IFRS 17 保险合同测量
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Questions and Answers

保险合同测量的主要目标是什么?

  • 增加保险公司的现金流入。
  • 减少保险合约的风险调整。
  • 为保险合同建立一致的测量标准。 (correct)
  • 简化保险合同的会计处理。

以下哪一项是一般模型的关键组成部分?

  • 未来现金流的现值。 (correct)
  • 预期的市场回报率。
  • 合同的初始成本。
  • 保险索赔的历史数据。

转换要求中,哪种方法允许一些实践上的便利措施?

  • 公允价值方法。
  • 修改后的追溯性方法。 (correct)
  • 完全追溯性方法。
  • 前瞻性估计方法。

调整的风险对现金流的影响是什么?

<p>提供现金流的不确定性调整。 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

IFRS 17对净收入的影响主要是什么?

<p>可能导致波动性增加。 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

在财务报表的展示和披露中,哪些信息是必需的?

<p>保险合同产生的风险的性质和程度。 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

合同服务边际(CSM)反映的是什么?

<p>未赚取的利润。 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

保险合同收入确认的主要变化是什么?

<p>在服务提供时确认。 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of market fluctuations on insurance contracts as defined by IFRS 17?

<p>Increased volatility in profit and loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the modified retrospective approach differ from the full retrospective approach under IFRS 17?

<p>It allows some concessions and simplifications for prior periods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must entities disclose upon transitioning to IFRS 17 in relation to financial statements?

<p>Qualitative and quantitative information about the impact of the transition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach allows for measurement at fair value for onerous contracts under IFRS 17?

<p>Fair value approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact can changes in profit timing have according to IFRS 17?

<p>Affects profitability ratios and performance metrics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the Premium Allocation Approach under IFRS 17?

<p>Revenue recognized over the coverage period. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which financial statement presentation requirement is specific to the Contractual Service Margin (CSM)?

<p>It must be presented as a separate line item. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of the Risk Adjustment on financial statements?

<p>It increases liabilities due to uncertainty compensation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under IFRS 17, how are profits recognized in relation to insurance services?

<p>As insurance services are delivered. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measurement model is typically used for contracts with direct links to underlying items?

<p>Variable Fee Approach. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main impact of IFRS 17 on revenue recognition?

<p>Revenue timing aligns with services rendered. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for the disclosure of insurance contracts under IFRS 17?

<p>Qualitative information about risk exposure must be included. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does IFRS 17 enhance comparability across insurers?

<p>Through standardized measurement and presentation of insurance contracts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

IFRS 17

Insurance Contract Measurement

  • Objective: Establish consistent measurement for insurance contracts.
  • Measurement Models:
    • General Model: Based on the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for risk and a contractual service margin (CSM).
    • Premium Allocation Approach (PAA): Simplified model for short-term contracts; recognizes revenue as premiums are earned.
  • Cash Flow Components:
    • Future cash inflows (premiums).
    • Future cash outflows (claims, benefits).
    • Risk adjustment for uncertainty in cash flows.
  • Contractual Service Margin (CSM): Represents unearned profit; recognized as the service is provided.

Transition Requirements

  • Transition Approaches:
    • Full retrospective approach: Apply IFRS 17 as if it had always been in effect.
    • Modified retrospective approach: Allow certain practical expedients.
    • Fair value approach: For contracts not measurable under previous standards.
  • Key Considerations:
    • Entities must reassess previous assumptions and methodologies.
    • Disclosures on the transition impact are required for users to understand changes.

Effects On Profit And Loss

  • Revenue Recognition: Changes in timing; revenue recognized as services are provided rather than at policy inception.
  • Impact on Net Income: May lead to volatility due to the recognition of CSM and changes in estimates.
  • Profit Profile: Recognizes profits over the coverage period rather than upfront, smoothing profit recognition.

Presentation And Disclosure

  • Total comprehensive income: Must separately show profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
  • Disclosure Requirements:
    • Information on the nature and extent of risks arising from insurance contracts.
    • Detailed reconciliations of CSM and liabilities.
    • Quantitative disclosures about the sensitivity of the insurance liabilities to changes in key assumptions.

Impact On Financial Statements

  • Balance Sheet:
    • Liabilities for insurance contracts will be recognized at present value of expected cash flows.
    • Introduction of CSM will affect the equity section.
  • Income Statement:
    • Revenue and expenses are recognized based on the service provided rather than cash received or paid.
    • Potential for increased volatility in reported earnings.
  • Comparability: Enhanced comparability across entities and jurisdictions as all adopt IFRS 17 standards.

