IEEE Networking Standards Overview

Type of distribution frame with pre-wired connectors used with fiber optic cabling.

Network cable type that uses light signals as the basis for data transmission. Infrared light pulses are transmitted down the glass core of the fiber. The cladding that surrounds this core reflects light back to ensure transmission efficiency. At the receiving end of the cable, light-sensitive diodes re-convert the light pulse into an electrical signal. Fiber optic cable is immune to eavesdropping and EMI, has low attenuation, supports rates of 10 Gb/s+, and is light and compact.

High-speed network communications protocol used to implement SANs.

Software or hardware device that protects a network segment or individual host by filtering packets to an access control list.

Provisioning failover routers to serve as the default gateway for a subnet. Also referred to as Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) and Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP).

Mechanism for splitting a layer 3 datagram between multiple frames to fit the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the underlying Data Link network.

Common term for the protocol data unit for layer 2.

Provisions and requirements protecting the personal data of European Union (EU) citizens.

A Cisco-developed method for collecting and reporting network traffic information to a structured database. It helps analyze IP traffic flows used by various network applications and hosts.

A routing mechanism that translates between a single public address on the external network side of a router and private, non-routable addresses used internally.

A storage device enclosure with a network port and an embedded operating system supporting common network file access protocols like FTP and SMB.

A network adapter card provides one or more Ethernet ports to connect hosts to a network, enabling data exchange over a link.

The IPv6 transition mechanism that uses Network Address Translation (NAT) to convert destination IPv4 addresses to IPv6 format at routing boundaries.

The OSI model layer responsible for logical network addressing and forwarding.

The use of spatial multiplexing to connect multiple MU-MIMO-capable stations simultaneously, provided they are not on the same directional path.

General term for the protocols, policies, and hardware that authenticate and authorize access to a network at the device level.

A wireless network authentication mode that uses a shared passphrase to derive an encryption key, enabling group authentication.

A type of cloud computing that is specifically deployed and managed for use by a single entity.

A communication system that routes incoming calls to direct dial numbers and provides features like voicemail, call distribution, and interactive menus.

A type of encryption where the private key is only known to the owner and is linked to, but not derived from, a publicly distributed key.

Settings that are used when a device, software, or application is started or launched.

A specialized tool used to analyze and interpret the contents of network packets for troubleshooting or security analysis.

A server that acts as an intermediary between a client and another server, filtering, modifying, and potentially caching communications to improve performance.

A type of cloud computing infrastructure accessible to many independent entities or companies.

A protocol used for managing remote and wireless authentication, often used with RADIUS.

A protocol used for operating remote connections to a host using a graphical interface. It sends screen data from the remote host to the client and transfers mouse and keyboard input from the client to the remote host. It uses TCP port 3389.

A layer 1 device that regenerates and retransmits signals to overcome media distance limitations.

A DHCP configuration that assigns either a pre-reserved or persistent IP address to a given host, based on its hardware address or other ID.

Data files storing information about a DNS zone. The main records are as follows: A (maps a host name to an IPv4 address), AAAA (maps to an IPv6 address), CNAME (an alias for a host name), MX (the IP address of a mail server), and PTR (allows a host name to be identified from an IP address).

A DNS query type to resolve an IP address to a host name.

Standards document that defines private address ranges.

The likelihood and impact (or consequence) of a threat actor exercising a vulnerability.

An XML-based data format used to exchange authentication information between a client and a service. (Example: SAML)

A solution that provides real-time or near-real-time analysis of security alerts and events generated by network hardware and applications.

A design paradigm and associated technologies that mediate access to cloud services and web applications.

A digital certificate that has been signed by the entity that issued it, rather than by a CA.

Application protocol used for requesting files from Windows servers and delivering them to clients. SMB allows machines to share files and printers, thus making them available for other machines to use. SMB client software is available for UNIX-based systems. Samba software allows UNIX and Linux servers or NAS appliances to run SMB services for Windows clients. Also called Common Internet File System (CIFS).

Agreement that sets the service requirements and expectations between a consumer and a provider.

Application protocol used to establish, disestablish, and manage VoIP and conferencing communications sessions. It handles user discovery (locating a user on the network), availability advertising (whether a user is prepared to receive calls), negotiating session parameters (such as use of audio/video), and session management and termination.

OSI model layer that provides services for applications that need to exchange multiple messages (dialog control). Also referred to as layer 5.

A technology that allows voice calls to be transmitted over a data network.

A device or client software used to make and receive VoIP calls.

A weakness in a system that could be exploited to cause a security breach.

A process of evaluating a system's security and compliance, often by testing vulnerabilities.

A backup site that can quickly be activated in case of an outage.

A network that spans a large geographic area, using various media types and protocols.

A tool used to analyze Wi-Fi networks, showing signal strength and channel usage.

A language for creating configuration files and applications, often used in network automation.