Lecture 21F

What is the main cause of autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis and Type I diabetes mellitus?

In severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), which cells are usually scarce or absent?

What is the primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Which of the following is NOT an early symptom of HIV/AIDS?

What characterizes the viral infection known as HIV/AIDS?

How long can symptoms typically disappear after the initial flu-like illness in HIV/AIDS?

What environmental factor can play a role in triggering autoimmune diseases?

What genetic condition leads to the absence of both B and T cells in SCID?

Which bodily fluids are involved in the transmission of HIV/AIDS?

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by IgE mediation and the release of histamine and inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells?

What type of hypersensitivity reaction involves IgG or IgM mediation and leads to cytotoxic responses, where antibodies bind to specific cells?

In which hypersensitivity reaction do immune complexes cause intense inflammation and tissue destruction?

Which hypersensitivity reaction involves delayed responses without the involvement of antibodies, with TH cells secreting cytokines that activate macrophages and cytotoxic T cells?

Which autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the joints, leading to inflammation and tissue destruction?

In autoimmune diseases, what happens due to the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-self?

In which hypersensitivity reaction are APCs responsible for activating TH cells that subsequently cause inflammation and tissue damage?

What is the characteristic of Hypersensitivity Type II reactions in terms of the response they trigger?

What characterizes Hypersensitivity Type III reactions?

Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking synovial membranes in the joints?

What is the characteristic of Hypersensitivity Type II reactions in terms of the response they trigger?

In which autoimmune disease is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) a common example?

What differentiates Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions from other types?

Which hypersensitivity reaction involves the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells?

What is the primary cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?

Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and decreased hormone production?

What is the most common mode of transmission for HIV/AIDS?

Which autoimmune disease targets the protective covering of nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body?

In HIV/AIDS, what specific type of cells does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) target?

What symptom is characteristic of late-stage HIV/AIDS and often indicates a weakened immune system?

Which environmental factor is NOT typically associated with triggering autoimmune diseases?

What characterizes the genetic condition in severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) that leads to scarce or absent B and T cells?

What type of lymphocytes are weakly self reactive in autoimmune diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis?

Hypersensitivity Type I is commonly associated with ______ allergies

In Hypersensitivity Type II, antibodies bind to specific cells and stimulate ______ and/or complement activation

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an ______ disease

Hypersensitivity Type III reactions cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______

Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions involve the activation of TH cells by APCs, leading to inflammation and tissue ______

Autoimmune diseases result from the immune system's inability to distinguish self from ______

In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______

Hypersensitivity Type II reactions are characterized by IgG or IgM mediation and lead to ______ responses

In Hypersensitivity Type III, immune complexes cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______

Over 80 AI diseases occur due to weakly self reactive ______

Autoimmune diseases happen because the immune system cannot distinguish self from non-______

In severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), recessive alleles cause scarce or absent B & T ______

AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which specifically targets the CD4+ T Helper ______

The primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is through the transfer of bodily ______

Early symptoms of HIV/AIDS include rapid weight loss, fever, and extreme ______

Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______

SCID patients must live in protective ______

HIV/AIDS transmission can occur through unsafe sex, contaminated needles, breastfeeding, and mother to child during ______

Hypersensitivity Type I (Acute) is commonly associated with ______ allergies

Autoimmune diseases occur due to the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-______

In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______

Hypersensitivity Type II reactions are characterized by IgG or IgM mediation and lead to ______ responses

Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an ______ disease

Hypersensitivity Type III reactions cause intense inflammation & tissue destruction due to immune ______

Hypersensitivity Type II reactions involve antibodies binding to specific cells and stimulating ______ and/or complement activation

The primary mode of transmission for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is through the transfer of bodily ______

Over 80 AI diseases occur due to weakly self reactive ______

AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which specifically targets the CD4+ T Helper ______

Early symptoms of HIV/AIDS include rapid weight loss, fever, and extreme ______

Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______

SCID patients must live in protective ______

In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the synovial membranes in the ______

Autoimmune diseases result from the immune system's inability to distinguish self from ______

Late symptoms of HIV/AIDS can include memory loss, dementia, and rare opportunistic ______

Hypersensitivity Type I is commonly associated with ______ allergies

Hypersensitivity Type II reactions involve IgG or IgM mediation and lead to immune complexes that cause inflammation and tissue destruction.

In Hypersensitivity Type IV, antibodies are directly involved in the immune response triggered.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of a Hypersensitivity Type III reaction.

In autoimmune diseases, the immune system can effectively distinguish between self and non-self antigens.

Rheumatoid arthritis involves the immune system attacking nerve fibers in the joints.

Hypersensitivity Type I reactions involve the release of histamine and other inflammatory chemicals by basophils/mast cells.

Autoimmune diseases occur due to the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self antigens.

Anaphylaxis is a common example of a Hypersensitivity Type II reaction.

In Hypersensitivity Type III, immune complexes cause mild inflammation and tissue damage in localized regions of the body.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system's inability to distinguish self from non-self.

Hypersensitivity Type IV reactions involve the activation of TH cells by APCs, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) is caused by dominant alleles that lead to scarce or absent B & T cells.

In AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus targets CD8+ T Helper Cells instead of CD4+ T Helper Cells.

Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the synovial membranes in the joints, leading to inflammation and tissue destruction.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can be transmitted through unsafe sex, contaminated needles, and breastfeeding, but not through mother-to-child transmission during delivery.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an example of an autoimmune disease that occurs due to foreign antigens resembling self antigens.

Multiple sclerosis is classified as a hypersensitivity Type III reaction due to intense inflammation and tissue destruction.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease where weakly self-reactive lymphocytes target foreign antigens that resemble self antigens.