Immune System and Phagocytosis

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Where does the maturation of B cells take place?

Lymph nodes
Spleen
Thymus gland
Bone marrow (correct)

Which cells are involved in the humoral immune response?

Macrophages
B cells (correct)
T cells
Killer cells

In the humoral response, what does a macrophage do as an Antigen-Presenting Cell (APC)?

Destroys infected host cells
Kills pathogens directly
Produces antibodies
Presents antigens on Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHCs) (correct)

What is the role of T Helper cells in the humoral immune response?

Stimulate T Killer cell division (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Bacterium is engulfed by a macrophage in the humoral response?

Surface antigens are presented on MHCs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of B cells in the humoral immune response?

Produce antibodies (D) Signup and view all the answers

During the effector stage of the humoral immune response, what is the role of plasma cells?

Synthesizing antibodies (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of T Suppressor cells in the immune response?

Halting the immune response (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are formed through mitosis during the effector stage of the humoral immune response?

T memory cells and B eﬀector cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antibodies in the immune response?

Neutralize toxins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which process makes microbes more visible and easier for phagocytes to engulf during the immune response?

Agglutination (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?

Source of antibodies (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between natural active immunity and natural passive immunity?

Natural active immunity arises from exposure to an antigen, while natural passive immunity results from maternal antibodies. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccinations?

Active artificial immunity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is herd immunity and what percentage of vaccination is typically required to achieve it?

Herd immunity makes transmission of a disease very unlikely, typically requiring 80-90% vaccination. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of protecting people from infection with passive or active artificial immunity called?

Immunization (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why does a secondary infection result in a faster and stronger immune response compared to a primary infection?

Due to the presence of Memory T and B lymphocytes from a previous infection. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes active artificial immunity from passive artificial immunity?

Active artificial immunity results from vaccinations, while passive artificial immunity involves injecting antibodies. (A) Signup and view all the answers