Identifying Fallacies in Arguments: Appeal to Authority

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Questions and Answers

What type of argument is presented when someone cites a famous person's opinion to support a claim, despite the person not being an expert in the field?

  • Post hoc ergo propter hoc
  • Hasty generalization
  • Ad hominem
  • Appeal to authority (correct)

What logical fallacy is committed when someone argues that we should abolish animal experimentation immediately, citing a hypothetical scenario as a consequence?

  • Appeal to authority
  • Slippery slope (correct)
  • Ad hominem
  • Hasty generalization

Which of the following is an example of hasty generalization?

  • Guy Handsome is an expert on the death penalty.
  • Experimenting on animals reduces respect for life. (correct)
  • If we don't stop animal experimentation, we will slide all the way down to the end of civilization.
  • We should abolish the death penalty because many people oppose it.

What is the main idea behind the statement 'Wrong! A lot of informational texts are based on author’s ideas, beliefs, or opinions.'?

<p>Authors may present biased or opinionated information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of logical fallacy is committed when someone assumes that because two events occurred in succession, one caused the other?

<p>Post hoc ergo propter hoc (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the argumentation step in analyzing evidence?

<p>To identify the point or claim the author is trying to prove (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of authors presenting their ideas and supporting them with evidence in informational texts?

<p>To convince readers of their opinions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence is often dismissed as untrustworthy and meaningless?

<p>Anecdotal evidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason to avoid committing logical fallacies in arguments?

<p>To form sound arguments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary weakness of analogical evidence?

<p>It is regarded as the weakest evidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of evidence is considered the strongest?

<p>Statistical evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of identifying specific facts and data in the specificity step?

<p>To support the point or claim being made (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of explaining how the pieces of evidence are related to the claim in the relevance step?

<p>To explain how the evidence supports the claim (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a hasty generalization?

<p>Librarians are quiet people and disciplinarians. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a valid and a sound argument?

<p>A valid argument is logical and has true premises, while a sound argument is logical and has true premises and conclusions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an appeal to authority?

<p>Dr. Smith, a renowned expert in the field, agrees that climate change is real. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a logical fallacy?

<p>It makes an argument sound. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of understanding logical fallacies in arguments?

<p>To avoid committing errors in reasoning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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