Sample Quiz

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Firm survival is not about being strong or being big, its about...

being smart

What is the perfect balance for surviving?

75% percent relies on conditions, 25% on process

What are the 4 parts of the model:

Conditions - Motivation

Strategy & Leadership
Structure & Systems
Culture and People

Execution - Ability 4. Innovation projects

Which curve is the Product-Life Cycle

S-curve Signup and view all the answers

What are the push and pull of the product life cycle?

Technical Push & Market Pull Signup and view all the answers

3 Phases

<ol> <li>Fluid Phase</li> <li>Transitional Phase</li> <li>Specific Phase</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

DSM 5C's

Customer, Company, Costs, Competition and Context Signup and view all the answers

Digital disruption is....

detectable, clear, inevitable and new normal Signup and view all the answers

What are barriers?

Economic -> No motivation Cognitive -> No ability Social/Psychological -> No courage Signup and view all the answers

What is the Paradox of AI

Explosion of use, implosion of value Signup and view all the answers

What kind of teams are there:

<ol> <li>Functional teams: Technical & simple problems</li> <li>Light weight team: Solves problems of functional teams</li> <li>Heave teams: Adjacent innovation</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the horizons?

H3: Creators H2: Intrapreneurs: hybrid personalities H1: Managers Signup and view all the answers

Week 1

What is organizational ambidexterity?

Managing efficiency and adaptability? Signup and view all the answers

What are the old and new ways of ambidexterity?

Old way: structural ambidexterity: separating it New way: contextual ambidexterity: balancing it in the same unit Signup and view all the answers

Antecedents of ambidexterity

<ol> <li>Worker & trainer trust</li> <li>Decentralized structure and culture</li> <li>Shared vision and leadership development</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 key attributes for creating supportive context?

<ol> <li>Discipline</li> <li>Stretch</li> <li>Support</li> <li>Trust</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the system theory:

See systems as a complex of interacting elements where the whole is greater than the sum Signup and view all the answers

What kinds of systems are there?

Integrated, closed and open systems Signup and view all the answers

Failures are commonly due to issues with

Existing capabilities or managerial cognition Signup and view all the answers

What are the results of the AI frontier?

Within the frontier there is a quality and productivity boost but outside the frontier there is a quality disrupter. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 ways to navigate the frontier

<ol> <li>Centaur strategy: selectively use AI for specific tasks</li> <li>Cyborg strategy: seamlessly integrate AI assitance into almost every aspect</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the conclusion of both strategies?

Both could be effective but it depends on the nature of tasks and the individual's comfort and skill working with AI Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk for the use of AI:

Over-reliance on AI, especially for outside the frontier. Thereby it could diminish the diversity of ideas in creative processes. Signup and view all the answers

What influences coporate entrepreneurship?

Structural differentiation and integration Signup and view all the answers

What are the moderators of these?

organizational size and environmental dynanism Signup and view all the answers

CE refers to a firms efforts in:

innovation, venturing and strategic renewal Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution of coordination problems of structural differentiation?

Integration mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 key integration mechanisms?

<ol> <li>Shared vision</li> <li>Senior Team Social Integration</li> <li>Cross functional interfaces</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the results of the integration mechanisms?

<ul> <li>Shared vision and cross-functional interfaces had a more positive effect on CE in larger firms.</li> <li>Senior Team Social Integration showed mixed results</li> <li>Shared vision and cross-functional interfaces were diminished in dynamic environments</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What is the conclusion on smaller firms?

The informal communication and close relationships, the need of integration mechanisms is lower. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of innovation do large firms prefer and why?

Incremental innovations, because their established processes focus on efficiency and improving existing products. Signup and view all the answers

Different models of breaking away from these established firms?

<ol> <li>The DIA model</li> <li>Corporate Venture Units</li> <li>Embedded Innovation Groups</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

3 Key competencies for building a capability for innovation

<ol> <li>Technological competency</li> <li>Market competency</li> <li>Organizational competency</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How to overcome resistance to change

Firms need strong leadership and dedicated teams to overcome this Signup and view all the answers

How to help with the challenge to commercialization?

You need clear governance and decision-making structures Signup and view all the answers

Why do senior leadership play an important role in supporting RI

providing the necesarry resources, protecting innovation teams from internal pressures and fostering a culture of learning. Signup and view all the answers

Ambidexterity leads to benefits as:

<ul> <li>Innovation</li> <li>Firm growth</li> <li>Survival</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

3 ways to achieving ambidexterity

<ol> <li>Sequential: switching between periods of exploration and exploitation</li> <li>Structural: separate units or teams for exploration and exploitation</li> <li>Contextual: the firm fosters a culture in which employees are encourage to engage both exploitation with exploration</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

More research needed regarding ambidexterity

<ul> <li>More clarity is needed regarding the definitions of exploration and exploitation</li> <li>More research is needed to understand the role of leadership</li> <li>More research is needed regarding to timing to pursue exploitation and exploration</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 TMT relationships?

Homophilous: with similar firms Heterophilous: With different firms such as Venture Capitals Signup and view all the answers

What is central to how firms respond to technological change

Managerial attention, they often put their attention to familiar, incremental innovations Signup and view all the answers

The attention based view has 3 core principles:

<ol> <li>Focus on attention</li> <li>Situated attention</li> <li>Distributed attention</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of firms have a greater influence on their industry?

