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Questions and Answers

How many followers does Hinduism have?

820 million

How many followers does Buddhism have?

362 million

How many followers does Judaism have?

14.5 million

How many followers does Christianity have?

<p>2.1 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many followers does Islam have?

<p>1.2 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the 3 main gods of Hinduism?

<p>Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does Buddhism have a deity?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the deity of Judaism?

<p>Yahweh</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the deity of Christianity?

<p>God</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the deity of Islam?

<p>Allah</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the founder of Hinduism?

<p>No one founder</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the founder of Buddhism?

<p>Buddha</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the founder of Judaism?

<p>Abraham</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the founder of Christianity?

<p>Jesus</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Jesus found Christianity?

<p>33 CE</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the founder of the Christian church?

<p>Peter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the founder of Islam?

<p>Muhammed</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Muhammed found Islam?

<p>570 AD</p> Signup and view all the answers

While there is no sacred book of Hinduism there are sacred texts such as the ________ and the ________.

<p>Vedas, Puranas</p> Signup and view all the answers

While there is no sacred book for Buddhism, there are sacred texts such as the ____________.

<p>Dhammapada</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the holy book of Judaism?

<p>Hebrew Bible, the Torah</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the holy book of Christianity?

<p>New Testament</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the holy book of Islam?

<p>Qur'an</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the leaders of Buddhism?

<p>Buddhist monks, nuns</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the leaders of Christianity?

<p>Priests, ministers, monks, nuns</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the leaders of Hinduism?

<p>guru, holy man, brahmin priest</p> Signup and view all the answers

There is no clergy but a scholar class called the ulama and imam who may lead prayers in Islam.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the leaders of Judaism?

<p>Rabbi</p> Signup and view all the answers

A basic belief of Buddhism is that people achieve complete peace and happiness (__________) by eliminating their ____________ to worldly things.

<p>nirvana, attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

___________ is achieved by following the Noble Eightfold Path.

<p>Nirvana</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 8 'rights' in the Noble Eightfold Path?

<p>views, resolve, speech, conduct, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Christianity is that there is only one _____ who watches over and cares for his people.

<p>God</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Christianity is that Jesus Christ was the ____ of God. He died to save humanity from ____. His death and resurrection made eternal life possible for others.

<p>Son, sin</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Hinduism is the soul never completely dies but is continually reborn. This is known as?

<p>Reincarnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Hinduism is that persons achieve happiness and ___________ after they free themselves from their earthly desires.

<p>enlightenment</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Hinduism is that ________ from earthly desires comes from a lifetime of worship, knowledge, and virtuous acts.

<p>freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 pillars of Islam?

<p>faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, pilgrimage</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Judaism is that there is only one ____, who watches over and cares for his people.

<p>God</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Judaism is that God loves and protects his people, but also holds people accountable for their ______ and shortcomings.

<p>sins</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the basic beliefs of Judaism is that persons serve God by studying the _____ and living by its teachings.

<p>Torah</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ was the first major religion to teach the existence of only one god.

<p>Judaism</p> Signup and view all the answers

_________ is the first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

<p>Torah</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ Jews obey the Torah without question.

<p>Orthodox</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ and _______ Jews interpret the Torah to make its teachings relevant to today's world.

<p>Conservative, Reform</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ of David, also known as the ________ of David is the universal symbol of Judaism.

<p>star, shield</p> Signup and view all the answers

The star/shield of David refers to King David who ruled the kingdom of __________ from around 1000-962 BC.

<p>Israel</p> Signup and view all the answers

When Jewish children reach the age ___ they enter the adult religious community. This event is marked in the synagogue with a ceremony called a bar mitzvah for _____ and bat mitzvah for _______.

<p>13, boys, girls</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ is the Jewish house of worship and the center of Jewish community life.

<p>Synagogue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Services in the synagogue are usually conducted by a ________, the congregation's spiritual leader.

<p>Rabbi</p> Signup and view all the answers

Many Jews make a pilgrimage to the ______ ______, part of the second temple of Jerusalem which the Romans destroyed in AD 70.

<p>Western Wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is a festival honoring the survival of the Jews, who in 5th century BC were marked for death by their Persian rulers. It is celebrated by sending food and gifts.

<p>Purim</p> Signup and view all the answers

Jewish men are not supposed to leave their head uncovered so they wear a skullcap known as a _________, or kippah.

<p>yarmulke</p> Signup and view all the answers

Followers of Islam believe that God revealed teachings to Muhammed through the _______ ______.

<p>Angel Gabriel</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ Muslims believe that their leaders should follow Muhammed's example.

<p>Sunni</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ Muslims believe that their leaders should be Muhammed's descendants.

<p>Shi'a</p> Signup and view all the answers

Muslims believe in all prophets of Judaism and Christianity.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca.

