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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of igneous rocks?
What is the definition of igneous rocks?
- Rocks formed when magma cools and crystallizes or solidifies (correct)
- Rocks formed from layers of sediment
- Rocks formed through extreme pressure and compression
- Rocks formed from the remains of living organisms
What is the meaning of the word 'igneous'?
What is the meaning of the word 'igneous'?
- Earth
- Air
- Fire (correct)
- Water
What is the process where a solid of highly organized atoms or molecules are formed into a solid structure known as a crystal?
What is the process where a solid of highly organized atoms or molecules are formed into a solid structure known as a crystal?
- Crystallization (correct)
- Sedimentation
- Fossilization
- Erosion
What determines the type of crystals formed in igneous rocks?
What determines the type of crystals formed in igneous rocks?
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
Where do igneous rocks form when magma cools?
Where do igneous rocks form when magma cools?
What is magma?
What is magma?
What type of rock is granite?
What type of rock is granite?
What causes the formation of obsidian?
What causes the formation of obsidian?
What type of texture does pumice exhibit?
What type of texture does pumice exhibit?
Which type of rock is characterized by a bubbly texture?
Which type of rock is characterized by a bubbly texture?
What mineral content classification do gabbro and basalt fall under?
What mineral content classification do gabbro and basalt fall under?
What is the silica content in felsic rocks?
What is the silica content in felsic rocks?
What cooling process results in a porphyritic texture?
What cooling process results in a porphyritic texture?
What is the main factor determining the texture of igneous rocks?
What is the main factor determining the texture of igneous rocks?
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Study Notes
Igneous Rocks
- Igneous rocks are rocks that are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
- The word 'igneous' comes from the Latin word 'ignis', meaning fire.
Crystal Formation
- Crystallization is the process where a solid of highly organized atoms or molecules are formed into a solid structure known as a crystal.
- The rate of cooling determines the type of crystals formed in igneous rocks.
Types of Igneous Rocks
- There are two main types of igneous rocks: intrusive and extrusive.
- Intrusive rocks form when magma cools beneath the Earth's surface.
- Extrusive rocks form when lava cools above the Earth's surface.
Magma
- Magma is a mixture of molten rock, gas, and minerals that forms beneath the Earth's surface.
Rock Types
- Granite is a type of felsic rock.
- Obsidian is formed when lava cools rapidly, resulting in a glassy texture.
- Pumice exhibits a porous texture due to the rapid cooling of lava.
Texture
- Rocks with a bubbly texture are characteristic of pumice.
- The rate of cooling is the main factor determining the texture of igneous rocks.
- Porphyritic texture is formed when magma cools slowly, resulting in a mixture of large and small crystals.
Mineral Content
- Gabbro and basalt fall under the mafic mineral content classification.
- Felsic rocks have a high silica content, typically above 65%.
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