IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Metals and Non-metals
21 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What can be inferred about a metal that shows a small temperature change during a reaction?

  • It is a strong reducing agent.
  • It is likely very reactive.
  • It is likely low in the reactivity series. (correct)
  • It loses electrons easily.

    • Which statement best describes the significance of an atom's ability to lose electrons in terms of reactivity?

  • Reactivity decreases as the ability to lose electrons increases.
  • Metals that lose electrons easily are considered less reactive.
  • Greater electron loss correlates with higher reactivity. (correct)
  • All metals lose electrons at the same rate.

    • In a displacement reaction involving metals, what role do the more reactive metals play?

  • They displace less reactive metals from their salts. (correct)
  • They form negative ions easily.
  • They act as electron acceptors.
  • They are reduced during the reaction.

    • Which of the following statements is true about the reactivity series?

    <p>All metals can reduce metals below them in the series.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a less reactive metal is introduced into a solution of a more reactive metal's salt, what occurs?

    <p>No reaction occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metals would react with dilute acids?

    <p>Zinc and aluminum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when magnesium reacts with steam?

    <p>Metal oxide and hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals would react most vigorously with an acid?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction occurs when a metal reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Oxidative reaction forming metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the reactivity series is correct?

    <p>The reactivity of metals can be determined by observing their reactions with water and acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What general product is formed when a metal reacts with an acid?

    <p>Salt and hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal is noted for not reacting with oxygen?

    <p>Gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key factor affecting the reactivity of metals?

    <p>The location of the metal in the reactivity series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the reaction between magnesium and copper sulfate?

    <p>Copper gains electrons from magnesium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the reactivity of metals according to the provided information?

    <p>Iron is more reactive than copper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between magnesium and copper sulfate?

    <p>Magnesium sulfate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym OIL-RIG stand for in terms of electron transfer?

    <p>Oxidation is loss, reduction is gain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the reaction, what visual change indicates magnesium is displacing copper?

    <p>The blue color of the solution fades.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals is less reactive than magnesium according to the reactivity series?

    <p>Copper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the magnesium during the displacement reaction with copper sulfate?

    <p>Magnesium slowly disappears from the solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of metals is correctly identified according to their reactivity?

    <p>Copper is more reactive than silver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Metals

    • Metals are one of two broad types of elements, the other being nonmetals.
    • Metalloids or semimetals display properties of both types.
    • The metallic character diminishes moving left to right across the Periodic Table.
    • Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
    • Metals are malleable (can be hammered into shapes) and ductile (can be drawn into wires).
    • Metals tend to be lustrous (shiny).
    • Metals have high densities and high melting points.
    • Metals typically form positive ions by losing electrons.
    • Metals form basic oxides.

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Non-metals

    • Non-metals are the other major type of element.
    • Non-metals do not conduct heat and electricity well.
    • Non-metals are brittle when solid and break easily.
    • Non-metals are often dull and non-reflective.
    • Non-metals tend to have low density and low melting points; many are gases at room temperature.
    • Non-metals typically form negative ions by gaining electrons (except hydrogen).
    • Non-metals form acidic oxides.

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Reactivity Series

    • The reactivity series is a list of metals in order of their reactivity, based on how they react with water, acids, and oxygen.
    • The reactivity series can be used to predict if one metal will displace another metal from a solution of its salt.
    • More reactive metals will displace less reactive metals from their compounds.

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Extraction of Metals

    • The Earth's crust contains metals and metal compounds (ores).
    • Useful metals are chemically combined in ores (e.g. iron oxide, aluminium oxide).
    • Extraction of metals depends on their position in the reactivity series.
    • Metals above carbon on the reactivity series are extracted through electrolysis.
    • Metals below carbon on the reactivity series are extracted by heating with carbon.
    • Iron is extracted from hematite (iron oxide) using a blast furnace—a process involving reactions with carbon and limestone.
    • Aluminium is extracted from bauxite (aluminium oxide) by electrolysis.

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Uses of Metals

    • Aluminium: Aeroplane bodies, overhead power cables, saucepans, food cans, window frames. (High strength-to-weight ratio, good conductor of electricity, low density, corrosion resistant).
    • Copper: Electrical wires, water pipes. (Good conductor of electricity, malleable, non-toxic, unreactive with water, easy to work with and bend).

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Alloys

    • Alloys are mixtures of two or more metals (or a metal and a nonmetal).
    • Alloys often have improved properties compared to pure metals (e.g., increased strength, hardness, resistance to corrosion).
    • Examples of alloys include brass (copper and zinc), stainless steel (iron, chromium, nickel, carbon), and alloys of iron with tungsten.
    • The regular arrangement of atoms in a metal lattice is distorted in alloys, which hinders the movement of layers and thus is harder than pure metal.

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE - Corrosion (Rusting of Iron)

    • Rust is a chemical reaction between iron, water and oxygen to form the compound hydrated iron(III) oxide.
    • To rust, oxygen and water must be present.
    • Rust prevention involves barrier methods (e.g., greases, paints, plastics, oil) to prevent contact between iron and water or oxygen.
    • Sacrificial protection involves attaching a more reactive metal to a less reactive metal, so the more reactive metal corrodes instead of the less reactive one. (e.g., zinc bars on steel ships).

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    IGCSE Chemistry CIE 9. Metals PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamental differences between metals and non-metals in this informative quiz. Understand key properties such as conductivity, malleability, and ion formation. This quiz is tailored for IGCSE Chemistry CIE students.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser