IELTS Vocabulary

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the use of the word 'feasible'?

  • A traveler planning a trip to space with no prior astronautical preparation or experience.
  • A small business owner planning to expand operations after securing substantial funding and resources. (correct)
  • A company aiming to launch a new product line without conducting market research to assess demand.
  • An individual deciding to learn five new languages in a month.

In which scenario would the term 'proponent' be most appropriately used?

  • Referring to a person who publicly opposes a new law.
  • Indicating someone who is neutral in a political debate.
  • Describing someone who is ambivalent about a new urban development project.
  • Identifying an individual who actively campaigns for stricter environmental regulations. (correct)

Which situation provides the best example of how the word 'deploy' is typically used?

  • A chef arranging ingredients for a recipe.
  • A company strategically allocating its marketing budget across different platforms. (correct)
  • A gardener planting flowers in rows.
  • A librarian organizing books on shelves.

In which context is the word 'notable' most fitting?

<p>Emphasizing a key achievement in a scientist's career. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies a 'detrimental' effect?

<p>A prolonged drought causing severe crop failure and economic hardship. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation would one aim to 'mitigate' a problem effectively?

<p>Implementing measures to lessen the potential damage from an impending hurricane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What situation demonstrates a 'discrepancy'?

<p>Conflicting accounts from witnesses about what happened. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions displays 'resilient' behavior?

<p>Quickly recovering from a setback and continuing to pursue long-term goals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would policies that 'alleviate' poverty be designed?

<p>By implementing fair wages, affordable housing, and access to education. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is typically considered 'vulnerable' during an economic crisis?

<p>Low-income families with limited savings and job security. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the adoption of electric cars represent a 'paradigm' shift in transportation?

<p>By offering a completely different technological and environmental approach. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context would a business strategy be considered 'viable'?

<p>If it is able to generate sustainable profits and adapt to changing conditions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'benign' effect of a new environmental policy?

<p>No noticeable impact on local ecosystems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environment is 'conducive' to creativity and innovation?

<p>One that provides freedom, resources, and support for new ideas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'incentives' in promoting renewable energy adoption?

<p>To make the initial investment costs more appealing to businesses and individuals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal when researchers 'compile' data from various sources?

<p>To create a comprehensive and reliable analysis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should one interpret 'contradictory' findings in a research paper?

<p>As a sign that there may be unresolved issues or limitations within the study. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would best 'foster' innovation in a workplace?

<p>Promoting open communication and collaboration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategies would improve 'retention' of employees?

<p>Offering competitive pay, benefits, and a supportive work environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal when artists 'depict' nature in paintings?

<p>Accurately representing and interpreting various aspects through visual representation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In giving advice, what does it mean to 'steer clear of' conflicts?

<p>To avoid situations, people, or topics that could cause disagreements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of project success, what would it imply if it 'solely' depends on funding?

<p>Financial resources are the only critical determinant for achieving success. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would a region with 'abundant' water resources typically benefit?

<p>Greater potential for agricultural development and economic growth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What actions are consistent with efforts to promote 'sustainability'?

<p>Adopting practices that meet current needs without compromising future generations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do teachers 'assess' students' understanding of course material?

<p>By using a variety of methods, such as quizzes, projects, and discussions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements describes the common understanding of 'target'?

<p>A tangible objective toward which specific efforts are directed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of designing survey questions to 'elicit' honest responses?

<p>To obtain genuine and authentic feedback from participants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When historians 'decipher' ancient texts, what are they trying to accomplish?

<p>To interpret and understand their meaning. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do currency exchange rates typically 'fluctuate' in global markets?

<p>By changing erratically and unpredictably. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'outlining' the main points of a presentation or essay?

<p>To provide a summary of main ideas and structures clearly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do governments 'promote' public health initiatives?

<p>To reduce healthcare costs and improve quality of life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when discussing the 'habitat' of endangered species?

<p>The natural environment in which an organism lives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increased funding 'augment' public health services?

<p>By making them larger, greater, or more intense. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following uses of "born and raised" is grammatically correct?

<p>&quot;I was born and raised in New York.&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence correctly uses an article (a, an, the) before a job title?

<p>&quot;I am an engineer at the company.&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence correctly uses the gerund form to express a general statement about a job?

<p>&quot;Being an engineer is very interesting.&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transition word is suitable to contrast ideas?

<p>However (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is most suitable if you want to express your opinion of the hobbies?

<p>In my opinion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrasal verb should be used when talking about starting a new hobby?

<p>Take up (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What verb form should be used after "consider"?

<p>Gerund (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression "take after" mean?

<p>To resemble someone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second conditional used for?

<p>Hypothetical situation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you're answering an IELTS and you feel you haven't conveyed your idea in a way you like, what could you say?

<p>What I'm trying to say is (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would deploying resources be the MOST appropriate course of action?

<p>Strategically allocating medical staff to manage a disease outbreak. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation exemplifies a 'notable' achievement in the field of environmental conservation?

<p>A country implementing a nationwide ban on single-use plastics, significantly reducing pollution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST likely detrimental effect of a company's decision to outsource its customer service operations to a country with lower labor costs?

<p>Potential loss of jobs in the company's home country and decreased service quality due to language barriers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy would BEST mitigate the harmful impacts of deforestation on local ecosystems?

<p>Implementing strict regulations on logging activities and promoting reforestation efforts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST likely cause of a 'discrepancy' between a company's financial reports and its actual bank statements?

<p>Accounting errors or fraudulent activities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates 'resilient' behavior in an individual facing significant adversity?

<p>An entrepreneur learning from business failures and starting a new venture. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a government policy 'alleviate' the burden of high healthcare costs on low-income families?

<p>By providing subsidies or tax credits for healthcare expenses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is particularly 'vulnerable' to the negative effects of climate change?

<p>Coastal communities dependent on fishing and tourism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rise of remote work represents a 'paradigm' shift in what aspect of modern business?

<p>The conventional understanding of work environments and employee management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions would launching a new budget airline be considered 'viable' in a highly competitive market?

<p>If the airline had a strong financial backing, a clear differentiation strategy, and efficient operations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be considered a 'benign' side effect of a new medication designed to treat chronic pain?

<p>Mild drowsiness that subsides after a few days. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organizational culture is MOST 'conducive' to innovation and creativity?

<p>A flexible, collaborative, and open environment where employees are encouraged to take risks and share ideas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What 'incentives' could a government offer to encourage homeowners to invest in energy-efficient upgrades, such as solar panels and insulation?

<p>Tax credits, rebates, or low-interest loans for eligible energy-efficient improvements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might journalists 'compile' information from multiple sources when reporting on a complex political scandal?

<p>To present a balanced and comprehensive view. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a scientist interpret 'contradictory' results obtained from two different clinical trials testing the same drug?

<p>Carefully examine the methodologies, sample sizes, and other factors of both studies to understand the discrepancies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What steps can a company take to 'foster' a stronger sense of teamwork and collaboration among its employees?

<p>Organize team-building activities, encourage cross-departmental projects, and create a culture of open communication. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one effective strategy for improving 'retention' of newly acquired knowledge or skills?

<p>Spaced repetition, where the material is revisited at increasing intervals over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might an artist 'depict' the theme of social injustice in a contemporary art installation?

<p>By employing symbolic imagery, powerful visual metaphors, and thought-provoking juxtapositions to convey inequalities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advice would you give someone looking to 'steer clear of' conflicts in the workplace without compromising their own values or principles?

<p>Choose your battles wisely, communicate assertively but respectfully, and focus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it imply if the success of an innovative startup 'solely' depends on securing a single large contract?

<p>The startup's future is highly uncertain and vulnerable to the loss of that contract. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a community with 'abundant' access to renewable energy resources, such as solar and wind power, benefit economically?

<p>Lower energy costs, job creation in the renewable energy sector, and increased energy independence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some key considerations for promoting 'sustainability' in urban planning and development?

<p>Promoting energy-efficient buildings, public transportation, green spaces and waste management. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What methods do educators commonly use to 'assess' students' critical thinking skills?

<p>Assigning essays, debates, or projects that require students to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a company define its 'target' market when launching a new product or service?

<p>The company identifies a specific group of consumers with shared characteristics and needs whom the product is designed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might researchers use open-ended questions in a survey designed to 'elicit' detailed responses from participants?

<p>To encourage participants to provide rich and nuanced answers in their own words. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenges might historians face when attempting to 'decipher' ancient texts written in a language with no known modern descendants?

<p>A lack of reliable reference materials, grammatical rules, and cultural context. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can cause the price of crude oil to 'fluctuate' significantly in the global market?

<p>Geopolitical instability, changes in production levels, and shifts in global demand. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before writing a research paper, what is the primary purpose of 'outlining' the main arguments and supporting evidence?

<p>To ensure a logical structure, coherent flow of ideas, and a clear presentation of the findings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do governments often 'promote' initiatives aimed at increasing the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables?

<p>To reduce healthcare costs associated with diet-related chronic diseases and improve public health. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the MOST important considerations when assessing the suitability of a particular area as a 'habitat' for a specific endangered species?

<p>The availability of suitable food sources, water, shelter, and breeding grounds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might increased funding for public libraries 'augment' the educational resources available to a community?

<p>By expanding collections, extending operating hours, enhancing programs and providing access to technology and online resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence accurately describes how someone would use the expression 'born and raised'?

<p><code>I was born and raised in Paris.</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses a/an/the before a job title?

<p>`She is a doctor at the hospital. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses the gerund form to express a general statement about a job?

<p><code>Being a teacher is rewarding.</code> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transition word would you use if you're describing hobbies you like, but want to mention a hobby you dislike?

<p>However (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is most suitable if you want to express your opinion of the reasons for a success?

<p>In my opinion, ... (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrasal verb should be used when you express an interest to start a new hobby?

<p>Take up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What verb form should be used if the subject is confident that they can draw well?

<p>Drawing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when people say that you take after someone in your family?

<p>That you have the same physical appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of the second conditional?

<p>If it rained, the match would be cancelled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine you're in the speaking part of IELTS and you want to rephrase an answer. What phrase would make the most sense?

<p>In other words (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is considered 'feasible' in a business context?

<p>Implementing a four-day work week for employees, after assessing potential impacts on productivity and client service. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of environmental policy, who would MOST likely be a 'proponent' of carbon taxation?

<p>An economist arguing that carbon taxation internalizes externalities, aligning market incentives with environmental protection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation BEST exemplifies a strategic 'deployment' of technology resources?

<p>Investing in the latest cybersecurity infrastructure to protect sensitive customer data, following a series of data breaches. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome would be considered a 'notable' achievement in the field of medicine?

<p>Discovering a novel treatment that significantly reduces mortality rates for a previously incurable disease. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST likely 'detrimental' effect of a company's decision to use child labor in its supply chain?

<p>Legal sanctions, reduced consumer trust, and long-term damage to the company's ethical standing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy would BEST 'mitigate' the risks associated with investing in a volatile cryptocurrency?

<p>Diversifying investments across multiple cryptocurrencies and traditional assets, while conducting thorough research. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action would MOST likely reveal a 'discrepancy' in research findings?

<p>Replicating the study with a larger sample size and a more rigorous methodology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates 'resilient' behavior in the face of a major setback?

<p>An athlete using constructive feedback after losing an important game to adjust their training and strategies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a government policy 'alleviate' the problem of food insecurity in a low-income community?

<p>Implementing a program that provides subsidized fresh produce to families, while investing in local agriculture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which population is particularly 'vulnerable' to the negative impacts of automation and artificial intelligence?

<p>Workers in routine, low-skill jobs that can be easily replicated by machines. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The increasing popularity of online education represents a 'paradigm' shift in which area?

<p>The traditional model of attending classes in-person, at a fixed time and location. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions would a small, independent bookstore be considered 'viable' in the age of e-commerce?

<p>Creating a community hub with unique events, personalized service, and a curated selection of books. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be considered a 'benign' use of data collected from social media users?

<p>Predicting and tracking the spread of infectious diseases to inform public health interventions, while maintaining user privacy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which workplace environment is MOST 'conducive' to employee innovation and creativity?

