iGCSE ICT - Theory Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of hardware?

The physical parts of the computer that you can touch.

Which of the following are examples of hardware? (Select all that apply)

  • Software
  • Monitor (correct)
  • Operating System
  • Printer (correct)

Is a microphone an example of hardware?

True (A)

Is a mouse an example of hardware?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a keyboard a piece of hardware?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of software?

<p>A collection of instructions that tell the hardware what to do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of software? (Select all that apply)

<p>Windows Vista (A), Microsoft Word (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is your web browser an example of software?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a database manipulation program an example of hardware?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a word-processing application an example of hardware?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five main components of a computer?

<p>CPU, ROM/RAM, secondary storage, Input devices, output devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are types of operating systems? (Select all that apply)

<p>GUI - Graphics User Interface (B), CLI - Command Line Interface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List five different types of computers.

<p>Personal computer (PC), mainframe, laptop, palmtop, personal digital assistant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are keyboards input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are numeric keypads input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are pointing devices input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are remote controls input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are joysticks input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are touch screens input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are graphics tablets input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are magnetic stripe readers input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are chip readers input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are PIN pads input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are digital cameras input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are video cameras input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are scanners input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are microphones input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are sensors input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are MICRs input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are OMRs input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are OCRs input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are barcode readers input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are light pens input devices?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are monitors input devices?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are printers input devices?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are plotters input devices?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are speakers input devices?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What converts analogue data (such as temperature) to digital?

<p>Analogue to digital converter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CRT monitor stand for?

<p>Cathode Ray Tube Monitor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three advantages of CRT monitors.

<p>They have excellent color accuracy, they have excellent brightness, they have a great viewing angle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three disadvantages of CRT monitors.

<p>They are heavy, they consume a lot of energy, they become very hot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LCD stand for?

<p>Liquid Crystal Display.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three advantages of LCDs and TFTs.

<p>They are light, they take a small amount of desk space, they produce less glare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three disadvantages of LCDs and TFTs.

<p>They have poor color accuracy, they have poor blacks, they are expensive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does TFT stand for?

<p>Thin Film Transistor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List two advantages of a multimedia projector.

<p>They can be shown in a large viewing area, they enhance the user's experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three disadvantages of a multimedia projector.

<p>They have lower image quality, they are expensive, they need noisy fans to cool down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does research define?

<p>Collecting information about the present system works.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does analysis define?

<p>Examining how the present system works and identifying problems with it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does design define?

<p>Coming up with a new system that will fix the present systems problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does production define?

<p>Creating the new system from the design.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does testing define?

<p>Checking if the newly created system works as expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does documentation define?

<p>Creating documents that describe how to use the new systems, and how it works.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does implementation define?

<p>Replacing the present system with the new system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What systems analysis and design stage does evaluation define?

<p>Checking that the new system meets all expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

State four ways a system analyst can collect information about the present system.

<p>Observation, interviews, questionnaires, collecting documents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of using the method of observation for the system analyst?

<p>The people don't work the way they usually do because they're being watched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of using the method of questionnaire for the system analyst?

<p>The information is limited by the questions set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using the method of questionnaire for the system analyst?

<p>It is quick and simple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using the method of observation for the system analyst?

<p>The analyst can gather unbiased information with his/her eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using the method of interview for the system analyst?

<p>A lot of detailed information can be gathered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hardware

Tangible physical components of a computer like monitors and printers.

Software

Instructions that tell hardware what to do; includes applications like Windows and Word.

Input Devices

Devices that allow users to enter data into a computer, e.g., keyboards and cameras.

Output Devices

Devices that present the processed data from a computer, like monitors and printers.

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Types of Computers

Different categories of computers, including PCs, laptops, and mainframes.

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Command Line Interface (CLI)

A type of operating system that requires text commands for interaction.

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Graphical User Interface (GUI)

An operating system with visual elements like windows and icons.

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CRT Monitor

Heavy monitors known for high color accuracy but energy-consuming.

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LCD Monitor

Lighter monitors that save space but may have poor color accuracy.

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Multimedia Projectors

Projectors that enhance viewing experiences but may require cooling and can have lower image quality.

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Systems Analysis

The stage involving understanding current system issues to improve it.

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Data Collection Methods

Ways to gather information about a system, like interviews and observations.

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Observation Method

A data collection method that provides unbiased information but may disrupt normal operations.

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Questionnaires

Quick method for collecting data, limited to predefined questions.

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Interviews

Detailed data collection method through direct conversation, but time-consuming.

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Research Stage

Collecting information about the current system as a preliminary step.

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Design Stage

Developing a new system based on identified issues during analysis.

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Production Stage

Creating the new system based on the design documented earlier.

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Testing Stage

Ensuring the new system functions as intended before full implementation.

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Documentation Stage

Creating guides that help understand and use the new system effectively.

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Implementation Stage

Transitioning to the new system from the old one.

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Evaluation Stage

Assessing if the new system meets the requirements and expectations set.

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Mice

Common input device used to control the computer cursor.

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Keyboards

Input device for typing commands and text into a computer.

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Digital Cameras

Input devices that capture images to be used on a computer.

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Printers

Output devices that produce hard copies of digital documents.

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Palmtops

Small, portable computers typically used for organization tasks.

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Mainframes

Powerful computers mainly used by large organizations for bulk data processing.

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Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)

Handheld devices designed to manage personal information and tasks.

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Study Notes

Hardware and Software

  • Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer that are tangible, such as monitors and printers.
  • Common examples of hardware include microphones, mice, and keyboards.
  • Software consists of a collection of instructions that direct hardware functions; examples include Windows Vista and Microsoft Word.

Types of Computers

  • There are various types of computers including personal computers (PCs), mainframes, laptops, palmtops, and personal digital assistants.

Input and Output Devices

  • Input devices allow data entry and interaction, examples include keyboards, numeric keypads, pointing devices, and digital cameras.
  • Output devices display or present data processed by the computer, including monitors, printers, and speakers.
  • Specific examples of input devices:
    • Joysticks, touch screens, and scanners.

Operating Systems

  • Two primary types of operating systems are Command Line Interface (CLI) and Graphical User Interface (GUI).

Monitors

  • CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors are known for excellent color accuracy and brightness but are heavy and consume a lot of energy.
  • LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitors are lighter, save space, and produce less glare but have poorer color accuracy and can be expensive.

Projectors

  • Multimedia projectors enhance the user experience with large viewing areas but may suffer from lower image quality and require cooling fans.

Systems Analysis and Design

  • Key stages of systems analysis and design include:
    • Research: Collecting information about the current system.
    • Analysis: Understanding and identifying issues with the existing system.
    • Design: Developing a new system to address current problems.
    • Production: Creating the new system based on the design.
    • Testing: Ensuring the new system functions as intended.
    • Documentation: Creating guides for using and understanding the new system.
    • Implementation: Transitioning to the new system.
    • Evaluation: Ensuring the new system meets established expectations.

Data Collection Methods

  • Methods for collecting system information include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document collection.
  • Advantages and disadvantages of these methods vary; for instance:
    • Observation can yield unbiased information but may disrupt normal work.
    • Questionnaires are quick and simple but limit information to predefined questions.
    • Interviews can provide detailed insights, but they may be time-consuming.

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Test your knowledge of hardware concepts in the iGCSE ICT curriculum with these flashcards. Each card presents a definition or question that will help reinforce your understanding of essential hardware components and terminology. Perfect for quick reviews and exam preparation!

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