Questions and Answers
Which one of the above produces muscle paralysis by depolarizing muscle cell membranes?
The effects of this drug can be shortened by the addition of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like neostigmine.
A 47-year-old man has symptoms of hypertension, muscle rigidity, and hyperthermia after anesthesia. Which drug should be used to treat malignant hyperthermia?
A 34-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis is treated for muscle spasm and pain with a drug that activates GABA-B receptors. Which drug is it?
Signup and view all the answers
The use of this drug is associated with histamine release, bradycardia, and stimulation of autonomic ganglionic nicotinic receptors.
Signup and view all the answers
A 47-year-old has an acute spasm due to muscle injury and is treated with an oral drug that has pronounced antimuscarinic action. Which drug is it?
Signup and view all the answers
A 15-year-old patient with cerebral palsy is treated with a drug that activates GABA-B metabotropic receptors to reduce muscle spasms. Which drug was used?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the above produces muscle paralysis by depolarizing muscle cell membranes?
Signup and view all the answers
Increases in acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction reduce the effects of _____ by displacing it from receptors.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Overview
- Succinylcholine leads to muscle paralysis by depolarizing muscle cell membranes; it's a depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant composed of two linked acetylcholine molecules.
- Succinct hydrolysis results in super activation of nicotinic receptors, causing motor unit fatigue.
Drug Interactions
- Rocuronium effects can be shortened by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like neostigmine, as it is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic receptors, requiring acetylcholine levels to be increased for antagonistic effects to diminish.
Malignant Hyperthermia
- Dantrolene is the first-line treatment for malignant hyperthermia, characterized by muscle rigidity, hypertension, and hyperthermia during anesthesia.
- Dantrolene inhibits excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal muscle by acting on the calcium transporter in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Treatment for Muscle Spasms
- Baclofen is used in multiple sclerosis patients for muscle spasms, activating GABA-B receptors, leading to hyperpolarization of motor neurons.
Side Effects of Drugs
- Succinylcholine may cause histamine release, bradycardia, and stimulate autonomic ganglionic nicotinic receptors, which can all lead to bradycardia and other autonomic effects.
Cyclobenzaprine Usage and Profile
- Cyclobenzaprine manages muscle spasms, has pronounced antimuscarinic effects, and produces sedation; related to tricyclic antidepressants.
- Known for toxicity symptoms including dry mouth, fatigue, nausea, and visual disturbances, it is ineffective for treating cerebral palsy or spinal cord injuries.
Pediatric Treatment
- Baclofen is also indicated for treating muscle spasms in children with cerebral palsy by activating GABA-B metabotropic receptors in the spinal column.
Recap of Succinylcholine Properties
- Again confirmed, Succinylcholine is a depolarizing muscle relaxant that produces paralysis by depolarizing neuromuscular junction membranes.
Neuromuscular Junction Dynamics
- Increased acetylcholine in the synapse can reduce the effective concentration of Rocuronium, as it can be displaced from the nicotinic receptors by higher acetylcholine levels.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