<p>A flexible environment that encourages open communication, risk-taking, and collaboration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What 'incentives' might a government offer to encourage the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) by consumers?

<p>Providing tax credits, rebates, and subsidies for EV purchases, as well as investing in charging infrastructure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might historians 'compile' oral histories from different communities?

<p>To gather a comprehensive range of perspectives and experiences, avoiding reliance on single sources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a policymaker interpret 'contradictory' results from different economic studies?

<p>Carefully evaluating the methodology, assumptions, and biases of each study to understand the reasons for the differences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would BEST 'foster' a culture of innovation within an organization?

<p>Establishing clear communication channels, providing resources for experimentation, and recognizing creative contributions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST effective strategy for improving 'retention' of new clients in a competitive market?

<p>Providing excellent customer service, building strong relationships, and offering ongoing value. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a filmmaker 'depict' the theme of social inequality in a documentary film?

<p>Using statistics, personal stories, and visual imagery to expose the disparities in access to resources and opportunities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Feasible

Possible to do easily or conveniently; practical. Commonly used in writing to discuss the practicality of proposals or solutions.

Proponent

A person who advocates or supports a theory, proposal, or course of action. Frequently seen in discussions about policy debates and research.

Deploy

To move into position for action, or to utilize something in a strategic manner. Often used in writing to describe the implementation of resources or strategies.

Notable

Worthy of attention or notice; remarkable. Commonly found in writing to highlight significant differences or achievements.

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Detrimental

Causing harm or tending to cause harm. Mainly used in writing to discuss negative impacts or consequences of policies and actions.

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Mitigate

To make less severe, serious, or painful. Useful in writing and speaking to discuss ways to reduce negative impacts, especially in environmental contexts.

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Discrepancy

A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts. Commonly used in writing when analyzing data or discussing research findings.

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Resilient

Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions. Useful in speaking and writing when discussing communities or individuals facing challenges.

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Alleviate

To make suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe. Commonly used in writing and speaking to discuss solutions to societal issues like poverty or health.

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Vulnerable

Susceptible to physical or emotional harm. Often used in discussions about social issues, health, and even environmental concerns.

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Paradigm

A typical example or pattern of something; a model. Frequently found in writing to discuss shifts in thinking or approaches.

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Viable

Capable of working successfully; feasible. Used in discussions about sustainability and practical solutions.

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Benign

Having no significant harm or adverse effect. Commonly used in discussions about impacts and effects to talk about something not having an effect.

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Conducive

Making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible. Common in discussions about environments that encourage certain behaviors or outcomes.

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Incentive

A thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something. Used in discussions about economics, business, and public policy.

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Compile

To produce by assembling information and other sources. Often used in academic writing and research discussions.

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Contradictory

Mutually opposed or inconsistent. Used in writing when discussing conflicting ideas or conflicting data.

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Foster

To encourage or promote the development of something, and usually something good. Commonly used in discussions about education and social policies.

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Retention

The continued possession, use, or control of something. Used in writing when discussing education and employment practices.

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Depict

To represent by a drawing, painting, or other art form. Common in discussions about art and literature.

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Steer clear of

To avoid someone or something. Used in speaking to give advice or recommendations.

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Solely

Not involving anyone or anything else; only. Useful in writing to clarify specific points or responsibilities.

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Abundant

Existing or available in large quantities; plentiful. Commonly used in discussions about resources and environments.

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Sustainability

The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level. Frequently appears in discussions about environmental issues and development.

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Assess

To evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of something. Common in writing when discussing evaluations in education and business.

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Target

An objective or result toward which efforts are directed. Commonly used in writing, especially in essays discussing your goals and objectives.

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Elicit

To get a response, answer, or fact from someone, often through questioning or discussion. Commonly used in writing when discussing studies, research, or data.

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Decipher

To interpret or make sense of something that is difficult to understand; to decode. Commonly used in writing when discussing the meaning of something.

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Fluctuate

To change or vary irregularly, often in amount or level. Commonly used when discussing the results or current state of something.

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Outline

To give a summary of something. Often used in writing to present main ideas or structures clearly.

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Promote

To support or actively encourage. Frequent in discussions about public health, education, and social initiatives.

