Ideology Chapter 1: Conceptions and Theorists
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Questions and Answers

What is a common feature of different theorists' perspectives on ideology?

  • They all critique the tyranny of opinion
  • They are all based on a liberal, individualistic view
  • They emphasize the importance of free speech and rational debate
  • They reflect their broader ideological framework and understanding of society (correct)

    • According to Edmund Burke, what influences the formation of dominant beliefs?

  • Individual autonomy and public opinion
  • Established authority, hierarchy, and religious institutions (correct)
  • Rational debate and free speech
  • The interests of the ruling class

    • What is a key aspect of John Stuart Mill's theory of ideology?

  • The influence of established authority and hierarchy
  • The role of the ruling class in shaping dominant ideas
  • The importance of free speech and rational debate in challenging dominant ideas (correct)
  • The importance of tradition and reverence for existing social structures

    • What is a key difference between Burke's and Mill's theories of ideology?

    <p>Burke emphasizes tradition and social structure, while Mill emphasizes free speech and rational debate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind Karl Marx's theory of ideology?

    <p>Dominant ideas reflect the interests of the ruling class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common theme among the different theorists' perspectives on ideology?

    <p>They all provide distinct explanations for the formation and perpetuation of ideological traditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target of Marx's critique?

    <p>Bourgeois ideology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the term 'ideology'?

    <p>It carries different meanings and referents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the diverse meanings of 'ideology'?

    <p>Diverse approaches to studying ideology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of de Tracy's science of ideas?

    <p>Individual sense experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Freeden's conception of ideology?

    <p>A collection of loosely interconnected ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Goodwin, what role does ideology serve?

    <p>Shaping collective behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Emile Durkheim and Karl Mannheim's view of ideology?

    <p>The function of ideology in promoting social solidarity and reinforcing cultural norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main critique of Karl Marx towards dominant ideas?

    <p>They serve the interests of the ruling class and perpetuate capitalist exploitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Goodwin, what is the primary role of ideology?

    <p>To shape political behavior and social movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common thread among the theories of Burke, Mill, and Marx?

    <p>Their exploration of the diverse interpretations of ideology's meaning and significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Marx's analysis of ideology?

    <p>To critique the ideological underpinnings of capitalist society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main theme that emerges from the study of ideology?

    <p>The diverse interpretations of ideology's meaning and significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Benedict Anderson attribute to 'print-capitalism'?

    <p>Creating languages of power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Eugene Weber, what contributed to the emergence of national identities in France?

    <p>Mass education and urbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of ethnic nations?

    <p>Based on shared ethnic identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Anthony D. Smith argue about nationalism?

    <p>It contains both civic and ethnic elements in varying degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Benedict Anderson describe as a nation?

    <p>An imagined community made possible by modernity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'banal nationalism' according to Michael Billig?

    <p>The everyday reproduction of the nation through mundane practices and symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Primordialists perceive the identity of nations?

    <p>As perennial, fixed, and unchanging over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind Charles Tilly's perspective on state-building?

    <p>States make war and war makes states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a state according to Max Weber?

    <p>An organization with a monopoly of legitimate violence within a given territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of the nation as an extended family based on?

    <p>The political structure of modern territorial states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Ernest Gellner's perspective on national identity?

    <p>The importance of industrial society in shaping national identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process led to the gradual replacement of multinational dynastic empires?

    <p>The emergence of modern territorial states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Benedict Anderson attribute to 'print-capitalism'?

    <p>Creating 'languages of power'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of ethnic nations?

    <p>Shared ethnic identity, whether real or fictive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Ernest Renan, what sustains a nation?

    <p>Constant reaffirmation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'banal nationalism' according to Michael Billig?

    <p>The everyday reproduction of the nation through mundane practices and symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of Benedict Anderson's concept of imagined communities?

    <p>The construction of national identity through modern technologies and cultural artifacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Anthony D. Smith argue about nationalism?

    <p>It contains both civic and ethnic elements in varying degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributed to the emergence of national identities in France, according to Eugene Weber?

    <p>Mass education and urbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between civic and ethnic nations?

    <p>Civic nations are founded on loyalty to constitutions, while ethnic nations are based on shared ethnic identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core idea of Primordialism regarding nation identities?

    <p>Nations have deep historical roots and are perennial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between war and state-building according to Charles Tilly?

    <p>States make war and war makes states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of the nation as an extended family based on?

    <p>The political structure of modern territorial states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Ernest Gellner's perspective on national identity?

    <p>The need for a homogeneous 'high culture' in industrial society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What replaced multinational dynastic empires from the 16th and 17th centuries onward?

    <p>Modern territorial states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a state according to Max Weber?

    <p>An organization with a monopoly of legitimate violence within a given territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of Modernism regarding nation identities?

    <p>Nations are shaped by historical contingencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

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