iGCSE ICT - Theory Flashcards
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What is the definition of hardware?

The physical parts of the computer that you can touch.

Which of the following are examples of hardware? (Select all that apply)

  • Software
  • Monitor (correct)
  • Operating System
  • Printer (correct)

    • Is a microphone an example of hardware?

    True (A)

    Is a mouse an example of hardware?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is a keyboard a piece of hardware?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of software?

    <p>A collection of instructions that tell the hardware what to do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are examples of software? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Windows Vista (A), Microsoft Word (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is your web browser an example of software?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is a database manipulation program an example of hardware?

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is a word-processing application an example of hardware?

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five main components of a computer?

    <p>CPU, ROM/RAM, secondary storage, Input devices, output devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are types of operating systems? (Select all that apply)

    <p>GUI - Graphics User Interface (B), CLI - Command Line Interface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List five different types of computers.

    <p>Personal computer (PC), mainframe, laptop, palmtop, personal digital assistant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are keyboards input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are numeric keypads input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are pointing devices input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are remote controls input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are joysticks input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are touch screens input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are graphics tablets input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are magnetic stripe readers input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are chip readers input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are PIN pads input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are digital cameras input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are video cameras input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are scanners input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are microphones input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are sensors input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are MICRs input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are OMRs input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are OCRs input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are barcode readers input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are light pens input devices?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are monitors input devices?

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are printers input devices?

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are plotters input devices?

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are speakers input devices?

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What converts analogue data (such as temperature) to digital?

    <p>Analogue to digital converter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CRT monitor stand for?

    <p>Cathode Ray Tube Monitor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three advantages of CRT monitors.

    <p>They have excellent color accuracy, they have excellent brightness, they have a great viewing angle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three disadvantages of CRT monitors.

    <p>They are heavy, they consume a lot of energy, they become very hot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does LCD stand for?

    <p>Liquid Crystal Display.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three advantages of LCDs and TFTs.

    <p>They are light, they take a small amount of desk space, they produce less glare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three disadvantages of LCDs and TFTs.

    <p>They have poor color accuracy, they have poor blacks, they are expensive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does TFT stand for?

    <p>Thin Film Transistor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List two advantages of a multimedia projector.

    <p>They can be shown in a large viewing area, they enhance the user's experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three disadvantages of a multimedia projector.

    <p>They have lower image quality, they are expensive, they need noisy fans to cool down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does research define?

    <p>Collecting information about the present system works.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does analysis define?

    <p>Examining how the present system works and identifying problems with it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does design define?

    <p>Coming up with a new system that will fix the present systems problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does production define?

    <p>Creating the new system from the design.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does testing define?

    <p>Checking if the newly created system works as expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does documentation define?

    <p>Creating documents that describe how to use the new systems, and how it works.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does implementation define?

    <p>Replacing the present system with the new system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems analysis and design stage does evaluation define?

    <p>Checking that the new system meets all expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State four ways a system analyst can collect information about the present system.

    <p>Observation, interviews, questionnaires, collecting documents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using the method of observation for the system analyst?

    <p>The people don't work the way they usually do because they're being watched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using the method of questionnaire for the system analyst?

    <p>The information is limited by the questions set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using the method of questionnaire for the system analyst?

    <p>It is quick and simple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using the method of observation for the system analyst?

    <p>The analyst can gather unbiased information with his/her eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using the method of interview for the system analyst?

    <p>A lot of detailed information can be gathered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hardware and Software

    • Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer that are tangible, such as monitors and printers.
    • Common examples of hardware include microphones, mice, and keyboards.
    • Software consists of a collection of instructions that direct hardware functions; examples include Windows Vista and Microsoft Word.

    Types of Computers

    • There are various types of computers including personal computers (PCs), mainframes, laptops, palmtops, and personal digital assistants.

    Input and Output Devices

    • Input devices allow data entry and interaction, examples include keyboards, numeric keypads, pointing devices, and digital cameras.
    • Output devices display or present data processed by the computer, including monitors, printers, and speakers.
    • Specific examples of input devices:
      • Joysticks, touch screens, and scanners.

    Operating Systems

    • Two primary types of operating systems are Command Line Interface (CLI) and Graphical User Interface (GUI).

    Monitors

    • CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors are known for excellent color accuracy and brightness but are heavy and consume a lot of energy.
    • LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitors are lighter, save space, and produce less glare but have poorer color accuracy and can be expensive.

    Projectors

    • Multimedia projectors enhance the user experience with large viewing areas but may suffer from lower image quality and require cooling fans.

    Systems Analysis and Design

    • Key stages of systems analysis and design include:
      • Research: Collecting information about the current system.
      • Analysis: Understanding and identifying issues with the existing system.
      • Design: Developing a new system to address current problems.
      • Production: Creating the new system based on the design.
      • Testing: Ensuring the new system functions as intended.
      • Documentation: Creating guides for using and understanding the new system.
      • Implementation: Transitioning to the new system.
      • Evaluation: Ensuring the new system meets established expectations.

    Data Collection Methods

    • Methods for collecting system information include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document collection.
    • Advantages and disadvantages of these methods vary; for instance:
      • Observation can yield unbiased information but may disrupt normal work.
      • Questionnaires are quick and simple but limit information to predefined questions.
      • Interviews can provide detailed insights, but they may be time-consuming.

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    Test your knowledge of hardware concepts in the iGCSE ICT curriculum with these flashcards. Each card presents a definition or question that will help reinforce your understanding of essential hardware components and terminology. Perfect for quick reviews and exam preparation!

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