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Questions and Answers
What is the primary color of basalt?
What is the primary color of basalt?
Granite is an extrusive rock formed by the rapid cooling of lava.
Granite is an extrusive rock formed by the rapid cooling of lava.
False
What type of rock is basalt and how does it form?
What type of rock is basalt and how does it form?
Basalt is an extrusive rock formed when lava cools and hardens quickly on the Earth's surface.
Granite is known for its __________ texture.
Granite is known for its __________ texture.
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Match the following rocks with their characteristics:
Match the following rocks with their characteristics:
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Study Notes
Basalt
- Colour: Grey/black
- Texture: Medium grained
- Formation: An extrusive rock, formed when lava spreads over Earth's crust during volcanic activity. It cools and hardens quickly, creating tiny crystals that are not visible without a microscope.
- Use: Used in road chippings due to its hardness. It also creates attractive landscapes, like tourist attractions.
- Example: Found in Antrim-Derry Plateau, Northern Ireland (Giant's Causeway). The hexagonal shapes of the basalt columns are formed due to contraction of the lava as it cooled.
Granite
- Colour: Range of colors (black, grey, pink, cream)
- Texture: Coarse grained
- Formation: An intrusive rock, formed when molten magma pushes into the Earth's crust. It cools slowly, creating large crystals.
- Composition: Contains minerals like quartz, feldspar and mica.
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics and formation of basalt and granite, two common igneous rocks. Learn about their textures, colors, uses, and notable examples found in nature, like the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland. Test your knowledge on these fascinating geological formations.
