Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks
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Questions and Answers

How is igneous rock formed?

Igneous rock is formed from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.

How is Granite formed?

Granite forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies underground.

How is Basalt formed?

Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock made from the rapid cooling of lava at Earth's Surface.

How is sedimentary rock formed?

<p>Sedimentary rocks form from the deposits of pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms that accumulate on the Earth's surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is limestone formed?

<p>Limestone is formed when the remains of dead sea creatures pile up on the bed of the sea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

<p>Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or, more commonly, some combination of these factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rocks is classified as igneous?

<p>Granite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rocks is classified as sedimentary?

<p>Limestone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rocks is classified as metamorphic?

<p>Quartzite (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is geothermal energy?

<p>Geothermal energy is heat energy that is harnessed from the Earth's interior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Geothermal energy is a non-renewable energy source.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of geothermal energy?

<p>It is a limited location resource (A), It is expensive to drill deep into the ground (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A finite resource can be used infinitely.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Renewable energy sources are limitless.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-renewable energy sources are harmful to the environment

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a disadvantage of renewable energy sources.

<p>They are costly (A), They require land use (E), They have geographical limitations (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are renewable energy sources?

<p>Tidal (A), Solar (C), Geothermal (D), Wind (E), Hydroelectric Power (F), Biomass (I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Igneous Rock Formation

  • Igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of molten rock (magma).
  • Granite forms from slowly cooling magma rich in silica and alkali metal oxides.
  • Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock, formed from rapidly cooling lava at the Earth's surface.

Sedimentary Rock Formation

  • Sedimentary rocks are formed from pre-existing rock fragments or the remains of organisms that accumulate on the Earth's surface.
  • Limestone forms from the accumulation of the remains of sea creatures.
  • Sandstone forms from compressed sand.

Metamorphic Rock Formation

  • Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo changes due to high heat, high pressure, or hot fluids.
  • Marble forms when limestone is exposed to high temperatures.
  • Quartzite forms when quartz-rich sandstone experiences metamorphism.

Rock Examples in Ireland

  • Granite (Donegal)
  • Limestone (Clare)
  • Quartzite (Wicklow)

Geothermal Energy

  • Uses heat from underground volcanic rocks to generate steam for power.
  • Advantages: clean, continuous energy source, continuous supply of hot water..
  • Disadvantages: expensive to drill deeply, limited locations.

Finite vs. Renewable vs. Non-renewable

  • Finite: Limited in quantity.
  • Renewable: Can be used repeatedly without depleting the source.
  • Non-renewable: Cannot be replenished within a reasonable time frame.

Renewable Energy Advantages and Disadvantages

  • Advantages: Generally environmentally friendly, virtually unlimited.
  • Disadvantages: Often costly, can be affected by geographic limitations, land use concerns.

Non-Renewable Energy Advantages and Disadvantages

  • Advantages: High energy output, often relatively cheap to produce and transport.
  • Disadvantages: Finite resource, environmental problems, potential habitat destruction.

Renewable Energy Examples

  • Wind
  • Solar
  • Tidal
  • Hydroelectric (HEP)
  • Geothermal
  • Biomass

Non-Renewable Energy Examples

  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural Gas
  • Nuclear Energy
  • Peat

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Description

This quiz covers the formation processes of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, including specific examples like granite, limestone, and quartzite. Additionally, it touches on geothermal energy and its connection to the Earth's internal heat. Test your knowledge on rock types and their properties!

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