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Habitat

The natural environment in which an organism lives. Commonly used in discussions about ecology and conservation.

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Augment

To make something larger, greater, or more intense. Common in speaking and writing to discuss increases or improvements in systems, infrastructure, or skills.

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To level with someone

To share a surprising or harsh truth.

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You know what?

A means of emphasis, often expressed interjectionally.

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to Crank Up

Increase the intensity, volume, or level of something.

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All right

Used to express agreement or to signal one's willingness to comply with a course of action

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Let's do it

Confirm readiness to begin an action

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It's go time

State that now is the time to act

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Study Notes

Vocabulary for IELTS

  • Feasible means easily or conveniently possible, often used in writing about the practicality of proposals or solutions.
  • A proponent is someone who advocates for a theory, proposal, or action.
  • Deploy means to move into position for action or utilize something strategically.
  • Notable means worthy of attention or remarkable, often used to highlight significant differences or achievements
  • Detrimental means causing harm.
  • Mitigate means to make less severe or painful.
  • Discrepancy refers to a lack of compatibility between facts.
  • Resilient describes the ability to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.
  • Alleviate means to reduce the severity of suffering or a problem.
  • Vulnerable means susceptible to physical or emotional harm.
  • Paradigm refers to a typical example or pattern, often used to discuss shifts in thinking.
  • Viable means capable of working successfully or feasible.
  • Benign means having no significant harm or adverse effect.
  • Conducive means making a situation or outcome likely or possible.
  • Incentive is a thing that motivates someone.
  • Compile means to produce by assembling information.
  • Contradictory means mutually opposed or inconsistent.
  • Foster means to encourage the development of something.
  • Retention refers to the continued possession or control of something like employee retention.
  • Depict means to represent by a drawing or painting.
  • To steer clear of something means to avoid it.
  • Solely means not involving anyone or anything else, equivalent to only.
  • Abundant means existing in large quantities or plentiful.
  • Sustainability is the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level, often in environmental discussions.
  • Assess means to evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of something.
  • Target refers to an objective toward which efforts are directed.
  • Illicit means to get a response from someone through questioning.
  • Decipher means to interpret or make sense of something difficult to understand.
  • Fluctuate means to change or vary irregularly.
  • Outline means to give a summary of something.
  • Promote means to support or actively encourage.
  • Habitat is the natural environment where an organism lives.
  • Augment means to make something larger or more intense.

Common Phrases for IELTS Speaking

  • "Born and raised in" is used to describe where you grew up, conjugated in the past simple (I was born and raised in Winnipeg).
  • This can be expanded by adding where you currently live (but now I live in Ottawa) and for how long using the present perfect or present perfect continuous (I've lived here for over 10 years now / I've been living here for over 10 years).
  • When describing your work, use the article "a" or "an" before your job title (I'm an engineer.).
  • The article "the" is used if there is only one such position in your organization (I'm the executive director).
  • Follow this with a general statement about your job, using a gerund statement (Being an engineer is rewarding) or a verb of preference plus a gerund (I love using my analytical skills).
  • However, can be used to introduce a contrasting statement, followed by specifically to introduce a challenge, and you can use expressions like "work around the clock."
  • When discussing hobbies, start with a gerund statement expressing your opinion, beginning with opinion words like "in my opinion" or "from my perspective."
  • State your specific hobby using the structure "to be an avid" plus a noun (I'm an avid hiker).
  • Make a gerund statement about why you enjoy the activity (Hiking gives me the opportunity to disconnect).
  • If you don't have any hobbies, explain that your focus has been on your career, but use "considering taking up" an activity; consider plus a gerund.
  • When talking about family, you can say you're from a "close-knit family" or that everyone gets along, indicating a good relationship.
  • “take after” someone (resemble them physically.)
  • When talking about travel, express your desire to visit a place (I'd love the opportunity to see Egypt), using the second conditional if it's hypothetical (If I could travel anywhere, I'd choose Egypt) or a gerund statement (Visiting Egypt is at the top of my list).
  • Use opinion words to reinforce why you want to visit a place (From my perspective, the pyramids are one of our world's greatest treasures) and advanced expressions like "revel in the opportunity."

