Ijma: Understanding Islamic Consensus
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of Islamic legal thinking?

  • Quran (correct)
  • Consensus of Legal Scholars
  • Ijma
  • Hadith
  • Ijma refers to the consensus of the entire Muslim community regarding an Islamic matter after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

    True

    What does the term 'Riba' refer to in Islamic finance?

    Usury or interest

    The literal meaning of the term Ijma is __________.

    <p>unanimity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Ijma = Consensus among Muslims on Islamic matters Riba = Usurious practices in finance Hadith = Teachings and sayings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Quran = The holy book of Islam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Ijma involves general agreement among Muslims on fundamental beliefs?

    <p>General Ijma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ijma e Amali is based on verbal agreement among Muslims.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the companions' agreement on the caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RZ)?

    <p>It demonstrated Ijma e Qawli as the companions unanimously agreed on a legal matter by speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ijma e Qawli involves unanimous agreement on legal matters by way of __________.

    <p>speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of Ijma with their definitions:

    <p>Ijma e Qawli = Agreement by speech Ijma e Amali = Agreement by action General Ijma = Fundamental beliefs of Islam Legal Ijma = Matters not concluded by Quran or Hadith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ijma

    • Ijma is the unanimous decision of the Muslim community on an Islamic matter after the death of the Prophet.
    • It is the third source of Islamic legal thinking and used when Quran and Hadith do not provide guidance.
    • The Prophet said: "My community will never agree upon an error".

    Types of Ijma

    • The first kind of Ijma is the general agreement of all Muslims on beliefs, like the Quran being revealed by Allah through Gabriel.
    • The second kind of Ijma concerns legal matters and is an agreement of a group of Muslims on issues where the Quran and Sunnah do not provide a final ruling.
    • Ijma e Qawli is an agreement by all Muslims on a legal matter by speech.
    • Ijma e Amali is an agreement on a legal matter by action, like the four Sunnah before Zuhr prayer.

    Examples of Ijma

    • During the battle of Badr, the Prophet consulted with companions and decided on the ransom of prisoners of war.
    • During Hazrat Uthman's caliphate, two calls for prayer on Friday became the Ijma.
    • Tarawwih prayer during Ramadan, with 20 rakat, is Ijma of the companions of Prophet during Hazrat Umar's caliphate.
    • The sighting of the moon every month is decided by a committee of experts, based on Ijma.
    • The ruling of not selling edible items before owning them is Ijma based on a Hadith by one companion, which has been clarified.

    Ijma From The Prophet's Lifetime

    • The Prophet consulted his companions during the battle of Uhad, and followed the opinion of the majority, even though he disagreed.
    • During the battle of trench, the Prophet accepted the suggestion of Salman Farsi to build a trench around Medina.

    Miracles of Prophet Ibrahim

    • The Prophet Ibrahim faced hardships but God reassured him of His blessings.
    • Ibrahim was thrown into a fire but it was cool and comfortable by God's command.

    Miracles of Prophet Isa

    • Isa was given special miracles, including the holy spirit, to speak as a child.
    • Isa was taught the Law and Gospel to teach to the people.
    • Isa was able to give life to the dead and heal the sick by God's will.

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    Description

    Explore the concept of Ijma, the unanimous agreement of the Muslim community on legal matters following the Prophet's death. This quiz covers the different types of Ijma, including Ijma e Qawli and Ijma e Amali, as well as historical examples that illustrate its significance. Test your understanding of how Ijma shapes Islamic legal thought.

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