfeeding, but not through mother-to-child transmission during delivery.
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an example of an autoimmune disease that occurs due to foreign antigens resembling self antigens.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an example of an autoimmune disease that occurs due to foreign antigens resembling self antigens.
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Multiple sclerosis is classified as a hypersensitivity Type III reaction due to intense inflammation and tissue destruction.
Multiple sclerosis is classified as a hypersensitivity Type III reaction due to intense inflammation and tissue destruction.
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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease where weakly self-reactive lymphocytes target foreign antigens that resemble self antigens.
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease where weakly self-reactive lymphocytes target foreign antigens that resemble self antigens.
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