保险合同计量

  • 目标:建立保险合同的一致性计量。
  • 计量模型
    • 一般模型:基于未来现金流的现值,调整风险和合同服务边际(CSM)。
    • 保费分配方法(PAA):针对短期合同的简化模型;按保险费收入确认收入。
  • 现金流成分
    • 未来现金流入(保费)。
    • 未来现金流出(索赔、福利)。
    • 现金流不确定性的风险调整。
  • 合同服务边际(CSM):代表未赚取的利润;随着服务的提供而确认。

转型要求

  • 转型方法
    • 完全追溯法:将IFRS 17视为一直有效。
    • 修改后的追溯法:允许特定实用方法。
    • 公允价值法:针对在之前标准下无法计量的合同。
  • 关键考虑事项
    • 实体需重新评估以前的假设和方法论。
    • 需披露转型影响,以便用户理解变化。

对损益的影响

  • 收入确认:确认时间发生变化;收入在服务提供时确认,而非在保单生效时。
  • 净收入影响:由于CSM的确认和估计变化可能导致波动。
  • 利润特征:在承保期间确认利润,而非一次性确认,从而平滑利润确认。

披露与呈现

  • 全面收入总额:必须分别显示利润或损失与其他综合收入。
  • 披露要求
    • 保险合同所产生的风险的性质和程度的信息。
    • CSM和负债的详细对账。
    • 量化披露保险负债对关键假设变化的敏感性。

对财务报表的影响

  • 资产负债表
    • 保险合同负债将按预期现金流的现值确认。
    • CSM的引入将影响权益部分。
  • 损益表
    • 按服务提供的基础确认收入和费用,而非按现金收到或支付。
    • 报告盈利的波动性可能增加。
  • 可比性:随着所有实体采用IFRS 17标准,各实体和地区的可比性提升。

保险合同计量

  • 一般计量模型
    • 基于三部分框架:
      • 履行现金流:预计未来现金流,针对时间价值和金融风险进行调整。
      • 合同服务边际 (CSM):代表未实现利润,随着服务的提供逐步确认。
      • 风险调整:为现金流估计中的不确定性提供补偿。
  • 保费分配方法
    • 适用于短期合同(如非寿险)的简单模型。
    • 在保险覆盖期间确认收入。
  • 可变费用方法
    • 针对与基础项目直接相关的合同(如投资联动保险)。
    • CSM根据基础项目的公允价值变化进行调整。

报表呈现与披露

  • 资产负债表
    • 区分与保险合同相关的资产和负债。
    • 要求将CSM作为单独项目列示。
  • 损益表
    • 收入基于提供的服务确认,而非保费的收取。
    • 直接与保险合同相关的费用纳入其中。
  • 披露要求
    • 提供合同的定量和定性信息。
    • 风险曝光和管理策略的相关信息。
    • 计量时采用的重要判断和估计。

对财务报表的影响

  • 资产与负债
    • 由于CSM和风险调整可能导致负债增加。
    • 资产负债表上风险曝光的透明度提升。
  • 收入确认
    • 收入确认时机的变化,与提供的服务保持一致。
  • 可比性
    • 因标准化的计量和呈现,增强了保险公司间的可比性。

对盈亏的影响

  • 利润确认
    • 利润随着服务的交付确认,而非保费的收取。
    • 随着保险服务的执行,CSM转换为损益。
  • 波动性
    • 由于市场波动可能引发的潜在盈亏波动,尤其涉及基础项目和风险调整。
  • 关键比率的影响
    • 利润时机的变化可能影响盈利能力比率和绩效指标。

过渡要求

  • 生效日期
    • IFRS 17于2023年1月1日生效。
  • 过渡方法
    • 完整追溯方法:要求完全按IFRS 17应用,仿佛它一直被应用。
    • 修改后的追溯方法:允许对前期进行一些宽容和简化。
    • 公允价值方法:对于亏损合同,允许按公允价值计量。
  • 过渡时的披露
    • 实体必须披露有关过渡对财务报表影响的定性和定量信息。
  • 比较信息
    • 可能需要对以前期间的数据进行重述或过渡披露,以助于可比性。

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Description

本测验旨在建立保险合同的一致测量方法,包括一般模型和保费分配方法(PAA)。您将了解未来现金流的组成部分及其对保险合约财务报表的影响。

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