High status firms Signup and view all the answers

When are firms more likely to be attuned to emerging technologies?

Venture Capitals that er investing in startups Signup and view all the answers

Where does top managers pay attention to

Top managers will pay attention to the technological changes identified by these Venture Capitals Signup and view all the answers

Discussion about the relationships

Heterophilous relationships (especially involving high-status) venture capitals have a big impact on the timely recognition of technological discontinuities. Homophilous relationships, delay managerial attention to disruptive changes. Signup and view all the answers

What allows TMT top accept and manage the contradictions of exploration and exploitation

Paradoxical cognition Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a firm focusses to much on a exploration or exploitation?

Firms that focus too much on exploitation, risk becoming to stagnant, unable to adapt to technological change. Firms that focus too much on exploration might fail to achieve operational efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 barriers to ambidexterity

<ol> <li>Structural inertia</li> <li>Cognitive bias</li> <li>Risk aversion</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Paradoxical cognition involves 2 key processes

<ol> <li>Differentiation: distincts the requirements of exploration and exploitation</li> <li>Integration: focuses on finding the synergies between them</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 models of embracing paradoxical cognition

<ol> <li>Team-centric</li> <li>Leader-centric</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are Leader-centric teams?

Specific teammembers are assigned distinctive roles, there are quality leader-member interactions but limited member-member interaction, leader coaching to reinforce differentiation, the leader acts as the integrator Signup and view all the answers

Further research

More research in how different organizational context and leadership styles impact the effectiveness. Signup and view all the answers

What are different Top Management Team faultlines

<ol> <li>Demographic faultlines</li> <li>Relationship-related faultlines</li> <li>Task-related faultlines</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the moderater

Environmental dynanism Signup and view all the answers

Results of the faultlines

Relationship-faultlines have a negative impact on strategic change. Task-related faultlines were found to have a positive effect on strategic change Signup and view all the answers

The conclusion of dynamic environments

Dynamic environments have a negative relationship, and a positive effect on the education and task-related Signup and view all the answers

What is scenario planning?

The purpose is to improve decision-making by preparing for a range of possibilities, this creating more flexible and adaptive strategies Signup and view all the answers

What is a cognitive bias

Cognitive bias is a systametic error in thinking that occurs when on processing and interpreting information in the world around them Signup and view all the answers

What are the kinds of cognitive biases:

<ul> <li>Framing bias</li> <li>Overconfidence bias</li> <li>Confirmation bias</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What are psychological traps

<ol> <li>The anchoring trap</li> <li>The status-quo trap</li> <li>The sunk-cost trap</li> <li>The confirming-evidence trap 5, The framing trap</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are 3 key heuristics

<ol> <li>Representativeness</li> <li>Availability</li> <li>Adjustment and anchoring</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the drivers of Radical Innovation

government, labor, capital and culture Signup and view all the answers

What is the dominant force behind RI

Corporate Culture Signup and view all the answers

3 Key attitudes in innovative firms

<ol> <li>The willingness to cannibalize existing products and assets</li> <li>Future market orientation</li> <li>Tolerance of Risk</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Conclusion

Corporate culture is the strongest driver of innovation. Thereby doe the national factors have minimal effect. Signup and view all the answers

Creativity must be paired with characteristics

<ol> <li>Sense of seperateness</li> <li>Extreme self-efficacy</li> <li>Idealism</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Collective dynamics

the combination creates a powerful dynamic that enhances an individual's capacity for RI. hereby these traits reinforce each other Signup and view all the answers

What is a company's identity

A company's identity shapes how it filters technological opportunities and respond to them Signup and view all the answers

Model of identity change with 3 phases

<ol> <li>Self-reinforcing dynamic: identity aligns with its actions</li> <li>Identity ambiguity: with new technology emerges, the identity becomes a constraint</li> <li>Convergence on a new identity: extremed pressure, drive the organization toward a new identity</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the domain identity:

focuses on the firm's membership within a specific category Signup and view all the answers

role identity:

the influence within category Signup and view all the answers

Their influences as

<ol> <li>Shaper (leading and setting industry trends)</li> <li>Follower(responding to external changes)</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Managerial Identity Dissemenation Discource: Is a mechanism that helps firms navigate beyond incremental refinements by fostering an organizational identity that can be centinously redefined and reshaped

It is a tool managers use to remind employees what the company stands for beyond just its products or services. Signup and view all the answers

MIDD impacts RI in 2 ways

<ol> <li>Stimulating no-local search</li> <li>Coordinating knowledge integration</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

The effectiveness of MIDD is influenced by:

<ol> <li>Transformational Leadership</li> <li>Centralization</li> <li>Formalization</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Why are internal corporate ventures important?

They help develop and transform capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Capability creation by ALPHA

new products, patents, personal capabilities and organizational capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Transformations done by ALPHA

transforming the team, ideas, products and capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Where do corporate industries help the entire industry with?

By providing legitimacy Signup and view all the answers

Conclusions on firms

Younger corporate children give their children more freedom, making them better able to compete. Older companies often give their companies more rigid structures that limit their children's ability to succeed. Stand-alone startups often do better in industries around RI Signup and view all the answers

How doe firms adapt to change?

Choose a model : <ul> <li>Structural seperation</li> <li>Behavioral integration</li> <li>Sequential alternation</li> </ul> And develop capabilities aligned with each Signup and view all the answers

Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris