Untitled Quiz

<p>Lack of knowledge or expertise about the task material. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The child recalled familiar dinosaurs significantly better. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organize and access information more efficiently. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Familiar materials reduce the cognitive effort required. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory recall. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It slowed down sorting speed for younger children. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expert performance declined with random configurations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Younger children approach tasks with different perceptual and attentional strategies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different levels of expertise can affect how individuals process information. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The influence of level of expertise on cognitive processes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6-year-olds. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Configurations from actual games. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive processes evolve with age and experience. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can enhance the recall of relationships and retrieval cues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children outperformed adults when recalling chess positions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They utilize perceived features but may not recognize underlying classifications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They often categorize based on observable features rather than deeper classifications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expertise creates additional memory cues, enhancing performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How children make inferences about category membership. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tendency to rely on perceptual features for classification. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Believing that all animals that swim must be fish. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Experts remember more about information relevant to their area of expertise. This is because expertise leads to more efficient information acquisition and organization.

Children demonstrate better memory when the information relates to their area of expertise (like toys, dinosaurs).

Children often underperform at memory tests because they lack knowledge (expertise) about the materials in the tests. Known materials lead to better performance.

Familiar material requires less mental effort to encode (store) and retrieve relevant information compared to unfamiliar information.

Researchers used a study with a child expert in dinosaur knowledge to confirm that those with expertise in an area demonstrate better recall about items from that area.

Katherine Nelson's work studied how children store and organize knowledge, focusing especially on their knowledge of events.

Children's memory performance depends on their familiarity and knowledge of the material.

Children with expertise in chess demonstrate better memory for chess-related information than adults with casual chess knowledge.

Knowledge allows for the creation of more retrieval cues, leading to better memory recall, especially when knowledge helps to identify relationships and patterns between pieces of information.

Categorization of objects should sometimes not be solely based on perceived features.

Preschool children may rely on the visual appearance of things to determine categories.

The process of how children acquire and arrange knowledge in their minds.

Children, especially younger ones, have slower sorting times compared to adults when working with complex shapes with irrelevant information.

Relevant dimensions are the crucial features for sorting, while irrelevant dimensions are extra details not needed for sorting.

Adults show consistent sorting speed, not affected by information unrelated to the sorting task.

Chess masters perform better at remembering complex chess positions when those positions reflect real games, but are no better than novices when the positions are random.

Cognitive development, as seen through the information processing lens, includes the acquisition and use of general knowledge.

Cognitive functioning can differ in adults depending on their expertise in the subject matter.

Younger children focus on different aspects of information that adults do.