<p>Hajj</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most important night of Ramadan is called the ________ __ ______.

<p>Night of Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Night of Power is believed to be the night the Angel Gabriel first spoke to __________.

<p>Muhammed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most Hindus come to bathe in the waters of the ______ river because they believe it will cleanse and purify them.

<p>Ganges</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Hindu festival _________ recalls Prahlada who faced death rather than ceasing to worship Vishnu.

<p>Holi</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 major Hindu sects?

<p>Shaktism, Reform Hinduism, Vaishnavites, Shaivites</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 major sects of Christianity?

<p>Roman Catholic, Protestant, Eastern Orthodox</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thousands of Christians visit the ____________ __ __________ in Northern Mexico City which is near the site that is said to have the Virgin Mary appear twice in 1531.

<p>Basilica of Guadalupe</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most Protestant services include _______, ___________, and __________.

<p>praying, singing, sermon</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ is an early symbol of Christianity. It derives from the fact that Jesus called his followers 'fishers of men.'

<p>Fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major Buddhist sects?

<p>Mahayana, Mantrayana, Theravada</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Buddhism, what are the 3 cardinal faults of humanity?

<p>Greed, hatred, delusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

To learn humility, monks must beg for food and money.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Buddhists believe that all living beings possess the potential for ______ _______.

<p>Spiritual growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

A religious ______ is a group within a religion that distinguishes itself by one or more religious beliefs.

<p>sect</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Followers of Major Religions

  • Hinduism has approximately 820 million followers.
  • Buddhism has around 362 million followers.
  • Judaism's following is about 14.5 million.
  • Christianity boasts approximately 2.1 billion adherents.
  • Islam has roughly 1.2 billion followers.

Major Deities and Founders

  • Hinduism recognizes three main deities: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
  • Buddhism does not center around a deity.
  • Judaism worships Yahweh as its singular deity.
  • Christianity identifies God as its deity.
  • Islam recognizes Allah as the one true God.
  • Hinduism has no single founder, while Buddhism was founded by the Buddha.
  • Abraham is recognized as the founder of Judaism, Jesus as the founder of Christianity, and Muhammad as the founder of Islam.

Historical Foundings and Events

  • Christianity was established in 33 CE.
  • Muhammad founded Islam in 570 AD.

Sacred Texts

  • Hinduism does not have a single sacred book but includes texts like the Vedas and Puranas.
  • The Dhammapada serves as a significant text for Buddhism.
  • Judaism's holy book is the Hebrew Bible, or the Torah.
  • Christianity's sacred text is the New Testament.
  • Islam’s holy book is the Qur'an.

Leadership Structures

  • Buddhism is led by monks and nuns.
  • Christianity has various leaders, including priests, ministers, monks, and nuns.
  • Hinduism is guided by gurus, holy men, and Brahmin priests.
  • Islam lacks formal clergy but has a scholar class known as the ulama, with imams leading prayers.
  • Judaism is led by rabbis.

Core Beliefs

  • Buddhism teaches achieving nirvana through detachment from worldly desires.
  • The Noble Eightfold Path includes views, resolve, speech, conduct, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration.
  • Christianity emphasizes belief in one God and Jesus as the Son of God who redeems humanity from sin.
  • Hinduism believes in reincarnation and the pursuit of enlightenment by overcoming earthly desires.
  • Judaism believes in serving God through Torah study and emphasizes divine accountability.

Judaism and Its Practices

  • Judaism was the first major religion to introduce monotheism.
  • The Torah comprises the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.
  • Orthodox Jews strictly adhere to the Torah, while Conservative and Reform Jews interpret it for modern relevance.
  • The Star of David is a prominent symbol of Judaism, representing the ancient kingdom of Israel.
  • At age 13, Jewish boys and girls celebrate bar and bat mitzvah respectively, marking their entry into adult religious life.

Islamic Beliefs and Practices

  • The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim must undertake at least once in their lifetime.
  • The Night of Power commemorates the night when Angel Gabriel first revealed teachings to Muhammad during Ramadan.

Hinduism and Its Traditions

  • The Ganges River is considered purifying for Hindus, who often bathe in its waters.
  • Holi is a festival that celebrates devotion to the god Vishnu through themes of love and sacrifice.

Sects and Variations

  • Major branches of Hinduism include Shaktism, Vaishnavism, and Shaivism.
  • Christianity is divided into Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox denominations.
  • Buddhist sects include Mahayana, Theravada, and Mantrayana.
  • Sects within religions signify groups that distinguish themselves based on specific beliefs.

Additional Notes on Buddhism

  • The three cardinal faults in Buddhism are greed, hatred, and delusion.
  • Monks practice humility by begging for food and sustenance, reflecting a key teaching in Buddhism.
  • Buddhists believe all living beings have the potential for spiritual growth.

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