Clarifying Phrases for IELTS Speaking

  • What I'm trying to say is...
  • What I mean is...
  • What I'm getting at is...
  • What I'm trying to get at is...
  • To put it another way...
  • In other words...

Verb 'To Be'

  • Present Simple Conjugations:
  • I am (I am happy)
  • You, we, they are (You are my friend)
  • He, she, it is (He is a happy person)
  • Past Simple Conjugations:
  • I, he, she, it was (I was there yesterday)
  • You, we, they were (You were late)
  • Future Simple Structure:
  • Subject will be (I will be there tomorrow)
  • Verb 'To Be' as Auxiliary Verb:
  • Present Continuous: Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing (I'm reading a book)
  • Past Continuous: Subject + was/were + verb-ing (He was watching TV)
  • Future Continuous: Subject + will be + verb-ing (She will be sleeping at that time)
  • Present Perfect: Subject + have/has + been (He has been to Paris)
  • Past Perfect: Subject + had + been (She had been in line for hours)
  • Passive Voice: used when the focus is on the recipient (The cake is eaten (by her))
  • Review of conjugations:
  • Infinitive: to be
  • Base verb: be
  • Present Simple: am, is, are
  • Past Simple: was, were
  • Present Participle: being
  • Past Participle: been
  • Subjunctive use of 'to be': In hypothetical, unreal situations ("If I were you...")

Common Expressions and Idioms using 'To Be'

  • To be on cloud 9: to be extremely happy.
  • To be in hot water: to be in trouble.
  • To be in the same boat: to be in the same situation as someone else.
  • To be on the ball: to be alert competent, well prepared.
  • To be under the weather: to be sick or unwell.
  • To be out of the woods: to have successfully overcome a difficult situation.
  • To be a piece of cake: to be very easy.
  • To be in good company: to be surrounded by people you admire.

Verb 'To Do'

  • Irregular conjugations of 'to do':
  • Infinitive: to do
  • Base form: do
  • Present Simple: do/does
  • Past Simple: did
  • Present Participle: doing
  • Past Participle: done
  • Verb 'To Do' as Main Verb: Present simple: used for routine and tasks. Common activities used with the verb "do" include the dishes, homework, laundry etc.
  • Present Continuous: Used for actions taking place now and planned future actions.
  • Note: auxiliary verbs are necessary for the negative; "do not" / "does not" or "don't" / "doesn't"
  • Verb 'To Do' as Auxiliary Verb: Formulating yes/no questions (Do you like?) - does this by inverting subject-verb.
  • Emphatic Form: emphasises action ("I did subscribe"- structure of subject + "did" + base verb)
  • Tag Questions: check information ("You like my videos, don't you?")
  • Choice Questions: ("Do you prefer coffee or tea?")

Common Expressions with 'To Do'

  • To do someone a favor: help someone.
  • To do business with someone: engage commercially.
  • To do one's best: give maximum effort.
  • To do a number on: cause harm or damage.
  • To do the dirty work: unpleasant or questionable tasks.
  • To do justice to: represent something accurately.
  • To make do: survive with what is available.
  • What's done is done: accept past events.
  • To do away with: eliminate.
  • To do the trick: achieve a desired result.

Verb 'To Have'

  • Irregular conjugations of "to have":
  • Base/Infinitive: have
  • Past Simple: had
  • Present Particle: having
  • Past Particle: had
  • As Main Verb (Present Simple): indicate possession (I have 2 cats) Remember irregular conjugation of "has" with ***It.
  • As Main Verb (Present Continuous: Indicates experiences (I am having a great time).
  • As Auxiliary Verb (Present Perfect): used to establish auxiliary tense of present perfect (past events linked to present) - (I have had a busy week).

Common Expressions with 'To Have'

  • To have a blast: have a great time.
  • To have a ball: similar to a blast/ fantastic happenings).
  • To have the last laugh: be eventually vindicated or prove correct.
  • To have butterflies in stomach: nervous beforehand.
  • To have a screw loose: eccentric to madness.
  • To have lot one's plate: being very busy.
  • To have a cow: become upset or in rage.
  • To have a heart of gold: describes genuine kindness.

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